Actas luso-espanolas de neurologia, psiquiatria y ciencias afines最新文献

{"title":"[Sertraline in the treatment of mixed anxiety and depression disorder].","authors":"J L Carrasco,&nbsp;M Díaz-Marsá,&nbsp;J Sáiz","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Mixed anxiety and depression disorder (MAD) has been recognized in ICD-10 as a diagnostic group including those anxious and depressed patients who do not fit criteria for any major axis 1 disorders. Mad is usually treated with a combination on AD and BZD although recent reports suggest that SSRI might have both anxiolytic and AD intrinsic properties.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>36 patients diagnosed of MAD (ICD-10 criteria) underwent treatment with a flexible dose of sertraline for 8 weeks. No BDZ werre allowed during the trial. Efficacy was tested with the Clinical Global Improvement Scale and with changes in Hamilton Depression and Anxiety Scales. Personality scales, including the Cloninger's TCI and the Eysenck's EPQ were used to test the predictive value of personality traits in treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Anxiety was reduced in 55% and depression in 60%. At the 8th week, 27 patients were responder (CGI 1-2). 2 patients discontinued the trial and only one due to adverse events.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Sertraline demonstrated excellent tolerability in these MAD patients, despite the high levels of baseline anxiety in the group. Efficacy was as high as described in patients with major depression. These results warrant further placebo controlled pharmacological trials of SSRI in MAD.</p>","PeriodicalId":75429,"journal":{"name":"Actas luso-espanolas de neurologia, psiquiatria y ciencias afines","volume":"25 3","pages":"141-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20310876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Depersonalization in panic disorders].","authors":"M I Hidalgo Rodrigo,&nbsp;R J Díaz González,&nbsp;A Lana Moliner,&nbsp;I Pena García,&nbsp;M A Hidalgo Rodrigo","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several studies which focus on the clinical study of the panic disorder have shown its clinical variety, subject to individual variations and which, up to a certain point, may justify a different response to the treatment used. In this sense, but focused on the presence of the depersonalization symptom we have directed our study to see if depersonalization is associated to socio-demographic characteristics, clinical and or personality traits which allow us to differentiate two sub-types of this disorder. Twenty-eight patients with panic disorder completed a structured interview which included a list of symptoms from the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III -Upjohn version, together with impairment in social or occupational functions. Fisher's Exact Test and Student's T test were used to analyse the results and showed for depersonalization an earlier onset (p < 0.05) and a more important impairment (p = 0.0021). Thus, the most important conclusion we have reached is an association between depersonalization, an earlier onset of the panic disorder and a more important impairment.</p>","PeriodicalId":75429,"journal":{"name":"Actas luso-espanolas de neurologia, psiquiatria y ciencias afines","volume":"25 3","pages":"167-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20311475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Epidemiological study of attempted suicide managed at the hospital emergency department].","authors":"E Gutiérrez,&nbsp;E Gamo,&nbsp;J Guindeo,&nbsp;J Delgado,&nbsp;E Fuertes,&nbsp;S Juan,&nbsp;P Ordóñez,&nbsp;P Pascual","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The authors investigate psychiatric and sociodemographic characteristics of the patients attended at the emergency department in the General Hospital of Mostoles, after their suicidal intent, and of those who repeated a suicidal intent in the first year of follow-up.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>It is a prospective study, with a duration of one year, in a real sample with 119 patients randomized as a stratified sample from the population attended after their intent. Data recollection was made with a psychiatric semi-structured interview and Beck's letality and suicidal intent scales. Recruitment and follow-up periods were one year long for each of them. Statistical analysis was realized with the chi square test and Fischer's exact test to evaluate associations among cualitative variable and the variance analysis of the relations between qualitative and quantitative variable.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Suicide intent ratio was 82/100,000 inhabitants, being in 83% by medicament ingestion. 71% were women, 66% were between 15 and 30 years old, 50% were unmarried and 12% were separated. 33% suffered from a affective disorder, and 23% were alcohol abusers. 6% of them bad a psycotic disorder. 52% of the patients had previous psychiatric disorders and 43% had been in treatment. 