Al-Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences最新文献_第7页

Stability and Volumetric Properties of Colored Asphalt Mixtures Containing Iron Oxide 含氧化铁彩色沥青混合料的稳定性和体积性能

Al-Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.29194/njes.24020130

Samer Ali Naji, A. Abed

{"title":"Stability and Volumetric Properties of Colored Asphalt Mixtures Containing Iron Oxide","authors":"Samer Ali Naji, A. Abed","doi":"10.29194/njes.24020130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29194/njes.24020130","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this paper is find the effect of using iron oxide as a filler on the Marshall stability, flow and the volumetric properties of HMA and compared the results with conventional HMA using limestone dust. Three blends were used: coarse, mid and fine with neat bitumen (AC 40-50). One aggregate type (crushed) with two types of fillers: limestone and iron oxide III (α- ) with three different filler content 6%, 8% and 10%. The Marshall mix design was conducted on the three blends and the optimum binder content is computed for each blend. The Marshall stability test results and the volumetric properties analysis showed that increasing the iron oxide content from 6% to 10% increases the stability about 28%, 17% , 16% for the coarse , mid and fine mixtures respectively. This increment in stability of mixtures using iron oxide related to the increment in specific gravity of the mix (Gmb) by (1.3% to 1.5% about 30 to 50 kg/m3). On the other hand, the flow of mixtures is decreased about (5%) for mixes using iron oxide than the ones that used limestone as filler. The fine blend with 10% iron oxide exhibit the highest stability of 13.3 kN. While the coarse blend stability was 10 kN for the same filler type and content. Generally, the Marshall Test results of HMA using iron oxide as filler showed better resistance to plastic deformation, also produce denser HMA with higher stiffness. On the other hand, the volumetric properties analysis showed lesser values as compared with conventional mixture where the void in mineral aggregates and void filled with asphalt has decreased but within the acceptable limits.","PeriodicalId":7470,"journal":{"name":"Al-Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77775004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Aggregate Gradation and Filler Content on the Rutting Resistance of Modified Colored Hot Mix Asphalt 集料级配和填料含量对改性彩色热混合沥青抗车辙性能的影响

Al-Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.29194/njes.24020137

Samer Ali Naji, A. Abed

{"title":"Effect of Aggregate Gradation and Filler Content on the Rutting Resistance of Modified Colored Hot Mix Asphalt","authors":"Samer Ali Naji, A. Abed","doi":"10.29194/njes.24020137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29194/njes.24020137","url":null,"abstract":"Rutting is considered as the most generated distress in Iraqi roads as a result of the high temperature and excessive traffic load. So, it is essential to utilize polymer modified binder to increase the performance of pavements. The objective of this paper is to assess the effect of aggregate gradation and filler content on the rutting formation of Colored Hot Mix Asphalt CHMA. The HMA was colored by using iron oxide as filler to produce red HMA. Two blends were used: fine and coarse with two different types of filler iron oxide for CHMA and limestone for conventional HMA with two filler content 6% and 10%. Neat (AC 40-50) and modified asphalt (AC 40-50 + 4%SBS) were used. Tests are held on adding 4% Styrene Butadiene Styrene )SBS( by the weight of neat asphalt (AC 40-50) to raise the performance grade by two grades from PG (64-16) to PG (76-16) [1] and [2]. The wheel tracking test is used to assess the rut depth of the CHMA. The test results showed that the using iron oxide with neat asphalt increase the rut depth resistance by 200 and 400 failure load cycles than mixtures using limestone (cycles that mix reach 25 mm rut depth) for fine and coarse mix respectively. Also, the effect of gradation shows that the fine mixture fails at 4000 cycles while the coarse mixture fails at 1800 cycles for 6% limestone mixtures. Increasing the iron oxide content from 6% to 10% leads to increase the failure load cycles by 2200 and 1200 cycles for fine and coarse mixture respectively using modified asphalt. The fine mixture with 10% iron oxide using modified asphalt gives the best performance with 7000 cycles than the coarse mixture with 10% filler content and modified asphalt with 4000 cycles. irrespective the filler and type of binder, the dense mixtures using iron oxide as filler exhibit better resistance to rutting formation than coarse mixtures.","PeriodicalId":7470,"journal":{"name":"Al-Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80866118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

