Trauma care (Basel, Switzerland)最新文献_第9页

An Autopsy-Based Analysis of Fatal Road Traffic Collisions: How the Pattern of Injury Differs with the Type of Vehicle 基于尸检的致命道路交通碰撞分析：伤害模式与车辆类型的差异

Trauma care (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2021-10-13 DOI: 10.3390/traumacare1030014

S. Tambuzzi, W. Rittberg, C. Cattaneo, F. Collini

{"title":"An Autopsy-Based Analysis of Fatal Road Traffic Collisions: How the Pattern of Injury Differs with the Type of Vehicle","authors":"S. Tambuzzi, W. Rittberg, C. Cattaneo, F. Collini","doi":"10.3390/traumacare1030014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/traumacare1030014","url":null,"abstract":"In Italy, in only 2018, 3310 people died in road traffic accidents, more than in any other European country. Since the revelation of this occurrence, the authors carried out an analysis aimed at investigating if there was a difference in the injury patterns among different road users. A retrospective post-mortem study on road traffic fatalities was performed, which had been autopsied at the Institute of Forensic Medicine of Milan. First, the authors analyzed the epidemiological data of all the 1022 road traffic accidents subjected to an autopsy from 2007 to 2019. Secondly, further analysis of individual autopsy reports was carried out. For this purpose, 180 autopsies belonging to 5 different categories were analyzed: car, pedestrian, motorbike, bicycle, and truck. Seventy-six percent of road traffic fatalities were male, 54% were between 10 and 49 years of age, and 62% of the patients died before arriving at a hospital. “Multiple injuries” was the main cause of death. Traumatic brain injuries were particularly high in pedestrians and cyclists. In car, motorbike, and truck fatalities, thoracic and abdominal injuries were the most frequent. Therefore, pedestrians and cyclists had a higher prevalence for traumatic head injuries, while car, motorcycle, and truck occupants, on the other hand, had a higher prevalence for thoracic and abdominal injuries.","PeriodicalId":75251,"journal":{"name":"Trauma care (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41971308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Discrimination, Mental Health, and Suicidal Ideation among Sexual Minority Adults in Latin America: Considering the Roles of Social Support and Religiosity 拉丁美洲性少数成年人的歧视、心理健康和自杀意念:考虑社会支持和宗教信仰的作用

Trauma care (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2021-09-25 DOI: 10.3390/traumacare1030013

Richard S. Henry, Cosima Hoetger, A. Rabinovitch, A. A. Arelis, B. Barajas, P. Perrin

{"title":"Discrimination, Mental Health, and Suicidal Ideation among Sexual Minority Adults in Latin America: Considering the Roles of Social Support and Religiosity","authors":"Richard S. Henry, Cosima Hoetger, A. Rabinovitch, A. A. Arelis, B. Barajas, P. Perrin","doi":"10.3390/traumacare1030013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/traumacare1030013","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the high rates of discrimination and mental health issues experienced by lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) adults at an international level, very little research has focused on this population in Latin America. As a result, the purpose of this study was to explore relationships among discrimination experiences, mental health (i.e., anxiety and depressive symptoms), suicidal ideation, religiosity, and social support in LGBT adults in Latin America. A sample of 99 participants from the region completed an online survey assessing these constructs. Results suggested that 51.5% of the sample reported lifetime suicidal ideation. Experiences with harassment/rejection-type discrimination predicted suicidal ideation, while work/school-type discrimination predicted mental health problems (anxiety and depression). Depressive symptoms predicted suicidal ideation, while anxiety symptoms alone did not. Further, depressive symptoms mediated relationships between work/school discrimination and suicidal ideation, as well as between harassment/rejection discrimination and suicidal ideation. Moderated mediation analyses suggested that high, but not low or moderate levels of social support and religiosity buffered LGBT adults in Latin America against discrimination, specifically by weakening links among discrimination, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation. Clinical intervention research with LGBT adults in Latin America should focus on increasing social support networks for this population and on helping LGBT adults reconcile conflicts between religious identities and sexual or gender minority identities, as healthy religiosity may serve as a protective factor against mental health problems generally, and suicidal ideation specifically.","PeriodicalId":75251,"journal":{"name":"Trauma care (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48401843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Are Trauma Surgery Simulation Courses Beneficial in Low- and Middle-Income Countries—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis 创伤外科模拟课程在低收入和中等收入国家是否有益——一项系统综述和荟萃分析

