American journal of orthodontics最新文献

{"title":"Innovations in Public Financing for Family Planning at Subnational Levels: Sustainable Cofinancing Strategies for Family Planning With Nigerian States.","authors":"Victor Igharo, Uduak Ananaba, Olukunle Omotoso, TrishAnn Davis, Mwikali Kioko, Clea Finkle","doi":"10.9745/GHSP-D-22-00242","DOIUrl":"10.9745/GHSP-D-22-00242","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Global declines in donor funding present a substantial threat to development financing in low- and middle-income countries. In Nigeria, the resources required to achieve states' health goals surpass existing government budgets and available donor funding, a shortfall that incentivizes efforts to expand nondonor sources of financing, including public-driven cofinancing models. The Challenge Initiative (TCI) in Nigeria implements a demand-led model wherein 13 state governments requested technical support from TCI to adapt and scale up high-impact family planning and reproductive health (FP/RH) interventions. TCI provides a blend of technical coaching and financial support through the Challenge Fund, a mechanism designed to incentivize domestic funding for FP programming. To qualify as a recipient, states must demonstrate political will, financial commitment, and potential for impact at scale. However, state financial commitments alone are insufficient to guarantee the successful implementation of health scale-up initiatives. For this reason, the TCI Nigeria cofinancing strategy builds positive relations among key actors (donors, implementers, and government) and improves accountability in FP/RH financing. Although there are several donor-led cofinancing primary health care initiatives in Nigeria, such as the Saving One Million Lives Performance for Results project and Basic Healthcare Provision Fund, little is known about the role of government in driving the process specifically for improving domestic FP/RH financing. In Nigeria, state governments, in collaboration with TCI, developed a cofinancing model that helps states meet their FP/RH financing commitments. To promote effectiveness and sustainability, this model operates within an existing state structure, the State Annual Operation Plan. TCI's cofinancing model motivates continuous improvement in state governments' fiscal capacity, using a framework to measure, track, and reward financial and nonfinancial state commitments. Although the model is not a replacement for existing program tracking and monitoring tools, it helps subnational governments better harness their resources to accelerate improvement in FP/RH outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":75476,"journal":{"name":"American journal of orthodontics","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11111108/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77512166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Man of the Year","authors":"J. Jeffries","doi":"10.2307/j.ctt5hjq5s.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt5hjq5s.9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75476,"journal":{"name":"American journal of orthodontics","volume":"9 1","pages":"381 - 382"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68757269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Participation of a coordinating center pharmacy in a multicenter international study.","authors":"Jihyun Esther Jeon, Janet Mighty, Karen Lane, Nichol McBee, Ryan Majkowski, Steven Mayo, Daniel Hanley","doi":"10.2146/ajhp150849","DOIUrl":"10.2146/ajhp150849","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The activities of a coordinating center pharmacy (CCP) supporting a multicenter, international clinical trial are described.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Serving in a research support role comparable to that of a commercial clinical trial supply company, a CCP within the Johns Hopkins Hospital Investigational Drug Service (JHH IDS) uses its management expertise and infrastructure to support multicenter trials, such as the recently completed Clot Lysis: Evaluating Accelerated Resolution of Intraventricular Hemorrhage, Phase III (CLEAR III) trial. The role of the CCP staff in supporting the CLEAR III trial was overall investigational product (IP) management through coordination of IP-related operations to ensure high-quality care for study participants at study sites in the United States and abroad. For the CLEAR III trial, the CCP coordinated IP supply activities; provided education to site pharmacists; developed study-specific documents, including pharmacy manuals; communicated with trial stakeholders, including third-party IP distributors; monitored treatment assignments; and performed quality assurance monitoring to ensure compliance with institutional, state, federal, and international regulations regarding IP procurement and storage. Acting as a CCP for a multicenter international study poses a number of operational challenges while providing opportunities for the CCP to contribute to research of global importance and enrich the skill sets of its personnel.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The development and implementation of the CCP at JHH IDS for the CLEAR III trial included several responsibilities, such as IP supply management, communication, and database, regulatory, and finance management.</p>","PeriodicalId":75476,"journal":{"name":"American journal of orthodontics","volume":"39 1","pages":"1859-1868"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2016-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6188656/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77513970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The agitation-activity interface of people with dementia in long-term care.","authors":"C R Kovach, A M Schlidt","doi":"10.1177/153331750101600410","DOIUrl":"10.1177/153331750101600410","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this study was to examine agitated behaviors of people with dementia relative to time and activity variables. This descriptive study involved a sample of 420 units of 30-minute time periods collected in a long-term care setting. The highest agitation scores occurred during the evening (F = 3.93, p = 0.009). Agitation scores were significantly higher when the same level of activity was sustained for 1.5 hours or longer (p = 0.000). This study suggests that future examination is needed of an intervention to control activity schedules so that there is a balance between sensory-stimulating and sensory-calming activities.</p>","PeriodicalId":75476,"journal":{"name":"American journal of orthodontics","volume":"78 1","pages":"240-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10833987/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74316626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gap-junctional communication between feeder cells and recipient normal epithelial cells correlates with growth stimulation.","authors":"U K Ehmann, S K Calderwood, M A Stevenson","doi":"10.1290/1071-2690(2001)037<0100:GJCBFC>2.0.CO;2","DOIUrl":"10.1290/1071-2690(2001)037<0100:GJCBFC>2.0.CO;2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>LA7 rat mammary tumor cells stimulate the proliferation, in culture, of three normal epithelial cell types, namely mouse mammary, rat mammary, and mouse thymic cells. Gap-junctional communication between LA7 feeders and mouse mammary cells was demonstrated by microinjection of lucifer yellow, which traveled from LA7 to the surrounding mouse mammary cells. The amount of 3H-uridine exchange between feeder and recipient mouse mammary, rat mammary, and mouse thymus cells correlated with the growth rate induced by the feeders. Cells of the Madin Darby canine kidney (MDCK) line, which do not appreciably stimulate mouse