J N Turner, J W Swann, D H Szarowski, K L Smith, W Shain, D O Carpenter, M Fejtl
{"title":"Three-dimensional confocal light and electron microscopy of central nervous system tissue and neurons and glia in culture.","authors":"J N Turner, J W Swann, D H Szarowski, K L Smith, W Shain, D O Carpenter, M Fejtl","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75947,"journal":{"name":"International review of experimental pathology","volume":"36 ","pages":"53-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19826046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Computerized graphic imaging for three-dimensional representation: general principles and applications to embryo/fetal development.","authors":"G A Machin, G H Sperber","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75947,"journal":{"name":"International review of experimental pathology","volume":"36 ","pages":"1-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19826044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tandem scanning confocal microscopic imaging of the living kidney.","authors":"P Andrews","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75947,"journal":{"name":"International review of experimental pathology","volume":"36 ","pages":"131-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19826048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"In situ studies of renal arteriolar function using the in vitro-perfused hydronephrotic rat kidney.","authors":"R D Loutzenhiser","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A method of examining arteriolar function in situ using the in vitro-perfused hydronephrotic rat kidney is described. This approach facilitates direct visualization of arteriolar contractile responses in a well-controlled experimental environment while avoiding the consequences of traumatic microdissection and the accompanying exposure to ischemia, hypothermia, or hypoxia. The preparation has a remarkably well-preserved myogenic reactivity, exhibiting precisely graded vasoconstriction over the range in perfusion pressure subtending normal renal autoregulatory responses (i.e., 80-180 mm Hg). Using this preparation, the inhibitory effects of hypoxia on arteriolar myogenic reactivity have been demonstrated. The range over which reduced pO2 affected arteriolar reactivity in this model corresponded closely to that reported to alter vascular tone in vivo. A technique of adapting the model to incorporate simultaneous monitoring of arteriolar fluorescence measurements and contractile responses is also described. This approach has been used to examine the relationship between arteriolar contractility and NADH autofluorescence during the hypoxia-induced activation of ATP-sensitive K channels. Future applications may include the use of intravital fluorescent dyes to examine, for example, microvascular endothelial calcium signaling in an intact, functioning arteriole.</p>","PeriodicalId":75947,"journal":{"name":"International review of experimental pathology","volume":"36 ","pages":"145-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19827785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ultrasonic imaging of microscopic structures in living organs.","authors":"M F Insana","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is possible to estimate acoustic parameters that describe the microscopic anatomy of live tissues. The same rf echo signals used to form diagnostic ultrasound images undergo additional signal processing to compute D, the average scatterer size; SNR, a measure of the number density of scatterers; and IBC, a measure of tissue echogenicity. With these three parameters it is possible to identify the sources of ultrasonic scattering in kidneys, observe functional changes in live organs, and produce images of each parameter. Although this chapter has emphasized the more basic research elements of possible applications, similar methods have been used to study changes in tissue morphometry during the progress of disease and during the course of therapy in several organ systems. Advances in diagnostic ultrasound are providing safe and low-cost method for studying soft tissues in vivo.</p>","PeriodicalId":75947,"journal":{"name":"International review of experimental pathology","volume":"36 ","pages":"73-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19966761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Morphometric analysis of vascular smooth muscle cells by scanning electron microscopy.","authors":"A P Evan, B A Connors","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The information presented in this chapter clearly shows the usefulness of SEM for analyzing the components of the wall of microvessels. The literature contains several methodologies that allow one to successfully expose single smooth muscle cells that line microvessels. It appears that chemical and enzymatic digestion steps will continue to be the principal elements of any methodology for exposing these cells. The combination of microdissection, prior to processing the specimen for SEM, with digestion has allowed better preservation of the tissues by reducing the amount of material obscuring the tissue of interest as well as reducing the length of time the tissue is exposed to chemicals. The next important improvement was the mobilization step of selected vessel segments so that they could be mounted \"end on\" for circumferential viewing and photographing. Finally, at least three different mathematical approaches have been developed and tested for the quantitation of single cell length and width determination.</p>","PeriodicalId":75947,"journal":{"name":"International review of experimental pathology","volume":"36 ","pages":"31-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19826045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"In vivo confocal imaging.","authors":"W M Petroll, J V Jester, H D Cavanagh","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75947,"journal":{"name":"International review of experimental pathology","volume":"36 ","pages":"93-129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19826047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T B Wiegmann, S Vamos, L W Welling, D M Beatty, S J Morris
{"title":"Simultaneous imaging of intracellular [Ca2+] and pH in single cells.","authors":"T B Wiegmann, S Vamos, L W Welling, D M Beatty, S J Morris","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75947,"journal":{"name":"International review of experimental pathology","volume":"36 ","pages":"175-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19827787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Measuring cytosolic Ca2+ in cells with fluorescent probes: an aid to understanding cell pathophysiology.","authors":"A Hayes, S H Cody, D A Williams","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75947,"journal":{"name":"International review of experimental pathology","volume":"36 ","pages":"197-212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19827788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}