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Archivio di fisiologia最新文献

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[Vitamin A and biological membranes. III. Changes induced by a vitamin A deficient diet on the composition of fatty acids in the membranes of liver mitochondria in albino rats]. 维生素A和生物膜。3维生素a缺乏饮食对白化病大鼠肝线粒体膜脂肪酸组成的影响[j]。
Archivio di fisiologia Pub Date : 1973-12-01
L Carbini, A Padalino, E Dazzi
{"title":"[Vitamin A and biological membranes. III. Changes induced by a vitamin A deficient diet on the composition of fatty acids in the membranes of liver mitochondria in albino rats].","authors":"L Carbini, A Padalino, E Dazzi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75547,"journal":{"name":"Archivio di fisiologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1973-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15905468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Vitamin A and biological membranes. II. Cellular permeability of 2-desoxyglucose in the isolated diaphragm of rats fed for 15, 30 and 60 days with a vitamin A deficient or polyunsaturated fatty acid diet]. 维生素A和生物膜。2以维生素a缺乏或多不饱和脂肪酸饮食喂养15、30和60天的大鼠分离隔膜中2-脱氧葡萄糖的细胞通透性[j]。
Archivio di fisiologia Pub Date : 1973-12-01
L Carbini, A Padalino
{"title":"[Vitamin A and biological membranes. II. Cellular permeability of 2-desoxyglucose in the isolated diaphragm of rats fed for 15, 30 and 60 days with a vitamin A deficient or polyunsaturated fatty acid diet].","authors":"L Carbini, A Padalino","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75547,"journal":{"name":"Archivio di fisiologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1973-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15905467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Methods for grading the strength of passive conditioned avoidance reaction]. [被动条件回避反应强度分级方法]。
Archivio di fisiologia Pub Date : 1973-12-01
G Spinozzi, N Del Grosso, F Robustelli
{"title":"[Methods for grading the strength of passive conditioned avoidance reaction].","authors":"G Spinozzi,&nbsp;N Del Grosso,&nbsp;F Robustelli","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Three methods for obtaining passive avoidance conditioned responses of different strength are described. The first method consists of delayed reinforcement, constituted by a foot-shock, in the conditioning trial. The second method corresponds to the \"detention\" procedure, through which the animal is kept in one part of the apparatus for some time, after the conditioning trial. The third method consists of using foot-shocks of different strength in the conditioning trial. This method, however, is not advisable in most cases, since it produces strong differences in the subjects' level of arousal after conditioning and therefore a different reactivity to the various treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":75547,"journal":{"name":"Archivio di fisiologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1973-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15902899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Afferent proprioreceptive fibers in the rat and their distribution in the dorsal roots]. 大鼠传入本体感受纤维及其在背根的分布。
Archivio di fisiologia Pub Date : 1973-12-01
T Pantaleo, F Calamai
{"title":"[Afferent proprioreceptive fibers in the rat and their distribution in the dorsal roots].","authors":"T Pantaleo,&nbsp;F Calamai","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The distribution in the dorsal roots of proprioceptive afferent fibres from tibialis anterior (TA) and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles of the rat and the physiological characteristics of the related nervous endings have been investigated. Axons of proprioceptive endings from TA and EDL were found mainly in L4, only a few in L5. Afferent proprioceptive fibres from posterior superficial crural muscles (gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris) pass mainly through root L5; axons of extrafusal motor units are distributed in a similar way. Sensory endings in TA and EDL were examined, after identification, by means of their static threshold to passive stretch. Almost all steady-state responses to passive stretch, within the physiological extension range, came from muscle spindles. 1-2 to 20 g loads were necessary to obtain steady-state discharges from these receptors. Spindle endings were classified as primary or secondary by measuring the conduction velocity of the afferent fibres, and according to the features of their passive behaviour. Threshold difference cannot be regarded as a fundamental characteristic, because of the considerable overlapping of the values obtained from the two types of endings. Conduction velocities of 50 to 80 m/sec for primary and of 20 to 40 m/sec for secondary afferent fibres were observed. Afferent fibres conducting at intermediate velocity often behave like primary ones. As a rule, tendon organs showed a higher static threshold to passive stretch; the loads employed only rarely elicited a steady-state response. As for these receptors, which usually showed marked adaptation characteristics, passive force is a less effective stimulus than active contraction. The conduction velocity range of afferent fibres from tendon organs is the same as that of primary afferents. The results are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":75547,"journal":{"name":"Archivio di fisiologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1973-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15484856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Studies on the cardiovascular response to hypoxia]. 心血管对缺氧反应的研究