mammary cell growth when used as feeder cells, also exchange little 3H-uridine with them. Expression of connexins Cx43, 32, and 26 was studied in all these cell lines and strains by immunocytochemistry. Mouse mammary cells expressed Cx26, and a few mouse thymic cells expressed Cx32. LA7, mouse mammary, mouse thymic, and rat mammary cells all expressed easily detectable amounts of the gap-junction protein Cx43, in contrast to MDCK cells, which expressed only a hint of the protein. These results suggest that gap junctions composed of Cx43 are those by which the normal epithelial cells communicate with the LA feeders. Thus, the ability of feeder cells to stimulate proliferation in recipients correlates with the expression of Cx43 in both members of the feeder/recipient pair and the capacity to form functional gap junctions between these cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":75476,"journal":{"name":"American journal of orthodontics","volume":"49 1","pages":"100-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2001-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1290/1071-2690(2001)037<0100:GJCBFC>2.0.CO;2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74948125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurement of nasal and oral respiration using inductive plethysmography","authors":"Donald W. Warren ,&nbsp;Virginia A. Hinton ,&nbsp;W.Michael Hairfield D.D.S.","doi":"10.1016/0002-9416(86)90005-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0002-9416(86)90005-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The role of nasal respiratory function in oral and facial development remains unclear in spite of the long-standing interest of clinicians. Much of the current controversy stems from our inability to define mouth breathing in objective terms and evaluate nasal airway impairment quantitatively. Recent advances in respiratory monitoring technology provide new opportunities to assess upper airway breathing more objectively. The purpose of this study was to describe a new approach for measuring oral and nasal respiration and to test its reliability. The technique involves inductive plethysmography and the data provide an assessment of respiratory, mode without the need to enclose the subject's head in an airtight box. The data were compared to pneumotachography and the results demonstrate the reliability of the technique.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75476,"journal":{"name":"American journal of orthodontics","volume":"89 6","pages":"Pages 480-484"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0002-9416(86)90005-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14583837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative friction of orthodontic wires under dry and wet conditions","authors":"Jan G. Stannard Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Jeanne M. Gau ,&nbsp;Milford A. Hanna Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/0002-9416(86)90006-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0002-9416(86)90006-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Kinetic coefficients of friction for stainless steel, beta-titanium, nickel-titanium, and cobalt-chromium arch wires were measured on a smooth stainless steel or Teflon surface. A universal materials testing instrument was used to pull 0.017 × 0.025-inch rectangular arch wires through a pneumatically controlled binding surface. Classical friction relationships were evaluated by varying applied normal force—similar to ligature tie force—via this pneumatic control. Coefficients of friction were determined under dry and wet (artificial saliva) conditions. Frictional force values, and thus coefficients of friction, were found to increase with increasing normal force for all materials. Beta-titanium and stainless steel wires sliding against stainless steel, and stainless steel wire on Teflon consistently exhibited the lowest <em>dry</em> friction values. Artificial saliva increased friction for stainless steel, beta-titanium, and nickel-titanium wires sliding against stainless steel. Artificial saliva did not increase friction for cobalt chromium, stainless steel sliding against stainless steel, or stainless steel wire on Teflon compared to the dry condition. Stainless steel and beta-titanium wires sliding against stainless steel and stainless steel wire on Teflon showed the lowest friction values for the <em>wet</em> condition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75476,"journal":{"name":"American journal of orthodontics","volume":"89 6","pages":"Pages 485-491"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0002-9416(86)90006-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14583838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Upper airway pressures during breathing: A comparison of normal and nasally incompetent subjects with modeling studies","authors":"Virginia A. Hinton M.A. ,&nbsp;Donald W. Warren ,&nbsp;W.Michael Hairfield D.D.S","doi":"10.1016/0002-9416(86)90007-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0002-9416(86)90007-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Although there has been considerable interest in the effects of nasal airway impairment on facial growth, the relationship is still unclear. This study examined the effect of nasal airway size on upper airway pressures during breathing. Three phases of data collection were involved. The first phase used a model to describe pressures during simulated normal and impaired respirations. The second phase involved subjects with normal airways, and the third used persons who were judged by an otolaryngologist to be nasally impaired. Aerodynamic assessment techniques were used to measure airway pressures during breathing and to assess nasal airway size. Results of the modeling study suggest that when nasal cross-sectional area is greater than 0.1 cm², pressures associated with breathing are not excessive. These findings also suggest that slight lip opening (2 to 3 mm) would significantly reduce airway pressures. In addition, pressure magnitudes of the normal and nasally impaired groups were similar to the modeling data, and no significant difference in pressures was observed between the two groups. Accordingly, the assumptions that nasally impaired persons generate abnormal breathing pressures and that these pressures directly influence facial growth are questionable.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75476,"journal":{"name":"American journal of orthodontics","volume":"89 6","pages":"Pages 492-498"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0002-9416(86)90007-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14583839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduction of deep overbite and associated changes in the facial skeleton","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/0002-9416(86)90026-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9416(86)90026-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75476,"journal":{"name":"American journal of orthodontics","volume":"89 6","pages":"Page 529"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0002-9416(86)90026-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92220995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An in vitro investigation of lingual bonding","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/0002-9416(86)90027-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9416(86)90027-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75476,"journal":{"name":"American journal of orthodontics","volume":"89 6","pages":"Page 529"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0002-9416(86)90027-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92219977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}