CPAP Hardware/Simulation and Control Design for Respiratory Disorders: A Review 呼吸系统疾病的CPAP硬件/仿真和控制设计综述

Al-Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.29194/njes.24020112

Athraa Sabeeh Mikha, Hadeel K. Aljobouri

{"title":"CPAP Hardware/Simulation and Control Design for Respiratory Disorders: A Review","authors":"Athraa Sabeeh Mikha, Hadeel K. Aljobouri","doi":"10.29194/njes.24020112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29194/njes.24020112","url":null,"abstract":"Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) ventilation remains a mainstay treatment for different respiratory disorders. Good pressure stability and pressure reduction during exhalation are of major importance condition to ensure the clinical efficacy and comfort of CPAP therapy. Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) and today coronavirus (COVID-19) are the main two diseases mitigated by the CPAP. This paper introduced a systematic review of the CPAP design in terms of the hardware design, Simulation-based CPAP system, control algorithm, and the measured performance. The accuracy is used as measurement of performance and calculated from the pressure value. The accuracy was compared to the predefined U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-based threshold value in which it considers this value as a reference. The results related to the modern CPAP devices introduced in this study to explain the accuracy of experimental CPAP. These were compared with a commercial CPAP devices. Also, it was revealed how the results coincide with the error ratio defined by the FDA as an evaluation measurement. The FDA error ratio determines the performance of the optimized CPAP device. This work is the first review that presented the knowledge about engineering design of the CPAP system, so it will be the first in the literature.","PeriodicalId":7470,"journal":{"name":"Al-Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85773260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Removal of Reactive Green Dye from Textile Waste Water by Photo Fenton Process: Modeling, Kinetic, and Thermodynamic. 光芬顿法去除纺织废水中的活性绿色染料:建模、动力学和热力学。

Al-Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.29194/njes.24020104

Tabarek Abdulsajad Jabar, K. M. Al-zobai

引用次数: 1

Evaluation of Water seepage Along Proposed Baghdad Metro Tunnel Across Tigris River 巴格达地铁跨底格里斯河隧道渗水评价

Al-Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.29194/njes.24020149

Aadil Hamid, Haitham Alaa Husain

引用次数: 0

Facial Expression Recognition Based on Texture Features 基于纹理特征的面部表情识别

Al-Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.29194/njes.24020144

Alaa Nabeel Haj Najeb, N. Nasser

引用次数: 0

Image-Based Modelling of Cardiac Mechanics 基于图像的心脏力学建模

Al-Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-30 DOI: 10.29194/njes.24020098

Mais Al-Saffar, Ziad T. Al-Dahhan, Rafid B. Al-taweel

{"title":"Image-Based Modelling of Cardiac Mechanics","authors":"Mais Al-Saffar, Ziad T. Al-Dahhan, Rafid B. Al-taweel","doi":"10.29194/njes.24020098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29194/njes.24020098","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of this study was to model the left ventricle (LV) based on 2D echocardiography imaging technique to assess the cardiac mechanics for group of patients affected by heart failure. A prospective study has been made at Ibn Al-Bitar center for cardiac surgery, for 13 patients with heart failure (HF), 9 patients were males (69%) and 4 females (31%). The mean age was 54±7 years. Those patients were supposed to undergo a CRT-D (Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Defibrillator) implant as they didn’t respond to drug therapy. Before CRT-D implantation, 2D echocardiography was performed for all the patients, to model the left ventricle and to measure indices that were used to evaluate cardiac mechanics which are LV pressure, wall stresses, global longitudinal strain, and cardiac output. After 3-months of follow-up, 2D echocardiography was re-assessed and the left ventricular mechanics has been re-measured. Post CRT-D implantation, significant improvement in the cardiac mechanics was observed in 54% of the patients which were called responders (patients that respond to CRT-D device) and the other patients were called non-responders. It has been seen that, the circumferential wall stresses were decreased in responder’s group while increased or remain unchanged in non-responders. Global longitudinal strain for the responder’s group were increased while remain unchanged in the non-responders. So, patients were divided into responders and non-responders, based on improvement of the cardiac mechanics after 3-moths of follow up. It has been concluded that the modelling of the left ventricle based on images obtained from 2D echocardiography imaging techniques, was an important computational tool that was used to enhance understanding and support the evaluation, surgical guidance and treatment management of basic biophysics underlying cardiac mechanics.","PeriodicalId":7470,"journal":{"name":"Al-Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75928114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Revisiting the Mesopotamian City: a Drawing of its Inhabitants' Mental- Image 重游美索不达米亚城市:描绘其居民的心理形象