Archivio di fisiologia Pub Date : 1973-12-01
U Quatrini, M Mazzone
{"title":"[Studies on the cardiovascular response to hypoxia].","authors":"U Quatrini,&nbsp;M Mazzone","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fifty-eight adults, nearly all male, aged between 35 and 50, with slight bronchiopneumopathy in a state of functional compensation, were subjected to hypoxia by rerespiration. Heart rate and oxyhaemoglobin saturation were observed. In nearly all cases, hypoxia caused an increase in heart rate that varied considerably from subject to subject, but seemed more marked between the 1st and 2nd minute after start of the trial. Normalization of heart rate, similarly very variable, reflected the increase phase and was complete in periode varying between 30 and 210 seconds. It may be supposed that as regards heart rate the wide variety of responses to the same stimulus is due to individual states of equilibrium of a predominantly vegetative nature. There was no relation between duration of the hypoxia trial, extent of desaturation and time of resaturation in air because the rate of haemoglobin desaturation and resaturation varied from case to case.</p>","PeriodicalId":75547,"journal":{"name":"Archivio di fisiologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1973-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15904685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Organization of efferent extraspinal sympathetic pathways in Rana esculenta. 林蛙椎外交感神经输出通路的组织。
Archivio di fisiologia Pub Date : 1973-12-01
F Francini, F Urbani
{"title":"Organization of efferent extraspinal sympathetic pathways in Rana esculenta.","authors":"F Francini,&nbsp;F Urbani","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Origin and distribution of pre- and postsynaptic fibres in the sympathetic trunk of Rana esculenta (from ganglion 3 to ganglion 10) have been investigated by means of extracellular recordings. Two systems conducting efferent information appear to exist: 1) a system made of faster conducting fibres (B group pre- and postsynaptic fibres); presynaptic fibres originating from a very high monosegmental source (4th spinal root); postsynaptic fibres leave the sympathetic chain plurisegmentally (rami communicantes 5-10); 2) a system made of slower conducting fibres (C group pre- and postsynaptic fibres) originating plurisegmentally from spinal roots 5-8. Intracellular recordings have shown that: 1) integrative processes take place in the amphibian sympathetic trunk, as in the mammalian one, but are quantitatively lesser. Homonomous (B-B) and heteronomous (B-C) convergence has been observed in B neurons, and also the convergence of a collateral of a C postsynaptic axon on B neurons. 2) posthumous depolarizations are present: these are events modulating the activity of sympathetic neurons. In B neurons posthumous depolarization follows orthodromic responses, and a late posthumous depolarization can be seen in B and C neurons following either ortho- or antidromic stimulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":75547,"journal":{"name":"Archivio di fisiologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1973-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15652362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Carbohydrate metabolism in the bovine carotid artery contracted by the action of potassium chloride]. [在氯化钾作用下收缩的牛颈动脉中的碳水化合物代谢]。
Archivio di fisiologia Pub Date : 1973-12-01
M Laszlo, B Cappelli-Gotzos, G Conti
{"title":"[Carbohydrate metabolism in the bovine carotid artery contracted by the action of potassium chloride].","authors":"M Laszlo,&nbsp;B Cappelli-Gotzos,&nbsp;G Conti","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The concentration of some end products and the activity of some enzymes participating in carbohydrates metabolism were examined in bovine carotid artery contracted by KCl. Oxygen consumption decreased significantly, anaerobic glycolysis and tissue lactic acid content increased during the KCl contraction. The hexosamines and the uronic acids producing ability of the KCl contracted artery were also higher. During contraction the SDH activity decreased in a smaller degree, cytochrome oxydase activity in a much more important degree. On the basis of our results we can conclude that the complete oxydation pathway of carbohydrates degradation, as mucopolysaccharides synthesis and degradation have an important part in the energy metabolism, but anaerobic glycolysis is the most important pathway to produce energy for the KCl contraction of vascular smooth muscle.</p>","PeriodicalId":75547,"journal":{"name":"Archivio di fisiologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1973-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15901161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Conditioning of active type avoidance in the rat : effect of the interval between conditioned stimulus and unconditioned stimulus]. [大鼠主动型回避的条件作用:条件刺激与非条件刺激间隔的影响]。
