{"title":"Towards Total Energy Shaping Control of Lower-Limb Exoskeletons.","authors":"Ge Lv, Robert D Gregg","doi":"10.23919/ACC.2017.7963706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ACC.2017.7963706","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Current robotic exoskeletons enforce fixed reference joint patterns during gait rehabilitation. These control methods aim to replicate normative joint kinematics but do not facilitate learning patient-specific kinematics. Trajectory-free control methods for exoskeletons are required to promote user control over joint kinematics. Our prior work on potential energy shaping provides virtual body-weight support through a trajectory-free control law, but altering only the gravitational forces does not assist the subject in accelerating/decelerating the body forward. Kinetic energy is velocity dependent and thus shaping the kinetic energy in addition to potential energy can yield greater dynamical changes in closed loop. In this paper, we generalize our previous work to achieve underactuated total energy shaping of the human body through a lower-limb exoskeleton. By shaping the fully-actuated part of the body's mass matrix, we satisfy the matching condition for different contact phases and obtain trajectory-free control laws. Simulations of a human-like biped demonstrate speed regulation in addition to body-weight support, indicating the potential clinical value of this control approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":74510,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the ... American Control Conference. American Control Conference","volume":"2017 ","pages":"4851-4857"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.23919/ACC.2017.7963706","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35225789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Penghong Guo, Daniel E Rivera, Danielle S Downs, Jennifer S Savage
{"title":"Semi-physical Identification and State Estimation of Energy Intake for Interventions to Manage Gestational Weight Gain.","authors":"Penghong Guo, Daniel E Rivera, Danielle S Downs, Jennifer S Savage","doi":"10.1109/ACC.2016.7525092","DOIUrl":"10.1109/ACC.2016.7525092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Excessive gestational weight gain (i.e., weight gain during pregnancy) is a significant public health concern, and has been the recent focus of novel, control systems-based interventions. This paper develops a control-oriented dynamical systems model based on a first-principles energy balance model from the literature, which is evaluated against participant data from a study targeted to obese and overweight pregnant women. The results indicate significant under-reporting of energy intake among the participant population. A series of approaches based on system identification and state estimation are developed in the paper to better understand and characterize the extent of under-reporting; these range from back-calculating energy intake from a closed-form of the energy balance model, to a constrained semi-physical identification approach that estimates the extent of systematic under-reporting in the presence of noise and possibly missing data. Additionally, we describe an adaptive algorithm based on Kalman filtering to estimate energy intake in real-time. The approaches are illustrated with data from both simulated and actual intervention participants.</p>","PeriodicalId":74510,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the ... American Control Conference. American Control Conference","volume":"2016 ","pages":"1271-1276"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1109/ACC.2016.7525092","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34344237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrew J Whalen, Sean N Brennan, Timothy D Sauer, Steven J Schiff
{"title":"Effects Of Symmetry On The Structural Controllability Of Neural Networks: A Perspective.","authors":"Andrew J Whalen, Sean N Brennan, Timothy D Sauer, Steven J Schiff","doi":"10.1109/ACC.2016.7526576","DOIUrl":"10.1109/ACC.2016.7526576","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The controllability of a dynamical system or network describes whether a given set of control inputs can completely exert influence in order to drive the system towards a desired state. Structural controllability develops the canonical coupling structures in a network that lead to un-controllability, but does not account for the effects of explicit symmetries contained in a network. Recent work has made use of this framework to determine the minimum number and location of the optimal actuators necessary to completely control complex networks. In systems or networks with structural symmetries, group representation theory provides the mechanisms for how the symmetry contained in a network will influence its controllability, and thus affects the placement of these critical actuators, which is a topic of broad interest in science from ecological, biological and man-made networks to engineering systems and design.</p>","PeriodicalId":74510,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the ... American Control Conference. American Control Conference","volume":"2016 ","pages":"5785-5790"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5699861/pdf/nihms920059.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35285302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
LaMont Cannon, Cesar Augusto Vargas Garcia, Michael J Piovoso, Ryan Zurakowski
{"title":"Prospective HIV Clinical Trial Comparison by Expected Kullback-Leibler Divergence.","authors":"LaMont Cannon, Cesar Augusto Vargas Garcia, Michael J Piovoso, Ryan Zurakowski","doi":"10.1109/ACC.2016.7525096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACC.2016.7525096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The sample frequency and volume of blood that can be drawn from a single patient is meticulously restricted under the human subject protection protocols established by an institutional review board (IRB). Consequently, the amount of samples that can be taken during a particular experiment is limited. In order to ensure an effective experiment design, considerations must be taken choosing when to take patient samples. A validated model of HIV-1 viral replication and 2-LTR production is exploited to find sub-optimal sampling schedules that maximize information content of the experiment outcome. This is done through a Forward Stepwise Regression (FSR) process with Kullback Liebler Divergence (KLD) as a selection criterion. Suboptimal schedules are found for an experiment taking four sample points over a possible span of 20 weeks. All schedules found with the FSR process contain significantly more information than both a uniform schedule and a schedule used in a previous experiment with 4 sample points. This work demonstrates the advantages of using KLD as a tool in the experiment design process to increase information content.