Bulletin of animal health and production in Africa. Bulletin des sante et production animales en Afrique最新文献

{"title":"Factors influencing investment in commercial pig production on Swazi Nation Land.","authors":"M. Mabuza, T. Ngubane","doi":"10.4314/BAHPA.V58I1.57065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/BAHPA.V58I1.57065","url":null,"abstract":"Commercial pig production in Swaziland is one viable enterprise that has not been fully exploited by rural farmers despite the level of support from Government, private sector and international agencies. The aim of this study was to identify the factors influencing household decisions to invest in commercial pig production on Swazi Nation Land, using Lubombo region as a case study. Following a systematic sampling procedure, 124 households were interviewed to identify variables that influence their decisions on whether or not to invest in commercial pig production. Using a binary logistic regression model the analytical results revealed that the decisions are significantly influenced by gender of household head, level of education, employment status, household size, frequency of contact with extension officers and the proximity of a reliable water source. In terms of key policy interventions, the study underlined the importance of increasing investment in water harvesting projects and improving the Piggery extension service. Future interventions in the agriculture sector should not overlook the role played by women in pursuing the goal of achieving household food security through agricultural production. Key words: Swazi Nation Land, commercial, investment, pig production, food security","PeriodicalId":75643,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of animal health and production in Africa. Bulletin des sante et production animales en Afrique","volume":"58 1","pages":"79-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70487117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation de la séroprévalence de la trypanosomose bovine en Guinée","authors":"A. Barry, F. Roger, S. Geerts","doi":"10.4314/BAHPA.V57I4.51685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/BAHPA.V57I4.51685","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Barry A.M., Roger F., Diallo M.B., Geerts S. Evaluation of Cattle Trypanosomosis Seroprevalence in GuineaAn evaluation of trypanosomosis prevalence was carried out in Guinea on sera originating from the serum bank of the vet-erinary laboratory of the National Livestock Services. Nine hundred and twenty-eight sera sampled on N’dama cattle were randomly selected and analyzed for antibody and anti-gen detection of Trypanosoma spp. Results obtained in the first test revealed Trypanosoma spp. antibodies in 67% of the cat-tle, with rates of 72% in the High Guinea area, 68% in Lower Guinea, 63% in Forest Guinea, and 62% in Middle Guinea. Among the animals, 69% of the females were infected or had been in contact with the infectious agent, against 62% of the males. The animals were infected regardless of their age. Infec-tion rates were 71, 43, 61, 63, 59, and 74% in cattle under one year of age, 1-2 years old, 2-3 years old, 3-4 years old, 4-5 years old, over 5 years old, respectively. The second test showed the presence of antigens against","PeriodicalId":75643,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of animal health and production in Africa. Bulletin des sante et production animales en Afrique","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70487051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors influencing prevalence of trypanosomosis in orma boran (trypanotolerant) and teso zebu (trypanosusceptible) crosses in Teso district, western Kenya","authors":"J. Gachohi, B. Bett, G. A. Murill","doi":"10.4314/BAHPA.V57I4.51676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/BAHPA.V57I4.51676","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to determine factors associated with occurrence of trypanosomosis in the first generation (F1) crossbreds between trypanotolerant Orma Boran and trypanosusceptible Teso zebu cattle in a trypanosomosis endemic area in Teso District, western Kenya. The offspring were screened for trypanosomosis and other haemoparasites using parasitological methods. Packed cell volume (PCV), body weights and tsetse density (FTD) were also determined. Factors considered in the analysis included sex, age, body weight and season of the year. Generalized linear mixed models were used for multivariable analysis to account for clustering of observations at the animal level and estimate outcome variance parameters. The overall trypanosomosis prevalence was 2.3% (n=477) probably corresponding to low FTD in the area ( Key words: Trypanosomosis; Orma-Teso zebu offspring; Trypanotolerance; western Kenya.","PeriodicalId":75643,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of animal health and production in Africa. Bulletin des sante et production animales en Afrique","volume":"57 1","pages":"327-338"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70486886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feed intake, nutrient digestibility and nitrogen