AIHAJ : a journal for the science of occupational and environmental health and safety最新文献_第6页

Technology-enhanced learning/distance education: market survey of occupational health and safety professionals. 技术增强学习/远程教育:职业健康和安全专业人员的市场调查。

AIHAJ : a journal for the science of occupational and environmental health and safety Pub Date : 2001-05-01 DOI: 10.1080/15298660108984637

Virginia Carlson, Debra K Olson

{"title":"Technology-enhanced learning/distance education: market survey of occupational health and safety professionals.","authors":"Virginia Carlson, Debra K Olson","doi":"10.1080/15298660108984637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15298660108984637","url":null,"abstract":"A market survey of occupational health and safety professionals was performed to assess their interest in course work offered through distance education, using technology-enhanced learning methods such as the Internet or CD-ROM. A random sample of 800 active and student members of the American Industrial Hygiene Association, the American Association of Occupational Health Nurses, and the American Society of Safety Engineers from the eight-state Midwest region were queried through a mail survey. Respondents expressed a high likeliness (87.4%) to participate in distance education opportunities for the purposes of continuing education and academic degree. The areas of study interest selected most often were occupational health (73%), injury prevention and control (60%), and industrial hygiene (53%). More than three-quarters of respondents (79%) said that an on-campus component was not important to their learning experience. The majority of respondents (68%) indicated that they were reimbursed for the cost of education with significant differences identified by association. Occupational health and safety professionals are interested in distance education using technology-enhanced learning (TEL) methodologies for meeting their educational needs. TEL/distance education, built on a tested educational approach, should be implemented and outcomes shared to increase the body of knowledge regarding these teaching strategies as they pertain to occupational health and safety professionals.","PeriodicalId":7449,"journal":{"name":"AIHAJ : a journal for the science of occupational and environmental health and safety","volume":"82 1","pages":"349-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87343962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

The history of OSHA's asbestos rule makings and some distinctive approaches that they introduced for regulating occupational exposure to toxic substances. OSHA石棉规则制定的历史以及他们为规范职业接触有毒物质而引入的一些独特方法。

AIHAJ : a journal for the science of occupational and environmental health and safety Pub Date : 2001-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/15298660108984624

J. Martonik, Edith Nash, E. Grossman

引用次数: 29

An evaluation of factors affecting hazardous waste workers' use of respiratory protective equipment. 影响危险废物处理工人使用呼吸防护设备的因素评价。

AIHAJ : a journal for the science of occupational and environmental health and safety Pub Date : 2001-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/15298660108984627

Mary K. Salazar, C. Connon, T. Takaro, N. Beaudet, S. Barnhart

{"title":"An evaluation of factors affecting hazardous waste workers' use of respiratory protective equipment.","authors":"Mary K. Salazar, C. Connon, T. Takaro, N. Beaudet, S. Barnhart","doi":"10.1080/15298660108984627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15298660108984627","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to describe the perceptions of a group of hazardous waste workers about their workplace hazards and to understand their beliefs and attitudes about the use of respiratory protective equipment (RPE). There were two phases of data collection: (1) interviews to identify factors that influence respirator use and (2) a written survey to evaluate the importance of these factors. This article describes the findings from the written survey completed by 255 eligible respondents (return rate = 46.5%, 255/548). Subjects used a weighting system to score 18 identified factors that influence the use of RPE. Scores were compared according to type of respirator, frequency of use, and associated health symptoms. The factors that had the most positive influence on respirator use were concern about work exposure, fit-testing, and training. The most negative influences were communication, personal comfort, effect on vision, structural environment, and fatigue. More frequent users (once per month or more) were significantly more likely to view fit-testing, health effects, and effects on vision negatively than were less frequent users. Persons who reported health symptoms associated with respirator use had more negative scores than persons without health symptoms. Workers categorized as laborers were more likely to be frequent respirator users and to wear supplied-air respirators, and were significantly more likely to view vulnerability to disease negatively, than were other worker groups. The findings from this study indicate that respiratory protection programs must extend beyond training and education; to be maximally effective, health professionals must be responsive to the specific concerns of the workers.","PeriodicalId":7449,"journal":{"name":"AIHAJ : a journal for the science of occupational and environmental health and safety","volume":"20 1","pages":"236-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84457264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 30