Al-Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-30 DOI: 10.29194/njes.24020088

Saba Sami Al Ali

{"title":"Revisiting the Mesopotamian City: a Drawing of its Inhabitants' Mental- Image","authors":"Saba Sami Al Ali","doi":"10.29194/njes.24020088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29194/njes.24020088","url":null,"abstract":"Mesopotamian cities were formed sometime during the fourth millennium BCE, and many of them continued to be inhabited as much as 3000 years. While urban characteristics of these cities has been extensively studied, the current article is concerned with exploring the inhabitants' daily experience in the city; a subject that has not been sufficiently explored despite its importance in urban studies. The objective is to expand the understanding of the relation between the ancient city and its occupants. The paper adopts the concept of the City Image as introduced in the seminal work of Kevin Lunch \"Image of The City\" in investigating aspects of the Mesopotamian city that qualifies it to form a strong mental Image for her citizens, derived from the legibility of its elements and the structure they form. Using a descriptive analytical method in reviewing previous literature, the research first clarifies the shared characters of Mesopotamian cities, and addresses the stature of the city in Mesopotamians' culture. I then specify the five urban elements of the city image as categorised by Lynch; paths, nodes, edges, districts and landmarks, in addition to addressing manifestations of the citizens' urban life in the Mesopotamian city. Afterward, visualization of the citizen's daily experience through the urban fabric of the city is provided, to arrive at a conclusion of the Legibility of the mental image of the Mesopotamian city in the perception of its citizens.","PeriodicalId":7470,"journal":{"name":"Al-Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80679660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Seismic Evaluation and Retrofitting of an Existing Buildings-State of the Art 现有建筑的抗震评估与改造——最新研究进展

Al-Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-07 DOI: 10.29194/NJES.24010052

H. Abass, H. Jarallah

引用次数: 0

Design and Characterization of Second Order Sliding Mode Controller for Pendulum System 摆系统二阶滑模控制器的设计与表征

Al-Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-07 DOI: 10.29194/NJES.24010040

S. A. Hashim, A. Hammoudi

{"title":"Design and Characterization of Second Order Sliding Mode Controller for Pendulum System","authors":"S. A. Hashim, A. Hammoudi","doi":"10.29194/NJES.24010040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29194/NJES.24010040","url":null,"abstract":"The main purpose of this paper is to design a robust second order sliding mode controller that can deal with uncertain nonlinear systems. This controller can keep the main advantages of the first order sliding mode controller, such as the ability to make the system asymptotically stable by forcing the error and its derivatives to have a zero value, the simplicity in the operation, and the robustness in the existence of perturbations. In spite of the features that characterize the first order sliding mode controller (1 SMC), it still suffers from the unwanted phenomenon “chattering”, which originates from a discontinuous control part (sign function). In this context, saturation function can be used instead of sign function to reduce this problematic chattering. Different from the saturation function method, the second order sliding mode controller can be used to overcome the chattering; suffered by the first order sliding mode controller and to retain the stability and performance of the system. In this paper, the twisting and the super twisting second-order algorithms of the sliding mode controller were used, and their results were compared with the first order sliding mode controller. So, this subject focused on the chattering problem who suffers from it the 1 SMC and try to reduce it by using the 2 SMC, the uncertain pendulum system was adopted in this work for the purpose of checking the three controllers. The simulations results showed that the second order sliding mode controller has the ability to reduce both the chattering magnitude and the steady state error and achieve an asymptotically stable system. The results were obtained by using MATLAB programming.","PeriodicalId":7470,"journal":{"name":"Al-Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80027539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0