Trauma care (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2021-09-24 DOI: 10.3390/traumacare1030012

Y. Hashmi, Nashmeeya Ayyaz, H. Umar, Anam Jawaid, Z. Ahmed

{"title":"Are Trauma Surgery Simulation Courses Beneficial in Low- and Middle-Income Countries—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Y. Hashmi, Nashmeeya Ayyaz, H. Umar, Anam Jawaid, Z. Ahmed","doi":"10.3390/traumacare1030012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/traumacare1030012","url":null,"abstract":"Despite trauma-related injuries being a leading cause of death worldwide, low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) lack the infrastructure and resources required to offer immediate surgical care, further perpetuating the risk of morbidity and mortality. In high-income countries, trauma surgery simulation courses are routinely delivered to surgeons, teaching the fundamental skills of operative trauma. This study aimed to assess whether similar courses are beneficial in LMICs and how they can be improved. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis using MEDLINE, Embase and Google Scholar, analysing studies evaluating trauma surgery simulation in LMICs. The outcomes measured included clinical knowledge improvement, participant confidence and general course-feedback. The review was carried out in-line with PRISMA guidelines. Five studies were included, summating a population of 172 participants. In three studies, meta-analysis showed an overall significant weighted mean improvement of knowledge post-course by 22.91% (95%CI 19.53, 26.29; p < 0.00001; I2 = 0%). One study reported a significant increase in participant confidence for 20/22 of operative skills taught (p < 0.04). We conclude that these courses are beneficial in LMICs; however, further research is necessary to establish the optimum course design, and whether patient outcomes are improved following their implementation. Collaboration between international trauma institutions is essential for closing the educational resource inequality gap between higher- and lower-income countries.","PeriodicalId":75251,"journal":{"name":"Trauma care (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44508311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Growth after Trauma: The Role of Self-Compassion following Hurricane Harvey 创伤后的成长：飓风“哈维”过后自我同情的作用

Trauma care (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2021-08-18 DOI: 10.3390/traumacare1020011

Joshua W. Yuhan, David C. Wang, Andrea L. Canada, Jonathan P. Schwartz

{"title":"Growth after Trauma: The Role of Self-Compassion following Hurricane Harvey","authors":"Joshua W. Yuhan, David C. Wang, Andrea L. Canada, Jonathan P. Schwartz","doi":"10.3390/traumacare1020011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/traumacare1020011","url":null,"abstract":"The psychological impact of a traumatic event includes potentially both negative (e.g., PTSD, depression, and anxiety) as well as positive (e.g., post-traumatic growth) outcomes. The construct of self-compassion—the capacity to be compassionate towards oneself—has been associated with various psychological benefits following disasters; however, the association between self-compassion and PTG have not yet been examined in natural disaster settings. This study aimed to examine the relationship between these constructs, with self-compassion as a potential mediator in this relationship. Three hundred and nine undergraduate students affected by the impact of Hurricane Harvey were recruited. Statistical analyses revealed a significant mediation effect, with PTSD symptoms being both directly and indirectly (via self-compassion) associated with PTG. The capacity to grow from traumatic experiences is mediated by one’s disposition to be compassionate towards oneself, serving as a resilience factor to provide individuals with the cognitive and emotional resources to grow after trauma. These findings have significant implications in both clinical and research contexts, including the use of self-compassion interventions to protect against PTSD and other comorbid psychopathology and also act as a catalyst for growth following natural disaster events.","PeriodicalId":75251,"journal":{"name":"Trauma care (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41735718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Symptoms of PTSD and Depression among Central American Immigrant Youth 中美洲移民青年的创伤后应激障碍和抑郁症状

Trauma care (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2021-08-11 DOI: 10.3390/traumacare1020010

Ernesto Castañeda, Daniel Jenks, Jessica Chaikof, Carina Cione, SteVon Felton, Isabella Goris, L. Buck, E. Hershberg

