Bulletin of animal health and production in Africa. Bulletin des sante et production animales en Afrique最新文献

{"title":"Dicephalus and diprosopus foetuses: Gross and radiological observations in White Fulani cattle in Nigeria","authors":"OL Ajayi, OO Kehinde, AK Akinloye, SA Olurode, OO Adebowale","doi":"10.4314/BAHPA.V60I4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/BAHPA.V60I4","url":null,"abstract":"A study was conducted to investigate the relationships between milk yield, body condition score (BCS), plasma concentrations of insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) and the resumption of ovarian cyclicity in Sanga cows. Sixteen multiparous Sanga cows were grazed extensively on natural pasture. Cows were weighed monthly and scored for body condition weekly using a 9-point score (1= very thin and 9 = obese). Milk yield was determined daily. Blood samples were taken from cows once every week, from week 1 to 13 postpartum and processed for plasma. Resumption of postpartum ovarian cyclicity in cows was determined by measuring plasma progesterone concentrations from week 1 to 13 (90 days) postpartum. The cows were classified as having resumed ovarian cyclicity when progesterone concentration of .1.0 ng/mL was recorded in two consecutive weekly samples. Based on the resumption of ovarian activity, cows were classified as early cycling (. 45 days postpartum), late cycling (46-90 days postpartum) or non-cycling (no resumption by 90 days postpartum). The concentration of IGF-I was measured from week 1 to 10 in plasma samples. Results from the present study indicate that 37.5% of cows commenced ovarian cyclicity earlier, 31.25% commenced ovarian cyclicity later, while 31.25% failed to resume ovarian cyclicity within the period of study. BCS was significantly greater (P < 0.05) in early cycling (5.12) or late cycling (5.11) cows than non-cycling (4.69) cows. Milk yield was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in late cycling (1.09 } 0.01 L/day) or non-cycling (1.10 } 0.01 L/day) cows than in early cycling cows (1.02 } 0.01 L/day). Early cycling (23.2 } 1.26 ng/mL) or late cycling (19.5 } 1.38 ng/mL) cows had greater (P < 0.05) plasma concentrations of IGF-I than non-cycling cows (14.7 } 1.38 ng/mL). Cows had poor metabolic status. Higher plasma concentrations of IGF-I in the early postpartum period were associated with early resumption of ovarian cyclicity in cows. Key words : Body condition score, insulin-like growth factor-I, ovarian cyclicity, Sanga cow","PeriodicalId":75643,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of animal health and production in Africa. Bulletin des sante et production animales en Afrique","volume":"60 1","pages":"562-566"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70488323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Appraisal of the Use of Vaccination for Disease Prevention in Poultry in Ibadan, Nigeria","authors":"O. Ishola","doi":"10.4314/BAHPA.V60I1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/BAHPA.V60I1","url":null,"abstract":"It has become almost practically impossible to engage in commercial poultry production without the challenges of diseases. Farmers therefore, have intensified efforts on various preventive measures including vaccination but with varying degree of success. This study was undertaken to assess the use and effectiveness of vaccination as a disease preventive measure in poultry. Structured questionnaires were administered to thirty poultry farmers randomly selected from Ibadan, Nigeria. Questions asked included those on the disease prevention strategies, source and types of vaccines, vaccination schedule and effectiveness of vaccination exercise in relation to frequency of disease outbreaks among others. Results showed that all the farmers practiced multiple preventive measures; 87% of them regularly vaccinate their chickens. Chickens were vaccinated against Marek’s, Newcastle, Gumboro (IBDV), Coccidiosis, Fowl Pox, Fowl Typhoid, Infectious Coryza, Chronic respiratory disease and Fowl Cholera by 100%, 100%, 80%, 68%, 60%, 4%, 4%, 4% and 4% of the farmers respectively. From the 25 farmers that responded, 60% (15) used mainly imported vaccines while other farmers used local vaccines produced by the National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria. Vaccination still remains a very effective method of disease control since most of the farms that carried out vaccination reported no disease outbreaks.","PeriodicalId":75643,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of animal health and production in Africa. Bulletin des sante et production animales en Afrique","volume":"60 1","pages":"19-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70487968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The benefits of the PCR-its/filter paper in the diagnosis of parasites and chemoresistant trypanosomes","authors":"E. Talaki, I. Sidibé, O. Diall, A. Zoungrana, A. Belem, L. Pangui","doi":"10.4314/BAHPA.V60I3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/BAHPA.V60I3","url":null,"abstract":"The