The capture envelope of a flanged circular hood in cross drafts. 交叉穿堂风中带法兰的圆形罩的捕获包络。

AIHAJ : a journal for the science of occupational and environmental health and safety Pub Date : 2001-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/15298660108984623

R. Huang, J. L. Chen, Y. K. Chen, C. C. Chen, W. Yeh, C. W. Chen

{"title":"The capture envelope of a flanged circular hood in cross drafts.","authors":"R. Huang, J. L. Chen, Y. K. Chen, C. C. Chen, W. Yeh, C. W. Chen","doi":"10.1080/15298660108984623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15298660108984623","url":null,"abstract":"The flow patterns of an exterior circular hood subject to the influence of various uniform cross drafts were experimentally studied in an apparatus consisting of hood-model/wind-tunnel assembly. A two-component laser Doppler anemometer was employed to measure the velocity field on the symmetry plane. The streamline patterns were obtained from the measured velocity data. The cross draft caused a characteristic envelope similar to a half Rankine body-of-revolution to form in the flow field. The boundary of the envelope is described by a dividing streamline. All streamlines within the envelope lead to the opening; those outside the envelope evolve to the downstream area. The normalized geometry of the capture envelope is theoretically justified and correlated by modifying the potential theory of point-sink-plus-rectilinear-flow. The domain and shape of the envelope enclosing the hood opening are determined primarily by the velocity ratio between the cross draft and hood suction. The correlated formula is applicable to design the hood parameters, including the sizes of opening and flange as well as the location of contaminant sources.","PeriodicalId":7449,"journal":{"name":"AIHAJ : a journal for the science of occupational and environmental health and safety","volume":"11 1","pages":"199-207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78678167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

Carbon black and soot: two different substances. 炭黑和烟灰是两种不同的物质。

AIHAJ : a journal for the science of occupational and environmental health and safety Pub Date : 2001-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/15298660108984625

A. Watson, P. Valberg

{"title":"Carbon black and soot: two different substances.","authors":"A. Watson, P. Valberg","doi":"10.1080/15298660108984625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15298660108984625","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon blacks are manufactured under controlled conditions for commercial use primarily in the rubber, painting, and printing industries. In contrast, soots are unwanted byproducts from the combustion of carbon-based materials for the generation of energy or heat, or for the disposal of waste. Unfortunately, the terms carbon black and soot often have been used interchangeably; however, carbon black is physically and chemically distinct from soot. Greater than 97% of carbon black consists of elemental carbon arranged as aciniform particulate. Depending on the type of soot, the relative amount of carbon (< 60% of the total particle mass), the type of particulate carbon, and particle characteristics (size, shape, and heterogeneity) can vary considerably. For both carbon black and soot, other elements and chemical compounds are associated with the particulate carbon. Total inorganics (ash) represent < 1% of the carbon black particle mass. Organic compounds can be extracted from particle surfaces (solvent extractable fraction [SOF]), and for carbon black, also are < 1% of the particle mass. Soots have much greater percentages of ash, SOF, or both, than carbon black. There has been concern about the adsorbed organic compounds because of potential biologic activity. For carbon black, the SOF is strongly adherent to carbon surfaces and is not released by biological fluids. The types of organic compounds consist primarily of unsubstituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and are not as biologically potent as those compounds present in soot. Thus, carbon black is distinctly different from soot, and when discussing potential health effects, care must be taken to differentiate between the two types of carbon-based particles.","PeriodicalId":7449,"journal":{"name":"AIHAJ : a journal for the science of occupational and environmental health and safety","volume":"54 1","pages":"218-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87449646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 161

Design guidelines for push-pull ventilation systems through computational fluid dynamics modeling. 通过计算流体动力学建模的推拉式通风系统设计指南。

AIHAJ : a journal for the science of occupational and environmental health and safety Pub Date : 2001-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/15298660108984616

R. Rota, G. Nano, L. Canossa

引用次数: 27

Characterization and control of terpene emissions in Finnish sawmills. 芬兰锯木厂萜烯排放的表征和控制。

AIHAJ : a journal for the science of occupational and environmental health and safety Pub Date : 2001-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/15298660108984620