utilization of graded levels of moringa and bamboo leaves by West African Dwarf Goats.","authors":"V. Asaolu, S. Odeyinka, O. Akinbamijo, F. G. Sodeinde","doi":"10.4314/BAHPA.V57I4.51682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/BAHPA.V57I4.51682","url":null,"abstract":"Feed intake, nutrient digesti==bility and nitrogen utilization studies were carried out on Moringa oleifera (M) and Oxytenanthera abysinnica (bamboo) (B) leaves as follows; 100M, 75M:25B, 50M:50B 25M:75B and 100B, with 20 WAD goats, using a randomized complete block design. Moringa inclusion at all levels significantly (P 0.05) differences in DM, OM and NFE digestibilities at the three Moringa inclusion levels. CP digestibility was significantly (P 0.05) difference observed between 100M and 75M:25B. The nitrogen that was lost in the urine relative to total nitrogen intake decreased significantly (P Key words : Moringa, bamboo, West African Dwarf goats, feed intake, nutrient digestibility, nitrogen utilization.","PeriodicalId":75643,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of animal health and production in Africa. Bulletin des sante et production animales en Afrique","volume":"57 1","pages":"361-368"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70486993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological and biochemical studies on bovine anaplamosis in Dakahlia and Demiatta governorates in Egypt.","authors":"E. Younis, N. Hegazy, W. El-Deeb, R. El-Khatib","doi":"10.4314/BAHPA.V57I4.51668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/BAHPA.V57I4.51668","url":null,"abstract":"This study whose objective was to determine epidemiological, clinical and biochemical characteristics of bovine anaplasmosis was carried out into two phases. The first phase was carried out in November 2005 to October 2006 . The prevalence of bovine anaplasmosis was determined using thin blood film and IFT and the associated risk factors such as age, season and farm system were determined. In addition, evaluation CBC and oxidant-antioxidants markers in A. marginale infected cattle was also undertaken. Of the 3310 cattle examined during the first pahse 136 were suspected to have anaplasmosis.. Of this, 85.2% (116/136) and 89.7% (122/136) were positive for A. marginale by thin blood smear test and by IFT, respectively. The total prevalence were 3.5% and 3.68% on the basis of blood film and IFT respectively. In relation to season, the highest prevalence was recorded in summer 5.7 % and 5.9 % for stained blood film and IFT respectively. While animal aged between 1-3 years showed highest prevalence. The rural farms showed high prevalence in comparison with modern farms 11.5% and 0.45% respectively. There was significant decrease (p=0.05) in Hb, RBC and PCV in animals with anaplasmosis compared to healthy ones. Oxidant-antioxidants markers estimation revealed significant (p=0.05) elevation of oxidant markers and decreased levels of antioxidant markers in infected cattle. The second phase was carried out from November, 2006 to October, 2007 on 35 rural farms and 5 modern farms to estimate the Anaplasma marginale enzootic stability. Unstable situation of Anaplasma marginale in rural farms, and minimal situation disease in modern farms were recorded. The different Anaplasma marginale situation in the district needs more attentionin regard to translocation of the calves from modern farms to rural farms as well as during vaccination for other diseases especially when single needles are used for vaccinating multiple animals. Keyword : Anaplasma marginale, prevalence, enzootic situation, oxidative stress","PeriodicalId":75643,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of animal health and production in Africa. Bulletin des sante et production animales en Afrique","volume":"57 1","pages":"297-309"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70486817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminary evaluation of Moringa oleifera and Oxytenanthera abyssinica (bamboo) leaves as feed supplements for ruminants.","authors":"V. Asaolu, S. Odeyinka, O. Akinbamijo, O. Babayemi, E. Hoffmann","doi":"10.4314/BAHPA.V57I4.51681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/BAHPA.V57I4.51681","url":null,"abstract":"M oringa oleifera (M) and Oxytenanthera abyssinica (bamboo; B) leaves were evaluated as follows; 100%M, 75%M:25%B, 50%M:50%B, 25%M:75%B and 100%B, as feed supplements for ruminants. In-vitro gas production volumes (+/-polyethylene glycol, PEG) were measured to evaluate the effects of probable condensed tannins. OMD (%), ME (MJ/kg DM) and SCFA (mmol/40ml) were predicted. All the fodder combinations contained more than 8%CP; the minimum necessary to provide the minimum NH3 levels required by rumen microorganisms. Moringa inclusion at all levels resulted in ADF and NDF values that could promote voluntary dry matter intake and its digestibility. Significant (P 0.05) effects were observed. 