The undergraduate journal of public health at the University of Michigan最新文献

Letter from the 2022-2023 Editors 《2022-2023》编辑来信

The undergraduate journal of public health at the University of Michigan Pub Date : 2023-06-14 DOI: 10.3998/ujph.3942

Avery Tomaso, G. Rastogi

引用次数: 0

A Review of Primary. Secondary, and Tertiary Prevention Strategies for Alzheimer’s Disease 初级复习。阿尔茨海默病的二级和三级预防策略

The undergraduate journal of public health at the University of Michigan Pub Date : 2023-06-14 DOI: 10.3998/ujph.3946

H. O’Donnell

{"title":"A Review of Primary. Secondary, and Tertiary Prevention Strategies for Alzheimer’s Disease","authors":"H. O’Donnell","doi":"10.3998/ujph.3946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3998/ujph.3946","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the non-modifiable and modifiable risk factors for Alzheimer’s, as well as the Alzheimer’s primary prevention, secondary prevention, and tertiary prevention strategies that can be implemented. Alzheimer's is the sixth leading cause of death in the United States and the most expensive chronic disease (Alzheimer’s Association, 2020). It has a detrimental physical, psychological, and financial impact on patients and caregivers (Alzheimer’s Association, 2020). People can reduce their risk of developing Alzheimer’s by eating a healthy diet, using hearing aids for hearing loss, engaging in regular physical activity, spending time with other people, doing mentally stimulating activities, reducing alcohol consumption, and avoiding tobacco (Livingston et al., 2020). Early screening and diagnostic tools are important because they allow people living with Alzheimer’s to establish an effective care plan and to take advantage of treatments, which are most effective in the early stages of the disease (Guzman-Martinez et al., 2021). Some screening and diagnostic tools include biomarkers, scalable screening technologies, and cognitive assessments (Guzman-Martinez et al.,18 2021). Primary and secondary prevention strategies must address the needs of minority populations, who have a higher risk of developing Alzheimer’s compared to the general population (Livingston et al., 2020). Federal public health initiatives, such as the National Alzheimer’s Project Act, the Dementia Prevention Action Plan, and the Behavioral Risk Surveillance System, play an important role in Alzheimer’s public health research, surveillance, and prevention strategies (Chong et al., 2021; Kelley et al., 2018).","PeriodicalId":75202,"journal":{"name":"The undergraduate journal of public health at the University of Michigan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47064066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stratified Post-Reproduction: An Analysis of Black Women’s Barriers to Postpartum Depression Treatment 分层生殖后：黑人女性产后抑郁症治疗障碍分析

The undergraduate journal of public health at the University of Michigan Pub Date : 2023-06-14 DOI: 10.3998/ujph.3948

Beatriz Leal Brockey

{"title":"Stratified Post-Reproduction: An Analysis of Black Women’s Barriers to Postpartum Depression Treatment","authors":"Beatriz Leal Brockey","doi":"10.3998/ujph.3948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3998/ujph.3948","url":null,"abstract":"Stratified reproduction is defined as a systemic devaluation of one group’s reproductive\u0000capacity over another’s (Harris & Wolfe, 2014). This article seeks to analyze the effects of\u0000stratified reproduction on the experiences of Black women with postpartum depression.\u0000Beginning with a thorough analysis of postpartum depression, its prevalence, and its methods of\u0000treatment, the paper then goes on to evaluate the existing research done on postpartum\u0000depression in Black women specifically. After analyzing evidence that indicates higher rates of\u0000mental illness among Black mothers, the paper examines stratified reproduction and a new term\u0000“stratified post-reproduction” is defined. In comparison, stratified post-reproduction, a term\u0000coined by the author, serves to elucidate the ways in which the prioritization of and concentration\u0000on white women’s post birth experiences by the medical community at large leads to a lower\u0000quality of treatment of non-white women and mothers of other marginalized groups (Primm et\u0000al., 2010). This creates a system that increases the rates of postpartum depression among Black\u0000women and keeps Black women from seeking post-birth care for this depression. The paper\u0000concludes by offering community based, feminist, and Black centered approaches to treating and\u0000caring for Black mothers in the period directly after birth. It is important to center Black voices\u0000and experiences in conversations about systemic oppression and thus the article cites research\u0000analyzing interviews done with Black mothers and focuses on research conducted by people of\u0000color and women.","PeriodicalId":75202,"journal":{"name":"The undergraduate journal of public health at the University of Michigan","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42805349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Weighing Government Intervention during the Global Covid Health Crisis 全球新冠肺炎健康危机期间政府干预的权衡

The undergraduate journal of public health at the University of Michigan Pub Date : 2023-06-14 DOI: 10.3998/ujph.3944

