American Journal of Physiology最新文献_第8页

A dietary intervention (high carbohydrate) during the neonatal period causes islet dysfunction in rats. 新生儿期饮食干预(高碳水化合物)引起大鼠胰岛功能障碍。

American Journal of Physiology Pub Date : 1999-12-01 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.1999.277.6.E1061

R Aalinkeel, M Srinivasan, S C Kalhan, S G Laychock, M S Patel

{"title":"A dietary intervention (high carbohydrate) during the neonatal period causes islet dysfunction in rats.","authors":"R Aalinkeel, M Srinivasan, S C Kalhan, S G Laychock, M S Patel","doi":"10.1152/ajpendo.1999.277.6.E1061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1999.277.6.E1061","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial rearing of 4-day-old rat pups on a high-carbohydrate (HC) milk formula results in the immediate onset of hyperinsulinemia. To evaluate these early changes, studies on pancreatic function were carried out on 12-day-old HC rats and compared with age-matched mother-fed (MF) pups. The plasma insulin and glucagon contents were increased sixfold and twofold, respectively, in HC rats compared with MF rats. There was a distinct leftward shift in the glucose-stimulated insulin secretory pattern for HC islets. HC islets secreted insulin in the absence of any added glucose and in the presence of Ca2+ channel inhibitors. The activities of glucokinase, hexokinase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and pyruvate dehydrogenase complex were significantly increased in HC islets compared with MF islets. The protein contents of GLUT-2 and hexokinase were significantly increased in HC islets. These findings indicate that a nutritional intervention in the form of a HC formula only during the suckling period has a profound influence on pancreatic function, causing the onset of hyperinsulinemia.","PeriodicalId":7590,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Physiology","volume":"277 6","pages":"E1061-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1152/ajpendo.1999.277.6.E1061","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21457224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 49

Amino acid-induced stimulation of translation initiation in rat skeletal muscle. 氨基酸诱导的大鼠骨骼肌翻译起始的刺激。

American Journal of Physiology Pub Date : 1999-12-01 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.1999.277.6.E1077

T C Vary, L S Jefferson, S R Kimball

{"title":"Amino acid-induced stimulation of translation initiation in rat skeletal muscle.","authors":"T C Vary, L S Jefferson, S R Kimball","doi":"10.1152/ajpendo.1999.277.6.E1077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1999.277.6.E1077","url":null,"abstract":"Amino acids stimulate protein synthesis in skeletal muscle by accelerating translation initiation. In the two studies described herein, we examined mechanisms by which amino acids regulate translation initiation in perfused skeletal muscle hindlimb preparation of rats. In the first study, the effects of supraphysiological amino acid concentrations on eukaryotic initiation factors (eIF) 2B and 4E were compared with physiological concentrations of amino acids. Amino acid supplementation stimulated protein synthesis twofold. No changes were observed in eIF2B activity, in the amount of eIF4E associated with the eIF4E-binding protein (4E-BP1), or in the phosphorylation of 4E-BP1. The abundance of eIF4E bound to eIF4G and the extent of phosphorylation of eIF4E were increased by 800 and 20%, respectively. In the second study, we examined the effect of removing leucine on translation initiation when all other amino acids were maintained at supraphysiological concentrations. Removal of leucine from the perfusate decreased the rate of protein synthesis by 40%. The inhibition of protein synthesis was associated with a 40% decrease in eIF2B activity and an 80% fall in the abundance of eIF4E. eIF4G complex. The fall in eIF4G binding to eIF4E was associated with increased 4E-BP1 bound to eIF4E and a reduced phosphorylation of 4E-BP1. In contrast, the extent of phosphorylation of eIF4E was unaffected. We conclude that formation of the active eIF4E. eIF4G complex controls protein synthesis in skeletal muscle when the amino acid concentration is above the physiological range, whereas removal of leucine reduces protein synthesis through changes in both eIF2B and eIF4E.","PeriodicalId":7590,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Physiology","volume":"277 6","pages":"E1077-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1152/ajpendo.1999.277.6.E1077","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21457769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 110

Cyclosporin-induced dyslipoproteinemia is associated with selective activation of SREBP-2. 环孢素诱导的脂蛋白异常血症与SREBP-2的选择性激活有关。

American Journal of Physiology Pub Date : 1999-12-01 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.1999.277.6.E1087