</p>","PeriodicalId":74510,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the ... American Control Conference. American Control Conference","volume":"2016 ","pages":"1295-1300"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1109/ACC.2016.7525096","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35735698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stabilization of LTI systems by relay feedback with perturbed measurements","authors":"Zohra Kader, C. Fiter, L. Hetel, L. Belkoura","doi":"10.1109/ACC.2016.7526479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACC.2016.7526479","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74510,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the ... American Control Conference. American Control Conference","volume":"23 1","pages":"5169-5174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84197177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adaptive regulation for motion control of magnetic tape storage systems","authors":"R. A. Callafon","doi":"10.1109/ACC.2015.7171166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACC.2015.7171166","url":null,"abstract":"Knowledge of the dynamics of the servo actuator can be used to estimate the disturbances present in a digital servo system of a magnetic tape storage system. It is shown how the actuator dynamics can be used to parametrize perturbations on the control algorithm to minimize the effects of periodic disturbance via adaptive regulation. The approach relies on a fractional representation of the actuator dynamic model and a parametrization of the servo controller that preserves convexity of the minimization of the effects of the disturbances. Motion control experiments of a servo actuator in a Linear Tape Open (LTO) drive operating under feedback with noisy and periodic components in the position error signal measurements will be used to illustrate the effectiveness of the adaptive regulation for the LTO drive under varying disturbance conditions. The results show the possibility to implement a motion control system with adaptive regulation that cancels periodic disturbances with multiple harmonic components.","PeriodicalId":74510,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the ... American Control Conference. American Control Conference","volume":"72 1","pages":"2844-2849"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76543555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Velocity-weighting to prevent controller-induced hypoglycemia in MPC of an artificial pancreas to treat T1DM.","authors":"Ravi Gondhalekar, Eyal Dassau, Francis J Doyle","doi":"10.1109/ACC.2015.7170967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACC.2015.7170967","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The design of a Model Predictive Control (MPC) strategy for the closed-loop operation of an Artificial Pancreas (AP) to treat type 1 diabetes mellitus is considered. The contribution of this paper is to propose a velocity-weighting mechanism, within an MPC problem's cost function, that facilitates penalizing predicted hyperglycemic blood-glucose excursions based on the predicted blood-glucose levels' rates of change. The method provides the control designer some freedom for independently shaping the AP's <i>uphill</i> versus <i>downhill</i> responses to hyperglycemic excursions; of particular emphasis in this paper is the downhill response. The proposal aims to tackle the dangerous issue of controller-induced hypoglycemia following large hyperglycemic excursions, e.g., after meals, that results in part due to the large delays of subcutaneous glucose sensing and subcutaneous insulin infusion - the case considered here. The efficacy of the proposed approach is demonstrated using the University of Virginia/Padova metabolic simulator with both unannounced and announced meal scenarios.</p>","PeriodicalId":74510,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the ... American Control Conference. American Control Conference","volume":"2015 ","pages":"1635-1640"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1109/ACC.2015.7170967","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34975380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Florian Straußberger, M. Schwab, Tristan Braun, J. Reuter
{"title":"Position estimation in electro-magnetic actuators using a modified discrete time class A/B model reference approach","authors":"Florian Straußberger, M. Schwab, Tristan Braun, J. Reuter","doi":"10.1109/ACC.2014.6858841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACC.2014.6858841","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the use of a discrete time model reference adaptive approach is proposed for estimating the armature position of electro-magnetic actuators. It is assumed that current and voltage measurements are available, only. It is shown that by identification of the parameters of the electrical subsystem, a unique and accurate estimate for the armature position can be obtained. To this end two discrete time MRAS methods are combined in order to take advantage of complementary properties. It is shown in practical experiments that with this approach robust and fast estimation of the electrical parameters is achieved and the position estimation can thus be solved in real world environments.","PeriodicalId":74510,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the ... American Control Conference. American Control Conference","volume":"117 1","pages":"3686-3691"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73155304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Greetings from the AACC President","authors":"T. Samad","doi":"10.1109/ACC.2014.6858566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACC.2014.6858566","url":null,"abstract":"all participants to the 2014 American Control Conference. It’s been over three decades since the first ACC was held (in Arlington, Virginia, 1982) and since then the annual conference has become an established, selective international event covering all aspects of research and development in control systems. ACCs now attract around 1,300 participants representing academia (including graduate students), industry, and government organizations. Only a slim majority of the attendees are from the United States. The centerpiece of the conference is the technical program, and this year’s ACC will feature about 1,000 presentations on developments in diverse areas of control, theoretical as well as applied. Also on offer are pre-conference workshops, special and “micro” sessions on technical and other topics, exhibits and recruitment opportunities, and the AACC Awards Ceremony. The action spills over into the hallways and break areas too, where professional connections and friendships are made and renewed, collaboration prospects broached and firmed up, and much “catching up” undertaken. It’s hard to do any of these things well within the e-cocoons in which we seem to spend so much of our work (and personal) lives you’ll be glad you came!","PeriodicalId":74510,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the ... American Control Conference. American Control Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88875483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Greetings and thanks from the general chair","authors":"D. Tilbury","doi":"10.1109/ACC.2014.6858578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACC.2014.6858578","url":null,"abstract":"The planning for an ACC takes several years. When I was invited to organize a “West Coast” ACC, I almost immediately chose Portland. The 2005 ACC here was memorable, and Portland is well-known as a friendly and attractive city. It has a great downtown, with short walkable blocks, lots of shopping (no sales tax), and great restaurants – from the food courts to the high end with everything in between! The river invites walking or biking, and the views of the mountain (on sunny days) can’t be beat.","PeriodicalId":74510,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the ... American Control Conference. American Control Conference","volume":"3 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77315461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}