I. Welling, T. Mielo, J. Räisänen, M. Hyvärinen, T. Liukkonen, T. Nurkka, P. Lonka, C. Rosenberg, Y. Peltonen, U. Svedberg, P. Jäppinen

引用次数: 11

A simple method for detecting breakthroughs in used chemical cartridges. 一种检测废旧化学药筒突破的简单方法。

AIHAJ : a journal for the science of occupational and environmental health and safety Pub Date : 2001-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/15298660108984619

S. Tanaka, Y. Tsuda, S. Kitamura, M. Shimada, H. Arito, Y. Seki

{"title":"A simple method for detecting breakthroughs in used chemical cartridges.","authors":"S. Tanaka, Y. Tsuda, S. Kitamura, M. Shimada, H. Arito, Y. Seki","doi":"10.1080/15298660108984619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15298660108984619","url":null,"abstract":"This study was intended to develop a simple method using a gas detector tube to detect the end of the service lives of chemical cartridges for organic solvent vapors. The practical usefulness of this method was confirmed by two series of experimental observations of cartridge service lives: (1) The breakthrough times for six organic solvents were determined by passing a test airflow through a cartridge, and the concentration at each breakthrough was measured with a gas chromatograph (GC). These GC-obtained concentrations were compared with the migrated vapor concentrations through each broken cartridge measured with a gas detector tube. (2) CS2 breakthrough of the cartridges used on 32 viscose rayon workers were measured with detector tubes, after which the residual service life of each cartridge was determined. In laboratory experiments the released concentrations detected by the gas detector tube were approximately equal to the final leak concentrations measured by GC. In a field survey the used cartridges exhibiting a stain of CS2 from detector tubes for concentrations greater than 4 ppm were found not to have enough residual adsorption capacity for CS2. Migrated concentrations of CS2 measured with detector tubes were found to be a reasonable predictor of remaining service life.","PeriodicalId":7449,"journal":{"name":"AIHAJ : a journal for the science of occupational and environmental health and safety","volume":"1 1","pages":"168-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77651428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

A comparison of solid sampler methods for the determination of hexamethylene-based isocyanates in spray-painting operations. 固体进样器法测定喷漆作业中六亚甲基异氰酸酯的比较。

AIHAJ : a journal for the science of occupational and environmental health and safety Pub Date : 2001-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/15298660108984628

W. Rudzinski, J. Yin, E. England, G. Carlton, R. Key-Schwartz, J. Lesage

{"title":"A comparison of solid sampler methods for the determination of hexamethylene-based isocyanates in spray-painting operations.","authors":"W. Rudzinski, J. Yin, E. England, G. Carlton, R. Key-Schwartz, J. Lesage","doi":"10.1080/15298660108984628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15298660108984628","url":null,"abstract":"A polyurethane foam sponge impregnated with 1-(2-methoxyphenyl) piperazine in dimethylsulfoxide was mounted in both cassette and inhalable organic monitor samplers and these were then compared with a dual-filter cassette. The samplers were used for the collection of hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) monomer and oligomers during actual spray-painting operations. The dual filter cassettes were positioned on a mannequin. The polyurethane foam cassette (PUF CAS) and polyurethane foam inhalable organic monitor (PUF IOM) samplers were positioned on a cart in the same maximum overspray area. Data from this pilot study suggest that there is no significant difference (P < 0.05, n = 6) in the amount of HDI monomer obtained with the PUF IOM sampler when compared with the amount obtained from the dual filter cassette. The data also suggest that the PUF IOM sampler yields a higher amount of HDI oligomer than either the dual filter cassette or the PUF CAS sampler, neither of which exhibited a significant difference (P < 0.05, n = 6) from each other.","PeriodicalId":7449,"journal":{"name":"AIHAJ : a journal for the science of occupational and environmental health and safety","volume":"91 1","pages":"246-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91502634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Modeling turbulent diffusion and advection of indoor air contaminants by Markov chains. 用马尔可夫链模拟室内空气污染物的湍流扩散和平流。

AIHAJ : a journal for the science of occupational and environmental health and safety Pub Date : 2001-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/15298660108984617

M. Nicas

引用次数: 22