Hee Sun Kang, Hyang Rang Park, Jangmi Kang, Chun-Ja Kim
{"title":"Experiences of Women With Diabetes Using Wearable Continuous Glucose Monitors During Pregnancy: A Qualitative Descriptive Study.","authors":"Hee Sun Kang, Hyang Rang Park, Jangmi Kang, Chun-Ja Kim","doi":"10.1177/26350106251378719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/26350106251378719","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>PurposeThe purpose of this study was to describe the experiences of women with diabetes using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) during pregnancy.MethodsA qualitative descriptive design was used. Fourteen perinatal women participated in this study, and data were collected through in-depth interviews conducted between November 2024 and May 2025. Qualitative content analysis was performed using NVivo software.ResultsThe participants were ages 31 to 42 years. One participant had pregestational diabetes, and the remaining 13 had gestational diabetes. Five participants received insulin therapy, and others were managed without insulin. Three key themes emerged: (a) navigating self-care for glucose management by integrating wearable CGM, (b) guidance of health care providers for glucose management and fetal well-being, and (c) expected improvements in affordability and usability. The participants appreciated the convenience and real-time feedback provided by CGM. They actively engaged in self-care by utilizing CGM data along with health care provider guidance to maintain target glucose levels. However, concerns regarding costs and utility were commonly expressed.ConclusionsThis study highlights that integrating CGM into self-care, with guidance from health care providers, can positively influence glucose management during pregnancy. Enhancing access to CGM through supportive health care policies may improve maternal outcomes and reduce health disparities, thus aligning with sustainable development goals.</p>","PeriodicalId":75187,"journal":{"name":"The science of diabetes self-management and care","volume":" ","pages":"26350106251378719"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145226296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluating Pharmacist-Driven Interventions in Multidisciplinary Diabetes Care: A Quasi-Experimental Study.","authors":"Jiunn-Bey Pao, Shu-Chuan Wu, Ya-Wun Guo, Wei-Hsiang Huang","doi":"10.1177/26350106251361368","DOIUrl":"10.1177/26350106251361368","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundPharmacist-led multidisciplinary care may enhance diabetes self-management, yet evidence from Taiwan is limited. This study evaluates the impact of such interventions on health literacy, medication adherence, and clinical outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes.MethodsA quasi-experimental pretest-posttest study was conducted at Taipei City Hospital (April to December 2021) with 70 adults allocated into a pharmacist-led care group or standard care group. The intervention included medication management, diabetes education, and structured follow-ups. Generalized estimating equations analyzed changes in health literacy, medication adherence, weight, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), A1C, fasting glucose, and total cholesterol (TC).ResultsThe intervention group achieved a 21.1% increase in health literacy and a 20.4% improvement in medication adherence (<i>P</i> < .01). Significant reductions were observed in weight (<i>B</i> = -0.16, <i>P</i> < .01) and LDL-C (<i>B</i> = -12.83, <i>P</i> = .02). Differences in A1C, fasting glucose, and TC were not statistically significant, although time effects suggested overall improvement.ConclusionsPharmacist-led care significantly improved health literacy, adherence, and some clinical outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. These findings highlight the value of integrating pharmacists into multidisciplinary teams to enhance chronic disease management.</p>","PeriodicalId":75187,"journal":{"name":"The science of diabetes self-management and care","volume":" ","pages":"462-475"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Writing Up a Rigorous Methods Section in Quantitative Research Reports.","authors":"James A Fain","doi":"10.1177/26350106251377013","DOIUrl":"10.1177/26350106251377013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75187,"journal":{"name":"The science of diabetes self-management and care","volume":" ","pages":"445-446"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145006938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Junhee Ahn, Youngran Yang, Ji Young Kim, Jihyon Pahn, Yura Jang
{"title":"Effectiveness of mHealth-Based Self-Management Interventions on Self-Efficacy in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Junhee Ahn, Youngran Yang, Ji Young Kim, Jihyon Pahn, Yura Jang","doi":"10.1177/26350106251361360","DOIUrl":"10.1177/26350106251361360","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>PurposeThe purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the effectiveness of mHealth-based self-management interventions on self-efficacy among patients with type 2 diabetes.MethodsFollowing PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search was conducted across Medline, CINAHL, the Cochrane Library, and OVID databases. Analyses were performed using the <i>meta</i> and <i>metafor</i> packages in R programming. The restricted maximum likelihood (REML) method and Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman (HKSJ) adjustment were applied to rigorously estimate random effects.Results:The analysis included 9 high-quality randomized controlled trials published between 2014 and 2022, with a total of 1,116 participants. The standardized mean difference was 0.97 (95% CI, 0.16-1.78, <i>t</i> = 2.75, <i><i>P</i></i> = .02), indicating a significant effect.ConclusionThe findings suggest that mHealth-based self-management interventions significantly enhance self-efficacy in patients with type 2 diabetes. Improved self-efficacy fosters better self-management, ultimately leading to enhanced health outcomes in patients with diabetes. These interventions provide a valuable tool for patients, particularly those who are unable to attend in-person sessions, to effectively manage their condition and potentially reduce complications associated with diabetes. The integration of mHealth into routine diabetes care can play a critical role in supporting ongoing self-management and improving overall health.