J Wu, Y H Zhu, S B Patel

{"title":"Cyclosporin-induced dyslipoproteinemia is associated with selective activation of SREBP-2.","authors":"J Wu, Y H Zhu, S B Patel","doi":"10.1152/ajpendo.1999.277.6.E1087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1999.277.6.E1087","url":null,"abstract":"The use of cyclosporin A has contributed greatly to the success of organ transplantation. However, cyclosporin-associated side effects of hypertension, nephrotoxicity, and dyslipoproteinemia have tempered these benefits. Cyclosporin-induced dyslipoproteinemia may be an important risk factor for the accelerated atherosclerosis observed posttransplantation. Using a mouse model, we treated Swiss-Webster mice for 6 days with a daily dose of 20 microg/g body wt of cyclosporin and observed significant elevations of plasma cholesterol, triglyceride, and apolipoprotein B (apoB) levels relative to vehicle-alone treated control animals. Measurement of the rate of secretion of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) by the liver in vivo showed that cyclosporin treatment led to a significant increase in the rate of hepatic VLDL triglyceride secretion. Total apoB secretion was unaffected. Northern analysis showed that cyclosporin A treatment increased the abundance of hepatic mRNA levels for a number of key genes involved in cholesterol biosynthesis relative to vehicle-alone treated animals. Two key transcriptional factors, sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)-1 and SREBP-2, also showed differential expression; SREBP-2 expression was increased at the mRNA level, and there was an increase in the active nuclear form, whereas the mRNA and the nuclear form of SREBP-1 were reduced. These results show that the molecular mechanisms by which cyclosporin causes dyslipoproteinemia may, in part, be mediated by selective activation of SREBP-2, leading to enhanced expression of lipid metabolism genes and hepatic secretion of VLDL triglyceride.","PeriodicalId":7590,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Physiology","volume":"277 6","pages":"E1087-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1152/ajpendo.1999.277.6.E1087","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21457770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 38

A force transducer for measuring mechanical properties of single cardiac myocytes. 用于测量单个心肌细胞机械特性的力传感器。

American Journal of Physiology Pub Date : 1999-12-01 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.1999.277.6.H2400

C Tasche, E Meyhöfer, B Brenner

{"title":"A force transducer for measuring mechanical properties of single cardiac myocytes.","authors":"C Tasche, E Meyhöfer, B Brenner","doi":"10.1152/ajpheart.1999.277.6.H2400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1999.277.6.H2400","url":null,"abstract":"We have described a transducer design capable of recording forces generated by single cardiac myocytes with sufficient temporal resolution to detect force responses to rapid length changes. Our force sensors were made from thin steel foils that act as cantilevers whose bending is monitored by reflection off a laser beam. Deflection of the laser beam is measured by a differential photodiode detector. A small, 50-micron-thick tungsten needle attached to the free end of the steel foil allowed us to glue single cardiac cells to the force transducer. The transducers have compliances of approximately 0.02 m/N and resonance frequencies between 2 and 3 kHz. The resolution is approximately 18 nN rms at a detector bandwidth of 16 kHz, so we were able to resolve 0.2% of the maximum isometric force ( approximately 12 microN) developed by a single cardiac myocyte. We have demonstrated that the transducer is well suited to analysis of mechanical properties of single ventricular myocytes, for example, the recording of isometric forces and rate constants of force redevelopment after rapid release-restretch maneuvers.","PeriodicalId":7590,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Physiology","volume":"277 6","pages":"H2400-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1152/ajpheart.1999.277.6.H2400","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21457776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Potassium secretion and the regulation of distal nephron K channels. 钾的分泌和远端肾素K通道的调节。

American Journal of Physiology Pub Date : 1999-12-01 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.1999.277.6.F821

L G Palmer

引用次数: 72

Rates of small intestinal mucosal protein synthesis in human jejunum and ileum. 人空肠和回肠小肠黏膜蛋白合成率。

American Journal of Physiology Pub Date : 1999-12-01 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.1999.277.6.E1028

I M Nakshabendi, R McKee, S Downie, R I Russell, M J Rennie

{"title":"Rates of small intestinal mucosal protein synthesis in human jejunum and ileum.","authors":"I M Nakshabendi, R McKee, S Downie, R I Russell, M J Rennie","doi":"10.1152/ajpendo.1999.277.6.E1028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1999.277.6.E1028","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated possible differences in the rates of mucosal protein synthesis between the proximal and distal regions of the small intestine. We took advantage of access to the gut mucosa available in otherwise healthy patients with ileostomy in whom the terminal ileum was histologically normal. All subjects received primed, continuous intravenous infusions of L-[1-(13)C]leucine after an overnight fast. After 4 h of tracer infusion, jejunal biopsies were obtained using a Crosby-Kugler capsule introduced orally; ileal biopsies were obtained via endoscopy via the ileostomy. Protein synthesis was calculated from protein labeling relative to intracellular leucine enrichment obtained by appropriate mass spectrometric measurements. Rates of jejunal and ileal mucosal protein synthesis were significantly different (P < 0.001) at 2.14 +/- 0.2 and 1.2 +/- 0.2 %/h (means +/- SD). These are lower than rates in normal healthy duodenum (2.53 +/- 0.25 %/h), suggesting a gradation of rates of synthesis along the bowel. Together with other data, these results suggest that mucosae of the bowel contribute not more than 10% to whole body protein turnover.","PeriodicalId":7590,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Physiology","volume":"277 6","pages":"E1028-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1152/ajpendo.1999.277.6.E1028","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21457865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 41