{"title":"Symptoms of PTSD and Depression among Central American Immigrant Youth","authors":"Ernesto Castañeda, Daniel Jenks, Jessica Chaikof, Carina Cione, SteVon Felton, Isabella Goris, L. Buck, E. Hershberg","doi":"10.3390/traumacare1020010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/traumacare1020010","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to explore the mental health challenges that Central American immigrant youth face before and after arriving in the United States. This population is hard to reach, marginalized, and disproportionately exposed to trauma from a young age. This paper investigates the mental health stressors experienced by Central American immigrant youth and asylum seekers, including unaccompanied minors, surveyed in the U.S. in 2017. This mixed methods study uses qualitative data from interviews along with close-ended questions and the validated PHQ-8 Questionnaire and the Child PTSD Symptom Scale (CPSS). These new migrants face numerous challenges to mental health, increased psychopathological risk exacerbated by high levels of violence and low state-capacity in their countries of origin, restrictive immigration policies, the fear of deportation for themselves and their family members, and the pressure to integrate once in the U.S. We find that Central American youth have seen improvements in their self-reported mental health after migrating to the U.S., but remain at risk of further trauma exposure, depression, and PTSD. We find that they exhibit a disproportionate likelihood of having lived through traumatizing experiences that put them at higher risk for psychological distress and disorders that may create obstacles to integration. These can, in turn, create new stressors that exacerbate PTSD, depression, and anxiety. These conditions can be minimized through programs that aid immigrant integration and mental health.","PeriodicalId":75251,"journal":{"name":"Trauma care (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47892954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

The Model of Systemic Relational Violence: Conceptualizing IPV as a Method of Continual and Enforced Domination 系统关系暴力模型:将IPV概念化为持续和强制统治的方法

Trauma care (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2021-07-28 DOI: 10.3390/traumacare1020009

D. McLeod, Angela B. Pharris, E. Boyles, Rachael A. M. Winkles, Wendy Stafford

引用次数: 2

Association of Unhealthy Behaviors with Self-Harm in Chinese Adolescents: A Study Using Latent Class Analysis 中国青少年不健康行为与自残的关系:一项基于潜类分析的研究

Trauma care (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2021-07-26 DOI: 10.3390/traumacare1020008

Rong Yang, Dan-lin Li, R. Tian, Jie Hu, Yanni Xue, Xuexue Huang, Y. Wan, Jun Fang, Shi-chen Zhang

{"title":"Association of Unhealthy Behaviors with Self-Harm in Chinese Adolescents: A Study Using Latent Class Analysis","authors":"Rong Yang, Dan-lin Li, R. Tian, Jie Hu, Yanni Xue, Xuexue Huang, Y. Wan, Jun Fang, Shi-chen Zhang","doi":"10.3390/traumacare1020008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/traumacare1020008","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies have demonstrated the link between individual unhealthy behaviors and self-harm, but little is known about the influence of multiple unhealthy behaviors on self-harm among adolescents. This study aims to identify the potential patterns of unhealthy behaviors and to examine their associations with self-harm, which may become a useful tool for the screening of self-harm in adolescents. A total of 22,628 middle school students (10,990 males and 11,638 females) in six cities was enrolled in this study by multistage stratified cluster sampling from November 2015 to January 2016. Latent class analysis (LCA) was performed based on five kinds of unhealthy behaviors (unhealthy losing weight (ULW), tobacco use (TU), alcohol use (AU), screen time (ST), and mobile phone dependence (MPD)). Multivariate logistic regressions were used to examine associations between identified subgroups and self-harm. Four subgroups of unhealthy behaviors were identified. Class 1 (71.2%) had the lowest engagement in unhealthy behaviors. Class 2 ((ULW/MPD), 22.3%) had a relatively high prevalence of ULW and MPD. Class 3 ((TU/AU/ST), 3.2%) had a relatively high prevalence of TU, AU, and ST. Class 4 (3.3%) consistently engaged in unhealthy behaviors. Compared to class 1, class 2 (ULW/MPD), class 3 (TU/AU/ST), and class 4 showed OR (95%CI) values of 2.101 (1.964–2.248), 2.153 (1.839–2.520), and 3.979 (3.407–4.645) (p < 0.001 for each), respectively. Class 1, class 2 (ULW/MPD), and class 3 (TU/AU/ST) engagement in unhealthy behaviors was associated with increased self-harm. These findings strongly suggested that self-harm prevention efforts focusing on multiple unhealthy behaviors should be seriously considered for early detection of self-harm.","PeriodicalId":75251,"journal":{"name":"Trauma care (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3390/traumacare1020008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70011347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Common Occupational Trauma: Is There a Relationship with Workers’ Mental Health? 常见职业创伤：与劳动者心理健康有关系吗？