75%M:25%B and 50%M:50%B fodder combinations show promise as protein supplements, particularly during the dry season in the tropics, when available feedstuffs for ruminants are usually devoid of most essential nutrients, particularly nitrogen. Key words : Moringa oleifera, Oxytenanthera abyssinica , feed supplements, rumen fluid, polyethylene glycol, ruminants","PeriodicalId":75643,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of animal health and production in Africa. Bulletin des sante et production animales en Afrique","volume":"57 1","pages":"349-360"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70486984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bovine mastitis and its associated risk factors in lactating cows in Wolayta Soddo, Southern Ethiopia.","authors":"T. Tolosa, Zelalem Gebretsedik, F. Regassa","doi":"10.4314/BAHPA.V57I4.51669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/BAHPA.V57I4.51669","url":null,"abstract":"A cross-sectional study of bovine mastitis was conducted on 275 lactating cows from November 2007 to April 2008 to estimate the prevalence of mastitis and to determine the pathogens causing mastitis with the associated risk factors. Diagnosis was based on clinical examination of the udder and milk and the use of White Side Test (WST) as a screening test for subclinical mastitis. The overall prevalence of bovine mastitis was 27.3% with clinical and subclinical mastitis contributing 9.5 % and 23.4 %, respectively. Significant (P Keywords: Bovine mastitis, White Side Test, risk factors, Wolayta Soddo, Ethiopia.","PeriodicalId":75643,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of animal health and production in Africa. Bulletin des sante et production animales en Afrique","volume":"57 1","pages":"311-319"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70486860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prevalence of antibodies against SAT1 foot-and-mouth disease virus in cattle in Khartoum state: epidemiological significance.","authors":"Y. Raouf, B. H. Ali, S. M. Khair, A. Amin","doi":"10.4314/BAHPA.V57I4.51680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/BAHPA.V57I4.51680","url":null,"abstract":"Two hundred and eleven sera collected in 2005 from cattle in Khartoum state, in Central Sudan, were examined for antibodies against SAT1 serotype of foot-and-mouth disease virus using the liquid-phase blocking ELISA. The ELISA was modified for the single dilution test by using an optimum antigen dose that produced parallel serum titration curves. Precision and reproducibility of the assay were compared with the recently developed solid phase competition ELISA. Sera were obtained from both; local and cross bred cattle. Twenty sera were found to be positive with a prevalence of 9.5 at an absolute accuracy of 4. The low prevalence and the focal distribution of positive sera suggested a very low incidence of SAT1 type virus. Since the virus has long existed in Sudan and Khartoum, a perpetuation cycle that got SAT1 types of virus less virulent to cattle is proposed.","PeriodicalId":75643,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of animal health and production in Africa. Bulletin des sante et production animales en Afrique","volume":"57 1","pages":"339-347"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70486924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Tsetse situation in the Kachia grazing reserve, northwest, Nigeria","authors":"F. Enwezor, S. Shaida, G. A. Omoogun, J. U. Umoh, K. Esievo","doi":"10.4314/BAHPA.V57I4.51684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/BAHPA.V57I4.51684","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75643,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of animal health and production in Africa. Bulletin des sante et production animales en Afrique","volume":"38 1","pages":"369-371"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70487005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of homologous peste des petits ruminants vaccine on sheep and goats at dengi, plateau state, Nigeria","authors":"B. Muhammad, M. K. Mohammed, A. M. Abdussamad","doi":"10.4314/BAHPA.V57I4.51673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/BAHPA.V57I4.51673","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of homologous peste des petits ruminants vaccine (HPPRV) on flock size, morbidity and mortality in sheep and goats was determined in five locations, Unguwan Goje, Bayan Fada, Lowcost, Kyamsangi, and Bagyar, in Dengi, Kanam Local Government Area of Plateau State. Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and Counter Immunoelectro-osmo-phoresis (CIEOP) techniques were used to confirm the incidence of the disease. Pre- and post-vaccination data on flock size, morbidity and mortality were collected through surveys and personal interviews. Majority (80%) of goats aged less than 1 year showed signs of the disease while no incidence was recorded on sheep of the same age. A statistically significant (p Key words : Peste des petits ruminants, homologous PPR vaccine, sheep and goats.","PeriodicalId":75643,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of animal health and production in Africa. Bulletin des sante et production animales en Afrique","volume":"61 1","pages":"321-326"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70486874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}