Precision cancer medicine最新文献_第10页

Sex-based heterogeneity in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs): a narrative review 非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的性别异质性和对免疫检查点抑制剂(ICIs)的反应:一项叙述性综述

Precision cancer medicine Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.21037/pcm-21-7

S. Frega, A. Ferro, L. Bonanno, V. Guarneri, P. Conte, G. Pasello

{"title":"Sex-based heterogeneity in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs): a narrative review","authors":"S. Frega, A. Ferro, L. Bonanno, V. Guarneri, P. Conte, G. Pasello","doi":"10.21037/pcm-21-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/pcm-21-7","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The aim of our review is to analyse sex-based differences in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (aNSCLC) patients in terms of clinical-pathological and molecular features, focusing on their impact on immune response and outcome. Background: Lung cancer (LC) remains the leading cause of cancer mortality both in men and women worldwide. In the era of precision oncology, the idea of unleashing the host immune system against cancer through the development of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) radically shaped the therapeutic approach in the setting of non-oncogene addicted aNSCLC. Despite durable remissions and prolonged survival in a subset of patients, potential markers for individual prediction of immunotherapy effectiveness lacked high sensitivity and specificity. The selection of patients who could most benefit from single ICIs remains an unmet need, as well as the improvement of combination strategies for those one unresponsive or refractory to immunotherapy. Sex is a known variable that affects both innate and adaptive immune responses, as well as possibly clinical-pathological and molecular basis of LC. Although smoking is the primary risk factor for LC development in both men and women, other variable such as genetic differences, sex hormones, environmental exposures and lifestyle habit, immune system and tumor microenvironment (TME) disparities, could play an important role in sex-biased carcinogenesis and development of immune responses. Methods: An extended review of literature through PubMed was conducted, using the keywords related to patient sex (“sex”, “gender”, “male/female”, “men/women”) and NSCLC and LC epidemiological, etiological, clinical-pathological and molecular features. Conclusions: Women vs . men differences in terms of response to ICIs remain to date only suggestive, so further research, including prospective clinical trials, is warranted to establish sex as a factor in the therapeutic decision-making process. These findings about male vs. female immune","PeriodicalId":74487,"journal":{"name":"Precision cancer medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48646897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Metabolic reprogramming and cancer precision medicine: a narrative review 代谢重编程与癌症精准医学:叙述性回顾

Precision cancer medicine Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.21037/pcm-21-27

Hong Zhang, Shuang Tang

引用次数: 3

Outcomes of head and neck angiosarcoma with different treatment modalities: a 20-year single institutional experience 不同治疗方式治疗头颈部血管肉瘤的疗效：20年的单一机构经验

Precision cancer medicine Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.21037/pcm-21-40

Y. S. Koh, J. Chan, W. S. Looi, M. Farid, N. Iyer, C. Tay, K. Sommat, R. Wong

引用次数: 1

RET-mutated non-small cell lung cancer treated with pralsetinib: a case series 用普拉塞替尼治疗ret突变的非小细胞肺癌:一个病例系列

Precision cancer medicine Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.21037/pcm-21-50

A. Galletti, M. Russano, F. Citarella, G. Fazio, V. Santo, L. Brunetti, B. Vincenzi, G. Tonini, D. Santini

引用次数: 0

A narrative review of microRNA therapeutics: understanding the future of microRNA research microRNA治疗的叙述性回顾:理解microRNA研究的未来

Precision cancer medicine Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.21037/pcm-21-28

Linhui Liang, Xianghuo He

引用次数: 6

Endoscopic endonasal removal of nasal cavity chondrosarcoma extending to the base of the skull: a case report 经鼻内镜下切除延伸至颅底的鼻腔软骨肉瘤1例

Precision cancer medicine Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.21037/pcm-22-34

N. I. Mikhailov, A. Zaitsev, Andrew G. Rerberg, Sergei A. Kisarev, Gennadei I. Khokhrikov, Artem E. Lazarev, O. Kirsanova, T. M. Kobyletskaya, Tatiana Bezbabicheva, Angelina V. Krivobokova, P. Shegay, A. Kaprin

引用次数: 0

Efficacy of pembrolizumab in lung adenocarcinoma harboring non-V600E BRAF mutation: a case report 派姆单抗治疗非v600e BRAF突变肺腺癌的疗效:1例报告