Cardiopulmonary baroreceptor control of muscle sympathetic nerve activity in heat-stressed humans. 热应激人的心肺压力感受器对肌肉交感神经活动的控制。

American Journal of Physiology Pub Date : 1999-12-01 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.1999.277.6.h2348

C G Crandall, R A Etzel, D B Farr

{"title":"Cardiopulmonary baroreceptor control of muscle sympathetic nerve activity in heat-stressed humans.","authors":"C G Crandall, R A Etzel, D B Farr","doi":"10.1152/ajpheart.1999.277.6.h2348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1999.277.6.h2348","url":null,"abstract":"Whole body heating decreases central venous pressure (CVP) while increasing muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA). In normothermia, similar decreases in CVP elevate MSNA, presumably via cardiopulmonary baroreceptor unloading. The purpose of this project was to identify whether increases in MSNA during whole body heating could be attributed to cardiopulmonary baroreceptor unloading coincident with the thermal challenge. Seven subjects were exposed to whole body heating while sublingual temperature, skin blood flow, heart rate, arterial blood pressure, and MSNA were monitored. During the heat stress, 15 ml/kg warmed saline was infused intravenously over 7-10 min to increase CVP and load the cardiopulmonary baroreceptors. We reported previously that this amount of saline was sufficient to return CVP to pre-heat stress levels. Whole body heating increased MSNA from 25 +/- 3 to 39 +/- 3 bursts/min (P < 0. 05). Central blood volume expansion via rapid saline infusion did not significantly decrease MSNA (44 +/- 4 bursts/min, P > 0.05 relative to heat stress period) and did not alter mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) or pulse pressure. To identify whether arterial baroreceptor loading decreases MSNA during heat stress, in a separate protocol MAP was elevated via steady-state infusion of phenylephrine during whole body heating. Increasing MAP from 82 +/- 3 to 93 +/- 4 mmHg (P < 0.05) caused MSNA to decrease from 36 +/- 3 to 15 +/- 4 bursts/min (P < 0.05). These data suggest that cardiopulmonary baroreceptor unloading during passive heating is not the primary mechanism resulting in elevations in MSNA. Moreover, arterial baroreceptors remain capable of modulating MSNA during heat stress.","PeriodicalId":7590,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Physiology","volume":"277 6 Pt 2","pages":"H2348-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1152/ajpheart.1999.277.6.h2348","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21457873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

Role of capillaries in determining CBF reserve: new insights using myocardial contrast echocardiography. 毛细血管在确定CBF储备中的作用:使用心肌超声造影的新见解。

American Journal of Physiology Pub Date : 1999-12-01 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.1999.277.6.H2363

A R Jayaweera, K Wei, M Coggins, J P Bin, C Goodman, S Kaul

{"title":"Role of capillaries in determining CBF reserve: new insights using myocardial contrast echocardiography.","authors":"A R Jayaweera, K Wei, M Coggins, J P Bin, C Goodman, S Kaul","doi":"10.1152/ajpheart.1999.277.6.H2363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1999.277.6.H2363","url":null,"abstract":"To define the role of capillaries in the control of coronary blood flow (CBF) reserve, we developed a model of the coronary circulation and evaluated experimental data in its context. Our model comprised three compartments connected in series (arterial, capillary, and venous), each with its own resistance. The resistance in each vascular compartment was derived from the model based on hemodynamic data obtained in nine dogs during baseline and stenosis, both at rest and during hyperemia. The capillary hydrostatic pressure was assumed to be constant in all stages. Although in the absence of stenosis, the contribution of capillaries to total myocardial vascular resistance was only 25 +/- 5% at rest, it increased to 75 +/- 14% during hyperemia, despite the total myocardial vascular resistance decreasing by 51 +/- 13%. In the presence of a noncritical stenosis, total myocardial vascular resistance decreased by 22 +/- 10% at rest, with no change in capillary resistance. During hyperemia, total myocardial vascular resistance increased by 58 +/- 50% in the presence of the noncritical stenosis. In this situation, because arteriolar and venular resistances were already minimal, the increase in myocardial vascular resistance was due to increased capillary resistance, making it the predominant source (84 +/- 8%) of total myocardial vascular resistance. Myocardial video intensity (VI) on myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE), which reflects capillary blood volume, decreased distal to the stenosis during hyperemia. In the presence of a flow-limiting stenosis at rest, myocardial VI also decreased, indicating that decrease in CBF was associated with an increase in capillary resistance. Our findings also provide an alternative explanation for the critical coronary closing pressure. Thus, contrary to previously held notions, capillaries play a vital role in the regulation of CBF.","PeriodicalId":7590,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Physiology","volume":"277 6","pages":"H2363-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1152/ajpheart.1999.277.6.H2363","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21457875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 184