46% of them had someone in their families with a psychiatric disorder. 29% were repeaters after a previous attempt. Concerning to a prior contact with the Mental Health Services in the preceding month Significant differences were observed by age, but no significant differences were observed by sex. 26% used alcohol prior to the intent, mainly men. EIB and ELB ratings were significatively higher in retired than in students. Among the patients who repeated their intent (14.5%) of the followed, 78% were women, with an age between 30 and 56 years old. 61% were diagnosed having an affective disorder and 10% had psycotic disorders. 88% of the repeaters were in psychiatric treatment for five years or more.</p>","PeriodicalId":75429,"journal":{"name":"Actas luso-espanolas de neurologia, psiquiatria y ciencias afines","volume":"25 3","pages":"172-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20311477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Organic personality disorder: response to carbamazepine].","authors":"P Muñoz,&nbsp;M A González Torres","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Organic Personality Disorder is a clinical diagnosis included in ICD-10 classification and also, under a different name, in DSM-IV. Many different treatments have been proposed to improve this condition, carbamazepine being one of them. A case report is presented of a 28 years old patient who, six years before, had suffered a severe brain injury in a car accident. From then on, an intensification of previous personality traits could be observed besides sexual exhibitionism, promiscuity, aggressive episodes, suspiciousness and low impulse control. A chaotic socio-familial situation induced two psychiatric admissions. The patient was initially treated with neuroleptics, benzodiazepines and antidepressants, with no response. Treatment with carbamazepine was then started, reaching a dose of 1,200 mg/day and maintaining plasma levels of 8.8 mcg/ml. After two months of this treatment a marked improvement was observed with absence of exhibitionistic behavior and aggressive episodes, a tendency towards normalization of mood and anxiety, stabilization of his social and family relationships and starting some paid work.</p>","PeriodicalId":75429,"journal":{"name":"Actas luso-espanolas de neurologia, psiquiatria y ciencias afines","volume":"25 3","pages":"197-200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20309967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Neuropsychological consequences of perinatal asphyxia].","authors":"C Junqué,&nbsp;P Vendrell","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Perinatal asphyxia has been classically related to important neurological diseases such as cerebral palsy, but it it also stated that a high percentage of child with a good outcome did not show any sequelae. We reviewed cerebral lesions demonstrated by post-mortem analysis and the structural MRI contributions to the anatomo-functional correlates. The most frequent neuropsychological disturbances showed by these patients in the general intelligence, perceptive functions, memory and emotional and social behavior were also summarized.</p>","PeriodicalId":75429,"journal":{"name":"Actas luso-espanolas de neurologia, psiquiatria y ciencias afines","volume":"25 3","pages":"182-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20309964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Reactions of the family after one of their members' death: bereavement, grief, and mourning].","authors":"M Valdés Díaz,&nbsp;A Blanco Picabia","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A brief review is presented concerning effects produced in closely related by the lose of a relative. It could be see, even thought people know in a \"notional level\" that death is the last and unavoidably part of our life-cycle, when this even happen in the near ambience it take totally different connotations. The situation appear with a special characteristic and it is a normal thing to find in closely related very different reaction both emotional and behaviour state.</p>","PeriodicalId":75429,"journal":{"name":"Actas luso-espanolas de neurologia, psiquiatria y ciencias afines","volume":"25 3","pages":"190-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20309965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Bipolar II disorder: course and suicidal behavior].","authors":"E Vieta,&nbsp;F Colom,&nbsp;C Gastó,&nbsp;E Nieto,&nbsp;A Benabarre,&nbsp;A Otero","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Bipolar II disorder seems to be more than a mild form of classic manic-depressive illness. Differences with bipolar I concern genetic, biological, clinical and pharmacological aspects. Nevertheless, studies on suicidal behavior in both groups have resulted in inconsistent results</p><p><strong>Patients and method: </strong>Twenty-two patients fulfilling Research Diagnostic Criteria for the diagnosis of bipolar II disorder and 38 bipolar I were evaluated with the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia by two independent interviewers, and compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Bipolar II patients had significantly more previous episodes (p = 0.001), including both depressive (p = 0.003) and hypomanic switches (p = 0.006), but had been hospitalized (p = 0.001) and presented psychotic symptoms (p < 0.001) less frequently.