Precision cancer medicine Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.21037/pcm-21-22

G. D. Di Fazio, F. Citarella, E. Dell'Aquila, M. Russano, A. Galletti, V. Santo, B. Vincenzi, G. Tonini, D. Santini

{"title":"Efficacy of pembrolizumab in lung adenocarcinoma harboring non-V600E BRAF mutation: a case report","authors":"G. D. Di Fazio, F. Citarella, E. Dell'Aquila, M. Russano, A. Galletti, V. Santo, B. Vincenzi, G. Tonini, D. Santini","doi":"10.21037/pcm-21-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/pcm-21-22","url":null,"abstract":": Small percentage of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, ranging 2–4% present BRAF mutations whom classification is easily accounted as V600E/non-V600E variant. There is a growing interest linked to different functional classes of BRAF mutations, which include class I (V600E mutations), class II mutations (kinase-activating non-V600E mutations), and class III mutations (kinase-impaired non-V600E mutations that increase ERK signaling or RAS activity), with a more aggressive behavior in non-V600E mutant NSCLC. V600E positive mutation patients are susceptible to target therapies, as the combination dabrafenib and trametinib in first- and second-line setting; meanwhile the others have an unknown clinical significance and there is no standard of therapy. Higher levels of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression are associated with presence of BRAF mutation. Furthermore, there is little evidence on the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs): in contrast to EGFR mutated or ALK rearranged tumors, ICIs have favorable activity both in V600E than non-V600E mutated BRAF variant. We identified a biological rationale for the use of immunotherapy in patients harboring uncommon BRAF mutations. We report a case of a G466E BRAF-mutated lung adenocarcinoma successfully treated with pembrolizumab. Besides, our case adds to the limited literature on NSCLC harboring BRAF mutations, showing the importance of analyze the biological significance of specific BRAF mutation before starting a treatment.","PeriodicalId":74487,"journal":{"name":"Precision cancer medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46203599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A narrative review of biomarkers in advanced triple negative breast cancer 晚期三阴性乳腺癌生物标志物的叙述性回顾

Precision cancer medicine Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.21037/pcm-20-76

R. Chehade, A. Awan, R. Fernandes

{"title":"A narrative review of biomarkers in advanced triple negative breast cancer","authors":"R. Chehade, A. Awan, R. Fernandes","doi":"10.21037/pcm-20-76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/pcm-20-76","url":null,"abstract":"Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous disease; while clinically diagnosed as a single entity disease, at the molecular level, TNBC includes characteristic subtypes with potential for subtype specific targeted therapies which are still underway. Chemotherapy remains the backbone of treatment of TNBC. Although new targeted therapies have been introduced in the metastatic setting, including immunotherapy, PARP inhibitors and antibody drug conjugates (ADC), identifying patients who would selectively benefit from these treatments is awaiting a more refined selection process driven by better understanding of the biology of TNBC subtypes. More importantly, there is a need for validated tools of genomic precision and biomarker driven targeted therapy that can readily identify TNBC subtypes in the clinic and translate complex molecular analysis into individualized treatment plans for patients. This review presents biomarkers in advanced TNBC with potential for targeted therapies and discusses ongoing strategies to managing the heterogeneity of TNBCs. We discuss biomarkers including TP53, androgen receptor, breast cancer susceptibility genes (BRCA), homologous recombination deficiency (HRD), PI3K/AKT/mTOR, immune biomarkers, and ADC. The review concludes with a summary of the landscape of biomarker driven targeted therapies in advanced TNBC that has been improving outcomes of this aggressive disease.","PeriodicalId":74487,"journal":{"name":"Precision cancer medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67563430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Immunofluorescence, In Situ Hybridization and Alternative Forms of ‘Labeled’ Microscopy 免疫荧光，原位杂交和替代形式的“标记”显微镜

Precision cancer medicine Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-84087-7_14

B. Jasani, R. Huss, C. Taylor

引用次数: 0

An example of ALK non-small cell lung cancer sequence of treatment 一例ALK非小细胞肺癌的治疗顺序

Precision cancer medicine Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.21037/pcm-21-13

Alonso García Miriam, Sánchez Gastaldo Amparo, Bernabé Caro Reyes, B. Cristina, C. Irene

引用次数: 1