Samantha Staudinger

引用次数: 0

The Unspoken Plight of HIV Gripping Asian/Pacific Islander Communities in America 艾滋病毒在美国亚洲/太平洋岛民社区的隐晦困境

The undergraduate journal of public health at the University of Michigan Pub Date : 2023-06-14 DOI: 10.3998/ujph.3951

S. Shaw

{"title":"The Unspoken Plight of HIV Gripping Asian/Pacific Islander Communities in America","authors":"S. Shaw","doi":"10.3998/ujph.3951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3998/ujph.3951","url":null,"abstract":"The HIV pandemic has made a significant impact on various communities and\u0000demographics in the US. Although special attention has been given to African, Latin, Hispanic,\u0000and non-Hispanic white American communities, Asian American and Pacific Islander (A/PI)\u0000communities are often overlooked in HIV prevention efforts. Regardless of how statistically\u0000reassuring HIV diagnoses by ethnicity may seem, HIV poses a threat to the A/PI community.\u0000The “model minority” stereotype, lack of cultural and linguistic accommodations in HIV\u0000education, and cultural barriers may account for the lack of HIV testing and prevention in A/PI\u0000communities. The “model minority” stereotype projected onto A/PI individuals and their health\u0000gives a false sense of security in their current health status. Lack of education leads to\u0000misconceptions around HIV spread and transmission within A/PI communities. Cultural barriers\u0000continue to impact disclosure of HIV status among A/PI individuals and has a role in limiting\u0000HIV prevention efforts in these communities. Personal accounts and studies on HIV-positive\u0000Asian Americans show the lasting impact the “model minority” label, gap in HIV education, and\u0000cultural barriers have on combating HIV in A/PI communities. HIV needs to be addressed in\u0000A/PI communities and public health measures, HIV education, and A/PI HIV support groups\u0000may encourage greater HIV awareness, testing, and prevention in A/PI communities.","PeriodicalId":75202,"journal":{"name":"The undergraduate journal of public health at the University of Michigan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44639326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Role of Doulas in Addressing Disparities, Barriers, and Potential Solutions to Navigating Reproductive Loss 杜拉斯在解决差异、障碍和应对生殖损失的潜在解决方案方面的作用

The undergraduate journal of public health at the University of Michigan Pub Date : 2023-06-14 DOI: 10.3998/ujph.3945

Jon Musai, N. Shields, Lucy Zhang, Buu-Hac Nguyen

{"title":"The Role of Doulas in Addressing Disparities, Barriers, and Potential Solutions to Navigating Reproductive Loss","authors":"Jon Musai, N. Shields, Lucy Zhang, Buu-Hac Nguyen","doi":"10.3998/ujph.3945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3998/ujph.3945","url":null,"abstract":"Reproductive loss can take many forms. Common experiences include abortions, stillbirths, or miscarriages. Especially in a post-Roe time and space, the health disparities and stigmas that exist surrounding reproductive loss and those experiencing pregnancy loss have become even more apparent. Health disparities continue to exist through sociodemographic factors such as ethnicity, gender, race, and socioeconomic status. As found in existing literature on individuals’ experiences with reproductive health care, each person’s experiences strongly correlate with their identities. The level of reproductive care and compassion received vary dramatically as a result, with people of color and lower socioeconomic statuses receiving lower quality of care when seeking it out. Trends in unintended pregnancies and access to support resources also reinforce the idea that health disparities are at play. Additionally, intersectionality, or the overlapping of an individual’s multiple identities, plays an important role in the disparities seen within reproductive healthcare as discrimination and other structural factors are designed to benefit certain groups of individuals while putting others at disadvantages. Studies and surveys of individuals who have experienced pregnancy loss have addressed the existence of these inequalities within reproductive health care. Through a reproductive justice perspective, this literature review aims to bring attention to the disparities present in reproductive healthcare and how the work of reproductive loss doulas, which are full-spectrum doulas who honor all reproductive experiences, may address these disparities with sensitive and compassionate care. While addressing nationwide disparities in pregnancy loss, this literature review uses the state of Michigan to also analyze the current legislative efforts designed to expand access to critical reproductive health care services.","PeriodicalId":75202,"journal":{"name":"The undergraduate journal of public health at the University of Michigan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45853525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Behind Walls: Mass Incarceration as an Oppressor of Reproductive Justice in the United States 墙后：大规模监禁对美国生殖正义的压迫

The undergraduate journal of public health at the University of Michigan Pub Date : 2023-06-14 DOI: 10.3998/ujph.3943