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There were no significant differences between both groups regarding suicidal behavior variables. These results suggest that bipolar II disorder is less severe than bipolar I regarding symptoms intensity, but more severe with respect to episodes frequency, and that suicide attempts rates are not useful to discriminate between both groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":75429,"journal":{"name":"Actas luso-espanolas de neurologia, psiquiatria y ciencias afines","volume":"25 3","pages":"147-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20311472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Emotional family environment and clinical profile in schizophrenia].","authors":"M J Masanet,&nbsp;M Lacruz,&nbsp;A Asencio,&nbsp;F Bellver,&nbsp;I Montero","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the strong evidence in the literature for considering Expressed Emotion (EE) as a relapse predicting factor in schizophrenia, there are still several aspects open to discussion. One of the controversial issues is whether EE is only an intrinsic characteristic of the family or, at least partially, a response to schizophrenic symptoms. The aim of this study is to analyse the relationship between EE, and each one of its single components, and the patients clinical characteristics. It is an observational study including a sample of 120 schizophrenic patients and their families. Patients have been evaluated for their clinical status as well as their social adjustment, and the key relatives have been assessed with the Camberwell Family Interview. We have found a statistically significant association between the severity of psycotic symptoms and critical comments, as well as with hostility. However, no association was found between clinical severity and the global status of EE. Results are compared with other studies and possible explanations for those discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":75429,"journal":{"name":"Actas luso-espanolas de neurologia, psiquiatria y ciencias afines","volume":"25 3","pages":"159-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20311474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Awareness of the illness, and positive/negative syndrome in schizophrenia].","authors":"F J Vaz,&nbsp;A Béjar,&nbsp;M Casado,&nbsp;B Penasa","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years evidence has accumulated to implicate a poor awareness of illness in schizophrenia. This study employed two clinical scales to assess both the psychopathology of 41 schizophrenic patients and the intensity of their awareness of illness. The results show the existence of a close relationship between these two clinical dimensions. Nevertheless, awareness of illness did not appear as a constant and isolated factor. In the authors' opinion, the findings derivated from the study support the idea that a poor awareness of illness could be a nuclear symptom of schizophrenia.</p>","PeriodicalId":75429,"journal":{"name":"Actas luso-espanolas de neurologia, psiquiatria y ciencias afines","volume":"25 3","pages":"153-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20311473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Critical evaluation of the use of antidepressives in childhood].","authors":"V J Conde López,&nbsp;M C Ballesteros Alcalde,&nbsp;M A Franco Martín,&nbsp;M S Geijo Uribe","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the introduction the authors study some technical, methodological, ethical, administrative and marketing problems about the evaluation and investigation in child and adolescence psychopharmacology. They make a revision and critical evaluation about. As a whole the clinic use of antidepressive drugs in childhood psychiatry. Then, some open and controlled trial about tricyclic antidepressives are evaluated. After this, the authors present the most important advances about the open and controlled clinic trials with several antidepressives: tricyclic, tetracyclic, ISSR and MAO-Inhibitors and other drugs (placebo response, psychotherapy, imipramine, nortryptiline, amitriptyline, fluoxetine, MAO-Inhibitors, lithium, mianserin, maprotyline, etc.). Beside, placebo effect, response prediction factors, biologic markers, diagnostic criteria, evaluation methods and technics, drugs associations, clinic types of child depression, etc, are studied. In the last, the authors present some clinical conclusions about this subject.</p>","PeriodicalId":75429,"journal":{"name":"Actas luso-espanolas de neurologia, psiquiatria y ciencias afines","volume":"25 2","pages":"105-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20189785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}