Archivio di fisiologia Pub Date : 1973-12-01
N Del Grosso, G Spinozzi, F Robustelli
{"title":"[Conditioning of active type avoidance in the rat : effect of the interval between conditioned stimulus and unconditioned stimulus].","authors":"N Del Grosso,&nbsp;G Spinozzi,&nbsp;F Robustelli","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lengthening the time interval between the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus increases the number of active avoidance conditioned responses in subjects that have been trained to a stable level of performance in many previous conditioning sessions. In the present research, rats chosen from a population specially selected for low rates of avoidance conditioning have been used. In addition to this characteristic, subjects were chosen for the exhibition of an apparent absence of retention from one day to another. The dependency of the number of conditioned responses on the time interval between conditioned stimulus and unconditioned stimulus may lead to wrong evaluation of the subjects' conditioning level. In fact, the level of conditioning may be attributed to either learning or memory processes when in many cases it is determined only by the latency time of the conditioned response. The conditioned response has no possibility of manifesting itself when its latency time exceeds in length the time interval between conditioned stimulus and unconditioned stimulus.</p>","PeriodicalId":75547,"journal":{"name":"Archivio di fisiologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1973-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15905469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A study of the feeding and social behaviour of the "Macacus rhesus" monkey after direct electrical stimulation and telestimulation of different points of the amygdala and the hippocampus. 猕猴杏仁核和海马体不同部位直接电刺激和电刺激后的进食和社会行为研究。
Archivio di fisiologia Pub Date : 1973-12-01
S Giammanco, M J Delgado, M A Paderni, A Carollo
{"title":"A study of the feeding and social behaviour of the \"Macacus rhesus\" monkey after direct electrical stimulation and telestimulation of different points of the amygdala and the hippocampus.","authors":"S Giammanco,&nbsp;M J Delgado,&nbsp;M A Paderni,&nbsp;A Carollo","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We examined first the behavior of a single animal (Macacus Rhesus), partially free to move on a Brady chair, before and after direct electrical stimulation of the amygdala and the hippocampus; then the social behavior of two animals, completely free to move in a large behavioral cage, before and after stimulation, by radio, of the amygdala. Certain ventromedial areas of the amygdala have a short and long term inhibitory effect on feeding and social behavior and the hippocampus has a short and long term facilitating effect on feeding behavior, especially during the after discharge.</p>","PeriodicalId":75547,"journal":{"name":"Archivio di fisiologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1973-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15327670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Interventions with drugs on blood deposits]. [用药物干预血液沉积]。
Archivio di fisiologia Pub Date : 1973-12-01
P Zamboni, G Siro-Brigiani, G Renna
{"title":"[Interventions with drugs on blood deposits].","authors":"P Zamboni,&nbsp;G Siro-Brigiani,&nbsp;G Renna","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study is to see if some drugs are able to lodge blood in specific organs, in the Rat. The metodic is the follow: the rat's carotid is connected to a container of saline plasma; the animal is fastened to a balance with central fulcrum; by the relation between the movements of the balance and the liquid entered and come out from the container, because of the action of the drugs on the animal, it is possible to stabilish the part of the body from which the blood is moved. The prevailing effect of 0,25-1 mug/kg doses of isoprenalin is an accumulation of blood in the liver: this blood comes from caudal parts to these organs. The enteramin's effect, for doses of 3-30 mug/kg, is an accumulation of blood in the liver and in the torax. The carbamylcholin's effect, for doses of 1-4 mug/kg, is an accumulation of blood in the abdomen and partially in the liver; this blood comes from cranial parts to the abdomen.</p>","PeriodicalId":75547,"journal":{"name":"Archivio di fisiologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1973-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15901162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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