Acta neurologica latinoamericana最新文献

{"title":"[Electro-clinical and developmental forms of epilepsy as a function of their appearance at different ages of life].","authors":"H Gastaut,&nbsp;L Oller-Daurella","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The authors review the different electroclinical varieties and the evolution of epilepsy that appear in the six principal age groups: newborn, infancy, childhood, adolescence, adult and aged. The aim of this study is to answer the following questions: on one hand to find out if there exists in newborn, infant or young child, a form of epilepsy entirely functional, dependent on a constitutional epileptic predisposition transmitted on a genetic basis, which correspond to the primary generalized epilepsy of the other age groups. If that is so, to find out this mode of expression. On the other hand, to confirm whether the proportion of primary generalized epilepsy varies according to the different ages of life, revealing a chance in the predisposition during life. The authors propose the following answers to the above-mentioned questions: there exists at birth a principally, functional form of epilepsy in relation to a constitutional predisposition. The usual electroclinical criteria are not applicable in this age group due to brain immadurity, so it is not possible to identify this variety. The progressive development of the brain in the infant and young child permits the clinical and electrical individualization of generalized fits as distinct from Petit or Gran Mal. These facts make it possible to confirm the existence of a principally functional epilepsy which corresponds to the primary generalized epilepsy of the adolescent and older child. The epileptic predisposition, principal factor responsible for primary generalized epilepsy, varies considerably during life. The authors presume that its incidence differs in each age group. Based on the frequency of hyperthermic fits in the infant and young child, the predisposition should be important in this age group, although the actual proportion of primary generalized epilepsy is difficult to quantify. In the older child it is possible to admit that the epileptic predisposition is greater because primary generalized epilepsy represents more than a third of the types of fits observed. This tendence is even greater in adolescence, where this form of epilepsy represents over three quarters of the patients. In the adult and aged patients, the epileptic tendency diminishes progressively, as can be seen comparing the proportion of primary forms of epilepsy with other types (25% young adult, 9% mature adult and 1% in the aged).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)</p>","PeriodicalId":75394,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurologica latinoamericana","volume":"27 1-2","pages":"19-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18014426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spongy degeneration of the nervous system associated with propionic acidemia.","authors":"J Asconapé,&nbsp;V R Challa,&nbsp;J N Angelo","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The pathologic changes in the brain of a five and a half month old male child who died of propionic acidemia are presented. Although previous pathologic reports of this disorder describe either no involvement of the central nervous system or focal myelin sheath vacuolization, the present case exhibited different pathology, namely, spongy degeneration of the white matter of Van Bogaert and Bertrand's type. Thus this case illustrates that the pathologic changes in the brain in propionic acidemia are variable. In addition, the cerebellum in this patient showed marked diffuse atrophy and early loss of the external granular layer, two changes that have not been emphasized by previous authors.</p>","PeriodicalId":75394,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurologica latinoamericana","volume":"27 1-2","pages":"91-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18014429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Surgery by anterior approach in cervical myelopathy with a narrow canal].","authors":"W R Perillo,&nbsp;V Maslenikov,&nbsp;A De Tenyi,&nbsp;L Alfonso","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Twenty four patients with spastic paraparesis due to cervical myelopathy were operated on by the anterior approach. They all received anterior cervical discectomy and/or osteophytes resection with the operating microscope, without fusion. There were no deaths and no one deteriorated after surgery. The results in the 21 patients with a year or more of post-operative follow-up are described. Seven had a congenital narrow canal associated with discopathy, with a history of up to 9 years. In 6, the spastic paraparesis improved, in 2, dramatically. One patient had no change. The other 14 patients had a normal cervical canal. Eight had an excellent result, and only one did not improve. The patients with a narrow canal were a little worse than those with a normal canal, but both groups are not quite comparable. More experience is needed, but the evidence suggest that the anterior approach give good results in cervical myelopathy with discopathy associated with narrow canal, without mortality or post-operative deterioration.</p>","PeriodicalId":75394,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurologica latinoamericana","volume":"26 1","pages":"13-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18257699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Systemic lupus erythematosus starting with deterioration of the higher functions of the central nervous system].","authors":"J F Dalmás,&nbsp;C Mandilaharsu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The authors report the case of a 42 years-old electrician man, with an 8 months progressive manual difficulties in his specific job, with a complete disability for the last 2 months. These symptoms were associated with anemia, deterioration of the general condition, and slight fever. Three days after the first neuropsychological examination he, suddenly, developed a left hemiparesis. Laboratory investigations confirmed the occurrence of a systemic lupus erythematosus. The neuropsychological examination showed: normal intellectual level with slight memory deficit; severe constructional and ideomotor apraxia; gaze ataxia; optical ataxia; hemisomatoagnosia, anosognosia, and autotopagnosia; agraphia. The authors discuss this particular syndromatic association, remarking the alterations of oculomotor control, the optical ataxia and the role which both may have in the disorganization of gesture activity, concerning also the gnosics disturbances. Furthermore, agraphia is stressed as well as its relation with apraxic disturbances. On the basis of the semiological analysis, the authors come to the conclusion of a bilateral temporo-parieto-occipital involvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":75394,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurologica latinoamericana","volume":"26 1","pages":"39-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18257701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic cerebellar stimulation in the modulation of behavior.","authors":"A J Correa,&nbsp;R C Llewellyn,&nbsp;J Epps,&nbsp;D Jarrott,&nbsp;C Eiswirth,&nbsp;R G Heath","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>From March 1976 until March 1979, 28 patients with disabling emotional symptoms were studied in the Psychiatry and Neurosurgery Departments at Tulane University, and pre-selected for cerebellar electrode implantation and subsequent cerebellar stimulation. This series include 12 patients with different types of schizophrenia; 7 epileptic patients with Grand Mal and/or psychomotor attacks, and concomitant psychiatric symptoms; 5 patients with intractable depression; and 4 patients with miscellaneous psychiatric symptoms. Follow-up results are graded as excellent, good, fair and poor. The authors conclude that significant improvement were observed in many patients, and the results, although preliminary and incomplete, are encouraging.