Control of pulmonary surfactant secretion from type II pneumocytes isolated from the lizard Pogona vitticeps. 玻璃钢蜥蜴ⅱ型肺细胞肺表面活性物质分泌的控制。

American Journal of Physiology Pub Date : 1999-12-01 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.1999.277.6.R1705

P G Wood, O V Lopatko, S Orgeig, J R Codd, C B Daniels

{"title":"Control of pulmonary surfactant secretion from type II pneumocytes isolated from the lizard Pogona vitticeps.","authors":"P G Wood, O V Lopatko, S Orgeig, J R Codd, C B Daniels","doi":"10.1152/ajpregu.1999.277.6.R1705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1999.277.6.R1705","url":null,"abstract":"Pulmonary surfactant, a mixture consisting of lipids and proteins and secreted by type II cells, functions to reduce the surface tension of the fluid lining of the lung, and thereby decreases the work of breathing. In mammals, surfactant secretion appears to be influenced primarily by the sympathetic nervous system and changes in ventilatory pattern. The parasympathetic nervous system is not believed to affect surfactant secretion in mammals. Very little is known about the factors that control surfactant secretion in nonmammalian vertebrates. Here, a new methodology for the isolation and culture of type II pneumocytes from the lizard Pogona vitticeps is presented. We examined the effects of the major autonomic neurotransmitters, epinephrine (Epi) and ACh, on total phospholipid (PL), disaturated PL (DSP), and cholesterol (Chol) secretion. At 37 degrees C, only Epi stimulated secretion of total PL and DSP from primary cultures of lizard type II cells, and secretion was blocked by the beta-adrenoreceptor antagonist propranolol. Neither of the agonists affected Chol secretion. At 18 degrees C, Epi and ACh both stimulated DSP and PL secretion but not Chol secretion. The secretion of surfactant Chol does not appear to be under autonomic control. It appears that the secretion of surfactant PL is predominantly controlled by the autonomic nervous system in lizards. The sympathetic nervous system may control surfactant secretion at high temperatures, whereas the parasympathetic nervous system may predominate at lower body temperatures, stimulating surfactant secretion without elevating metabolic rate.","PeriodicalId":7590,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Physiology","volume":"277 6","pages":"R1705-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1152/ajpregu.1999.277.6.R1705","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21457879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 24

Generation of superoxide in cardiomyocytes during ischemia before reperfusion. 缺血再灌注前心肌细胞超氧化物的产生。

American Journal of Physiology Pub Date : 1999-12-01 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.1999.277.6.H2240

L B Becker, T L vanden Hoek, Z H Shao, C Q Li, P T Schumacker

{"title":"Generation of superoxide in cardiomyocytes during ischemia before reperfusion.","authors":"L B Becker, T L vanden Hoek, Z H Shao, C Q Li, P T Schumacker","doi":"10.1152/ajpheart.1999.277.6.H2240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1999.277.6.H2240","url":null,"abstract":"Although a burst of oxidants has been well described with reperfusion, less is known about the oxidants generated by the highly reduced redox state and low O(2) of ischemia. This study aimed to further identify the species and source of these oxidants. Cardiomyocytes were exposed to 1 h of simulated ischemia while oxidant generation was assessed by intracellular dihydroethidine (DHE) oxidation. Ischemia increased DHE oxidation significantly (0.7 +/- 0.1 to 2.3 +/- 0.3) after 1 h. Myxothiazol (mitochondrial site III inhibitor) attenuated oxidation to 1.3 +/- 0.1, as did the site I inhibitors rotenone (1.0 +/- 0.1), amytal (1.1 +/- 0.1), and the flavoprotein oxidase inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium (0.9 +/- 0.1). By contrast, the site IV inhibitor cyanide, as well as inhibitors of xanthine oxidase (allopurinol), nitric oxide synthase (nitro-L-arginine methyl ester), and NADPH oxidase (apocynin), had no effect. Finally, DHE oxidation increased with Cu- and Zn-containing superoxide dismutase (SOD) inhibition using diethyldithiocarbamate (2.7 +/- 0.1) and decreased with exogenous SOD (1.1 +/- 0.1). We conclude that significant superoxide generation occurs during ischemia before reperfusion from the ubisemiquinone site of the mitochondrial electron transport chain.","PeriodicalId":7590,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Physiology","volume":"277 6","pages":"H2240-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1152/ajpheart.1999.277.6.H2240","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21458560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 426