</p>","PeriodicalId":75187,"journal":{"name":"The science of diabetes self-management and care","volume":" ","pages":"517-531"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144982019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Nurse-Led Intervention Program Using the LINE Official Account (OA) Application to Improve Self-Care and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Diabetes and Comorbidities.","authors":"Phenchan Meekaew, Panan Pichayapinyo, Weena Thiangtham, Sunee Lagampan, Ouppatham Supasyndh","doi":"10.1177/26350106251371083","DOIUrl":"10.1177/26350106251371083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>PurposeThe purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a nurse-led intervention via the LINE Official Account (OA) application on knowledge, self-care, and clinical outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and comorbidities in Thailand.MethodsA cluster 2-arm randomized controlled trial with assessments at baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks was conducted in 2 noncommunicable disease clinics between October 2023 and March 2024. A total of 108 participants were recruited and randomly assigned to either the intervention group (n = 55) or control group (n = 53). Using Orem's Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory as a conceptual framework, the 12-week intervention included knowledge and behavioral assessment, health education support, and practicing reminder via the LINE OA application. The control group received usual care. Outcomes included knowledge, self-care agency, self-care behaviors, A1C, blood pressure, and microalbuminuria (MAU). Data were analyzed using <i>t</i>-tests, repeated measures analysis of variance, and Cohen's <i>d</i>.ResultsCompared to the control group, at 6 and 12 weeks, participants in the intervention group demonstrated significant improvements in knowledge, self-care agency, and self-care. Clinically significant changes in A1C, blood pressure, and MAU were observed at 12 weeks in the intervention group.ConclusionThe study findings highlight the effectiveness of the nurse-led intervention via LINE OA application in knowledge, self-care, MAU, and A1C improvement. Extended study duration is recommended to assess sustainability for the future study.</p>","PeriodicalId":75187,"journal":{"name":"The science of diabetes self-management and care","volume":" ","pages":"505-516"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145093226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Examining the Relationship Between Diabetes Distress and Patient Activation in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes.","authors":"Rhea S Mundle, Aaron A Lee","doi":"10.1177/26350106251371084","DOIUrl":"10.1177/26350106251371084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>PurposeThe purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between diabetes distress and various factors with patient activation among adults with type 2 diabetes.MethodsLinear and nonlinear relationships were evaluated using hierarchical polynomial regression models. Diabetes distress was measured using the Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS-17), with its 4 subscales, including emotional burden and regimen-, physician-, and interpersonal-related distress. Patient activation was measured using the Patient Activation Measure (PAM-13).ResultsThere was a weak linear association between total DDS-17 and PAM-13 scores (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 2.8%, <i>P</i> = .003). Across all subscales, results revealed robust quadratic trends that accounted for large increases in variance above and beyond linear trends (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup>s = 8.6%-23.0%, <i>P</i>s < .001).ConclusionsResults indicate a robust U-shaped relationship between diabetes distress and patient activation. These findings have the potential to inform treatment approaches for individuals with moderate to high diabetes distress and/or low patient activation.</p>","PeriodicalId":75187,"journal":{"name":"The science of diabetes self-management and care","volume":" ","pages":"487-496"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145076871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Longitudinal Associations of Social Isolation, Systemic Inflammation, and Cognitive Function Among Older Adults With Diabetes: Cross-Lagged Examination.","authors":"Bohyun Kim, Jie Hu","doi":"10.1177/26350106251371080","DOIUrl":"10.1177/26350106251371080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of the study was to examine the cross-lagged longitudinal associations between social isolation and cognitive function among older adults with diabetes and to investigate the mediating role of systemic inflammation in these associations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Secondary data from the Health and Retirement Study were utilized across 3 waves (2006, 2010, and 2014). To examine the longitudinal relationships between social isolation and cognitive function, a cross-lagged panel modeling approach was employed, with particular attention to the mediating role of C-reactive protein. A sequential predictor procedure was used; initially, only social isolation and cognitive function were analyzed; subsequently, sociodemographic covariates were controlled for; and finally, health-related covariates were added.