most reliable diagnosis method of animal trypanosomoses often used is the microscopic examination for motile trypanosomes. However, the sensitivity of this method remains relatively lower than the classic PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). This latter, besides of its high cost, requires some conditions which sometimes are difficult to apply on the field (conservation of samples at +4°C or -20°C). In this study, buffy coat (BCT) specimens were dotted on the filter paper and conserved during 12 months (September 2004 - October 2005) at ambient temperature until their treatment with Chelex® 5%. Samples were tested using unique “pantrypanosomique” PCR with ITS (Internal Transcribed Spacer) primers. This PCR using polyspecific primers indicated parasitological prevalences of 1.2 to 6.2 times higher than those recorded by the microscopic analysis of the buffy coat on the same samples. Beside the mixed infections which could be detected by one PCR reaction, this method could also distinguish Trypanosoma congolense savanna type from Trypanosoma congolense forest type. The gain of sensitivity and the easy conservation of samples in this method could be used for the detection of the  chemoresistance in low parasitological prevalence areas.","PeriodicalId":75643,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of animal health and production in Africa. Bulletin des sante et production animales en Afrique","volume":"60 1","pages":"257-264"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70488155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Respiratory Disease Associated with Mannheimia Haemolytica Infection in a Herd of West African Dwarf Sheep","authors":"M. Olaniyi, M. Oyekunle, OL Ajayi, S. Omotainse, A. Sonibare, A. Talabi, O. O. Alaka","doi":"10.4314/BAHPA.V60I2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/BAHPA.V60I2","url":null,"abstract":"An acute severe fibrinonecrotic bronchopneumonia suggestive of Mannheimia haemolytica infection was diagnosed histopathologically in West African Dwarf (WAD) sheep submitted to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital (VTH), University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria. Mannheimia spp was isolated from the nasal swab and lymph node and lung samples of the affected sheep. The isolated organism was found to have cultural, morphological and biochemical properties consistent with those of Mannheimia haemolytica biotype A. The organism was resistance to ampicilin, streptomycin, gentamcycin, oxytetracyclin and trimethoprim in agar disc diffusion method. It was however sensitive to furazolidone, ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin. The present finding is consistent with the view that M. haemolytica may occur in a proportion of small ruminants that exhibit respiratory problem. It is therefore suggested that in the present natural outbreak, climatic condition, environmental and/or transportation stress could have resulted in the break down of the defense barrier of the sheep resulting in eventual susceptibility to infection by Mannheimia haemolytica . Une bronchopneumonie fibrinonecrotique aigue severe, evocatrice d’une infection a Mannheimia haemolytica , a ete diagnostiquee par examen histopathologique chez des moutons nains d’Afrique de l’Ouest (WAD: West African Dwarf) soumis a l’Hopital d’enseignement veterinaire (VTH) de l’Universite d’Agriculture d’Abeokuta au Nigeria. Mannheimia spp a ete isolee dans des ecouvillons nasaux et des ganglions lymphatiques et des echantillons pulmonaires des moutons affectes. On a decouvert que l’organisme isole avait des specificites de culture et des caracteristiques morphologiques et biochimiques correspondant a celles de Mannheimia haemolytica biotype A. L’organisme a montre une resistance a l’ampicilline, a la streptomycine, a la gentamcycine, a l’oxytetracycline et au trimethoprime dans la methode de diffusion en gelose. Cependant, l’organisme a montre une sensibilite a la furazolidone, a la ciprofloxacine et a la norfloxacine. Le present resultat concorde avec l’opinion selon laquelle M. haemolytica peut etre presente dans une proportion de petits ruminants ayant un probleme respiratoire. Il est donc sous-entendu que, dans les epidemies actuelles survenant naturellement, les conditions climatiques, le stress environnemental et / ou le stress du transport ont probablement ete a l’origine de la degradation de la barriere de defense des moutons, avec comme consequence une sensibilite eventuelle a l’infection par Mannheimia haemolytica. Mots-cles : Pathologie des organes; Mannheimia haemolytic a biotype A; Bronchopneumonie fibrinonecrotique aigue; Moutons nains d’Afrique de l’Ouest","PeriodicalId":75643,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of animal health and production in Africa. Bulletin des sante et production animales en Afrique","volume":"60 