Anna J. Ravzi

{"title":"Behind Walls: Mass Incarceration as an Oppressor of Reproductive Justice in the United States","authors":"Anna J. Ravzi","doi":"10.3998/ujph.3943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3998/ujph.3943","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to determine if and how mass incarceration denies women of color\u0000their right to reproductive justice in the United States. By analyzing the prison system’s legal\u0000framework as well as its practices, the study aims to analyze both known and unknown barriers\u0000to reproductive justice in the correctional setting. Data on such policies and practices was\u0000collected through personal interviews as well as through podcast interviews with formerly\u0000incarcerated women and a lawyer knowledgeable in prison healthcare laws within the United\u0000States. The findings from this data indicate that incarcerated women are not just denied\u0000necessary reproductive healthcare, but are essentially punished by the prison system for existing\u0000as reproductive individuals. Furthermore, this oppression disproportionately harms women of\u0000color due to the disproportionate mass incarceration of black and brown people in the United\u0000States, which stems from the criminalization of poverty and the “war on drugs” that began in the\u00001970s. These findings imply that there is a large group of women who have and continue to be\u0000dehumanized and threatened behind walls. Reproductive healthcare is necessary healthcare; thus,\u0000it must be prioritized in prison reform and legislature.","PeriodicalId":75202,"journal":{"name":"The undergraduate journal of public health at the University of Michigan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45005514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dispelling Myths Regarding Cisgender Sexual Minority Women and Breast Cancer 消除关于顺性别性少数群体妇女和乳腺癌症的神话

The undergraduate journal of public health at the University of Michigan Pub Date : 2023-06-14 DOI: 10.3998/ujph.3947

Rachel Troy

{"title":"Dispelling Myths Regarding Cisgender Sexual Minority Women and Breast Cancer","authors":"Rachel Troy","doi":"10.3998/ujph.3947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3998/ujph.3947","url":null,"abstract":"Lesbian and bisexual cisgender women have higher rates of breast cancer and breast cancer mortality than their heterosexual counterparts (Committee on Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Health Issues and Research Gaps and Opportunities, 2014). There is not much known about why this is the case, although most researchers revert to the common hypotheses that the increased prevalence of obesity, substance abuse, and nulliparity (not having given birth) among lesbian and bisexual women contributes to incidences of breast cancer (Committee on Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Health Issues and Research Gaps and Opportunities, 2014). These hypotheses place individual responsibility on sexual minority women with breast cancer as opposed to identifying complicated, underlying structural problems. This literature review argues that homophobia and bisexual invisibility, in conjunction with fatphobia and inaccurate research methodology, have prevented clinicians and scientists from thoroughly examining the ways in which increased rates alcohol abuse, the physiological effects of stress due to discrimination, and a lower rate of receiving mammograms caused by perceived negative judgment from healthcare providers contribute to the higher prevalence of breast cancer among lesbian and bisexual women.","PeriodicalId":75202,"journal":{"name":"The undergraduate journal of public health at the University of Michigan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47322581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Listening to the Voices of Gay and Bisexual Men and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men in Kenya: Recommendations for Improved HIV Prevention Programming. 倾听肯尼亚男同性恋和双性恋者以及其他与男性发生性关系的男性的声音：关于改进艾滋病毒预防方案的建议。

The undergraduate journal of public health at the University of Michigan Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.3998/ujph.3949

Myla Lyons, Gary W Harper, Laura Jadwin-Cakmak, Adrian Beyer, Susan M Graham

引用次数: 0

Re-establishing HIV/STI Testing Services Through University Student-Oriented Centers During the COVID-19 Pandemic. 在新冠肺炎大流行期间通过面向大学生的中心重新建立艾滋病毒/性传播感染检测服务

The undergraduate journal of public health at the University of Michigan Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-14 DOI: 10.3998/ujph.3950

Evan Hall

{"title":"Re-establishing HIV/STI Testing Services Through University Student-Oriented Centers During the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Evan Hall","doi":"10.3998/ujph.3950","DOIUrl":"10.3998/ujph.3950","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic saw the disruption of HIV/STI testing services at crucial student-oriented spaces at the University of Michigan, including the Spectrum Center, an LGBTQ+ event and education space, and Wolverine Wellness, a well-being initiative through the University Health Services, alongside massive disruptions to testing seen elsewhere around the country (Zapata et al., 2022). HIV/STI testing resumed in October during the Fall 2021 semester at the University of Michigan at Wolverine Wellness and Spectrum Center. At the Spectrum Center, the oldest LGBTQ+ college center in the country, I had the unique opportunity to partner with professional and student staff to foster an environment sensitive to cultural needs, including awareness of how sexual and gender identity intersects with student sexual health and well-being. Additionally, at both sites, COVID-19 protocols from the state and university were also established in the new workflow of testing services. The re-introduction of HIV/STI testing services through student-oriented sites at the University of Michigan required a reassessment of work flow standards and engagement with the campus student population.</p>","PeriodicalId":75202,"journal":{"name":"The undergraduate journal of public health at the University of Michigan","volume":" ","pages":"97-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10883352/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43363150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0