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data from 1336 older adults with diabetes in the United States were analyzed. In the partially adjusted model, reciprocal negative associations between social isolation and cognitive function were identified. However, these reciprocal negative associations were no longer statistically significant after accounting for health-related covariates. C-reactive protein did not serve as a mediator in the link between social isolation and cognitive function regardless of adjustments for covariates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Given the reciprocal associations between social isolation and poorer cognitive function, a feedback loop may exist between these 2 factors. It is crucial to identify mediating mechanisms to disrupt this vicious cycle.</p>","PeriodicalId":75187,"journal":{"name":"The science of diabetes self-management and care","volume":" ","pages":"449-461"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145056553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Intermittent Use of Continuous Glucose Monitoring: A Practical and Culturally Relevant Strategy for India's Type 2 Diabetes Epidemic.","authors":"Keshavi Killi, Aparna Kuna, Dilip Kumar Kandar","doi":"10.1177/26350106251366655","DOIUrl":"10.1177/26350106251366655","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75187,"journal":{"name":"The science of diabetes self-management and care","volume":" ","pages":"447-448"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lisa Rasbach, Ginna Purrington, Deanna Adkins, Robert Benjamin
{"title":"Telehealth to Promote Adoption of Automated Insulin Delivery Systems in Youth With Risk Factors for Adverse Diabetes Outcomes.","authors":"Lisa Rasbach, Ginna Purrington, Deanna Adkins, Robert Benjamin","doi":"10.1177/26350106251361370","DOIUrl":"10.1177/26350106251361370","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>PurposeThe purpose of this study is to assess the effects of an intensive telehealth intervention on technology adoption and glycemic control in historically marginalized youth with diabetes mellitus on Medicaid.MethodsThis quality improvement project included youth (ages 12-18) with diabetes utilizing insulin therapy. Eligible participants were diagnosed at least 12 months prior to enrollment and had an A1C ≥9%, Medicaid insurance, and willingness to use a continuous glucose monitor (CGM) and an insulin pump. Participants received scheduled weekly contact (phone/video) with a certified diabetes care and education specialist and monthly video visits with a nurse practitioner.ResultsYouth (N = 18, 61% female, 78% non-White, diabetes duration 4.6±3 years) had baseline mean A1C of 11.4% ± 2.0%; 22% were on pump therapy. There was a sustained improvement between baseline A1C (mean 11.4% ± 2.0%) and 3 months (mean 10.5% ± 2.7%; <i>P</i> = .01) and 6 months (mean 9.8% ± 2.4%, 83.6 mmol/mol; <i>P</i> = .003). Significantly more participants used pump therapy by the end (n = 16) compared to baseline (n = 4; <i>P</i> < .0001). Participants wore CGMs more at 3 (<i>P</i> = .04) and 6 months (<i>P</i> = .0004) during the intervention compared to 3 and 6 months prior.ConclusionsThis telehealth intervention provided interim improvement in A1C and increased adoption of diabetes technology in a low socioeconomic status cohort from a historically marginalized population. Ongoing monitoring is needed to evaluate the durability of this intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":75187,"journal":{"name":"The science of diabetes self-management and care","volume":" ","pages":"497-504"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144877136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jung-Suk Kim, Chun-Ja Kim, Dae Jung Kim, Elizabeth A Schlenck
{"title":"Psychometric Evaluation of the Self-Efficacy for Appropriate Medication Use Scale-Korean in People With Diabetes.","authors":"Jung-Suk Kim, Chun-Ja Kim, Dae Jung Kim, Elizabeth A Schlenck","doi":"10.1177/26350106251361372","DOIUrl":"10.1177/26350106251361372","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>PurposeThe purpose of the study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Korean version of the Self-Efficacy for Appropriate Medication Use Scale (SEAMS-K).MethodsA cross-sectional design was used with 130 adults with type 2 diabetes taking medications from an outpatient clinic at a university hospital in Korea. Structured questionnaires were used for psychometric evaluation. The SEAMS-K validity was examined using exploratory factor analysis, and reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha and intraclass correlation coefficient. The original 13-item SEAMS was forward-translated and back-translated to ensure the translation equivalence of the SEAMS-K.ResultsFactor analysis for structural validity identified 3 dimensions of the SEAMS-K, explaining 71.2% of the total variance. The SEAMS-K showed significant associations with refilling and taking medication (<i>r</i> = -.58, <i>P</i> < .001), depressive symptoms (<i>r</i> = -.27, <i>P</i> = .002), and diabetes self-efficacy (<i>r</i> = .38, <i>P</i> < .001), thus, validating the construct validity hypotheses. As evidence of known groups' validity, there was a significant association between the SEAMS-K score according to A1C level (<i>P</i> = .042). The intraclass correlation coefficient for test-retest reliability was .91, and the alpha for internal consistency reliability was .92.ConclusionsThese results suggest that the SEAMS-K may be used clinically to assess the self-efficacy of appropriate medication use among Korean patients with type 2 diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":75187,"journal":{"name":"The science of diabetes self-management and care","volume":" ","pages":"476-486"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145042634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}