</p>","PeriodicalId":75394,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurologica latinoamericana","volume":"26 3","pages":"143-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17858386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Post-traumatic epilepsy. Analysis of 70 cases].","authors":"M Pebet,&nbsp;E Gerstle de Pasquet","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A retrospective study of 70 cases of posttramatic epilepsy is undertaken. The clinical and electroencephalographic characteristics are analyzed and it is emphasized: (1) The predominance of generalized seizures over focal fits, and among these last, the higher incidence of motor seizures are stressed. (2) The incidence of early seizures was of 5% in this series. (3) The occurrence of epilepsy usually was within 2 years after head injury. (4) Frequent correlation between the clinical course and the EEG is noted. A brief bibliographical review on the subject is presented, and the importance of a prospective study in the value of anticonvulsive drugs in prevention of posttramatic epilepsy is underlined.</p>","PeriodicalId":75394,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurologica latinoamericana","volume":"26 2","pages":"103-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17869419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Cerebral vasospasm. Clinicoangiographic correlation].","authors":"J Méndez,&nbsp;G Torrealba","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The authors analyzed the clinicoangiographic correlation of cerebral vasospasm in a series of 120 cases of subarachnoid hemorrhage due to aneurysmal rupture. They made such correlation in the pre and postoperative course, in the follow-up, and in relation with the pathological findings. All patients were studied with one to three angiographies in the pre and postoperative course. For the clinical grading the authors have used the classification of Botterell modified by Hunt et al, and for the cerebral vasospasm, the classification of Pool and Potts and Saito et al. They found a good correlation between the cerebral vasospasm and the disorders of consciousness or motility, i.e. when both of them are considered separately, and only in patients with neurological injury. In comparing Botterell grade I and grades II-V, in 25% of the grade I patients, cerebral vasospasm was observed without neurologic injury. The incidence of cerebral vasospasm was lower in grades II-V patients and the severity of the clinical picture was in relation with other factors such as hematoma, infarct, hydrocephalus, etc. The authors consider the possibility of a personal variability of the cerebral vasospasm in relation with a different susceptibility to the spasmogenic substances.</p>","PeriodicalId":75394,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurologica latinoamericana","volume":"26 1","pages":"27-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18257700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Somatosensory epileptic crises].","authors":"E Gerstle de Pasquet,&nbsp;M Floriani","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A retrospective study of 20 patients with somatosensory seizures is undertaken. The cases were obtained from the series of 1000 patient histories from the Division Epilepsy of the Neurological Institute of Montevideo. Several clinical variables are analyzed and especially the etiological factors are studied. A high incidence of surgical treatable causes was found (50%), especially tumor (35%). Similar results are reported by other authors. A comparative study concerning the tumor etiology in somatosensory and in other types of partial seizures is performed. It was found that tumors have the highest incidence of somatosensory seizures. The authors conclude that radiological studies must be undertaken in all cases of somatosensory seizures in seizures in which the underlying etiology is unclear, in order to rule out a surgical process. Computerized Tomography is at present the most important study, excepting those cases in which an arterio-venous malformation is suspected, which should be studied primarily by angiography.</p>","PeriodicalId":75394,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurologica latinoamericana","volume":"26 3","pages":"155-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17858387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Use of the inflated balloon catheter in the treatment of carotid-cavernous fistula].","authors":"G M de Almeida,&nbsp;N D Cabral,&nbsp;E Bianco","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the vast majority of techniques used to treat carotid-cavernous fistulas the carotid artery has been occluded. Occlusion of the fistula with preservation of carotid blood flow is achieved by new techniques as those proposed by Parkinson, Serbinenko and Mullan. However the sophisticated equipments and surgical acts which are needed for these methods has not allowed its general use. The use of Fogarty type balloon catheters has had a place in the treatment of carotido-cavernous fistulas. The carotid artery has to be occluded too, but the procedure is much safer and easier. Our results in a series of 6 cases are reported. Considerations about indications and the technical aspects are made. The results were good and the procedure may be used with conventional equipment.</p>","PeriodicalId":75394,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurologica latinoamericana","volume":"26 1","pages":"47-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18257702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aneurysm clip testing meter.","authors":"M Dujovny,&nbsp;A Perlin,&nbsp;N Wackenhut,&nbsp;L Leff,&nbsp;N Kossovsky,&nbsp;D Nelson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The force that a vascular clip exerts when it is applied to a vessel is a critical factor in its safe and proper use. Permanent occlusion effected in the obliteration of aneurysms requires clip closure forces great enough to resist sliping, yet low enough not to damage the neck of the aneurysm. The authors consider the need for a device that can readily measure clip closing forces just prior to pre-surgical sterilization (immediately prior to implantation), and an instrument that meets that need is presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":75394,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurologica latinoamericana","volume":"26 3","pages":"183-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18354009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}