1","pages":"119-125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70488028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects on performance of growing pigs fed diets containing different levels of cashew nut reject meal","authors":"E. Oddoye, K. Agyente-Badu, V. Anchirina, V. Johnson","doi":"10.4314/BAHPA.V59I1.68411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/BAHPA.V59I1.68411","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75643,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of animal health and production in Africa. Bulletin des sante et production animales en Afrique","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70487858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of aqueous extract of spondias mombin on the spermiogram of wistar rats","authors":"A. Oloye, M. Oyeyemi, O. Ola-Davies, Oa Innamah","doi":"10.4314/BAHPA.V59I1.68412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/BAHPA.V59I1.68412","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75643,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of animal health and production in Africa. Bulletin des sante et production animales en Afrique","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70487914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical, Haematological, Biochemical and Pathological Manifestations of Sub-Acute Toxicity of Nicandra Physaloides (L) Gaertn in Calves","authors":"J. Muthee, J. Mbaria, A. Thaiyah, D. Karanja, D. Gakuya","doi":"10.4314/bahpa.v59i1.68405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/bahpa.v59i1.68405","url":null,"abstract":"Muthee, J K; Mbaria, J M; Thaiyah, A G; Karanja, D N; Gakuya, D W","PeriodicalId":75643,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of animal health and production in Africa. Bulletin des sante et production animales en Afrique","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70487747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Haemo and Ecto-Parasites of Cattle in the Trans-Boundary Areas of Ogun State, Nigeria","authors":"A. Talabi, M. Oyekunle, I. Oyewusi, E. Otesile, G. Adeleke, T. Olusanya","doi":"10.4314/BAHPA.V59I1.68406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/BAHPA.V59I1.68406","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75643,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of animal health and production in Africa. Bulletin des sante et production animales en Afrique","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70487760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact Economique de L’epizootie de Peste Equine de 2007 au Senegal","authors":"A. Akakpo, Wcm Toukam, A. Mankor, C. Ly","doi":"10.4314/BAHPA.V59I1.68403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/BAHPA.V59I1.68403","url":null,"abstract":"Senegal en vue de fournir aux decideurs des arguments pour une strategie de lutte pluriannuelle et durable. L’approche methodologique adoptee est basee sur l’utilisation des donnees secondaires disponibles au niveau du service public et du service prive. Les calculs electroniques et manuels ont ete utilises pour le traitement des donnees et une analyse couts-avantages a ete faite pour comparer les avantages lies a la lutte par rapport au cout de la lutte. L’etude revele que l’epizootie a entraine un total de 1169 morts sur un effectif national de 518212 chevaux estimes et un total de 1357 malades sur un effectif de 517614 chevaux traditionnels estimes. Le cout economique total a ete estime a 896790798 FCFA. Les pertes liees a la mortalite et a la morbidite representent la part la plus importante de ce cout avec 498462665 FCFA, soit 55,58 % du cout economique total. Le reste du cout economique total (398328133 FCFA, soit 44,42 %) est du au cout de controle de la maladie. L’investissement fait au debut de l’epizootie a produit un resultat positif avec un ratio couts-avantages de 1,25. Il ressort de cette etude qu’il est donc possible, a travers une strategie de prevention bien menee, par la vaccination et la lutte contre les vecteurs par exemple, de limiter de facon durable l’impact economique de la peste equine au Senegal.","PeriodicalId":75643,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of animal health and production in Africa. Bulletin des sante et production animales en Afrique","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70487711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of diets supplemented with garlic essential oil and streptomycin sulphate on intestinal microflore and nutrients digestibility of broilers","authors":"F. Dieumou, A. Téguia, J. Kuiaté, J. D. Tamokou, U. Doma, U. Abdullahi, A. Chiroma","doi":"10.4314/BAHPA.V59I1.68414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/BAHPA.V59I1.68414","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75643,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of animal health and production in Africa. Bulletin des sante et production animales en Afrique","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70487995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}