Trauma care (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2021-07-02 DOI: 10.3390/TRAUMACARE1020007

N. Magnavita, I. Capitanelli, G. Arnesano, A. Iuliano, Igor Mauro, Francesco Suraci, F. Chirico

{"title":"Common Occupational Trauma: Is There a Relationship with Workers’ Mental Health?","authors":"N. Magnavita, I. Capitanelli, G. Arnesano, A. Iuliano, Igor Mauro, Francesco Suraci, F. Chirico","doi":"10.3390/TRAUMACARE1020007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/TRAUMACARE1020007","url":null,"abstract":"Exposure to major trauma can have significant consequences for workers’ mental health, but common trauma may also result in poor mental health outcomes. This cross-sectional study retrospectively investigated the occurrence of common physical or psychological workplace trauma in 901 health, social service, and trading company workers and studied these experiences in relation to occupational stress, anxiety, and depression. Stress was measured with the effort/reward imbalance (ERI) model while anxiety and depression were evaluated with the Goldberg Anxiety and Depression Scale (GADS). Healthcare workers reported a high frequency of trauma and significantly higher levels of stress, anxiety, and depression than other workers. Even in the entire population of workers of the various professional categories, verbal violence (harassment and threats), traffic accidents, home injuries, and family bereavement were significantly associated with high levels of stress, anxiety, and depression. Major trauma survivors are known to be at increased risk of mental disorders and require support in the workplace, however, even minor repeated emotional trauma and injuries can affect mental health. During mandatory health surveillance, the occupational physician should systematically collect information on minor trauma and mental health outcomes when assessing the occupational fitness of the workers assigned to him.","PeriodicalId":75251,"journal":{"name":"Trauma care (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3390/TRAUMACARE1020007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49457755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Trauma Care—A New Open Access Journal 创伤护理——一个新的开放获取期刊

Trauma care (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2021-06-21 DOI: 10.3390/traumacare1010006

Z. Balogh

引用次数: 0

Suicide and Health Crisis in Extremadura: Impact of Confinement during COVID-19 埃斯特雷马杜拉的自杀和健康危机:COVID-19期间禁闭的影响

Trauma care (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2021-05-04 DOI: 10.3390/TRAUMACARE1010004

Ismael Puig-Amores, I. Cuadrado-Gordillo, Guadalupe Martín-Mora Parra

{"title":"Suicide and Health Crisis in Extremadura: Impact of Confinement during COVID-19","authors":"Ismael Puig-Amores, I. Cuadrado-Gordillo, Guadalupe Martín-Mora Parra","doi":"10.3390/TRAUMACARE1010004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/TRAUMACARE1010004","url":null,"abstract":"Because of its impact on social well-being, mental health, and financial security, the COVID-19 health crisis may increase the risk of suicide. This study’s objective was to determine what impact the period of confinement might have had on the incidence of deaths by suicide (DBS) in the Extremadura region (Spain). Cases registered in the Institutes of Legal Medicine and Forensic Science (IMLyCFs) from January 2015 to December 2020 were collected. Intra- and interannual comparisons were made of the suicide rates in the periods of confinement (March–June) and postconfinement (July–October) of 2020 with those of the preceding 5 years. After seasonally adjusting the data by means of a time series analysis, rate ratios (RRs) were calculated together with their 95% confidence intervals (CI). There were no significant differences between the suicide rates of 2020 and the mean of the preceding 5 years (RR = 0.94; CI: 0.56–1.55), and neither did any differences seen in the intra-annual analysis from the period of confinement to postconfinement reach statistical significance (RR = 0.74; CI: 0.45–1.20). It is necessary to strengthen vigilance during and after the crisis and ensure that assistance mechanisms are in place to prevent an increase in suicides.","PeriodicalId":75251,"journal":{"name":"Trauma care (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"1 1","pages":"38-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3390/TRAUMACARE1010004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47982742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3