Natural sciences (Weinheim, Germany)最新文献_第8页

Computing light pollution indicators for environmental assessment 计算光污染环境评价指标

Natural sciences (Weinheim, Germany) Pub Date : 2021-04-06 DOI: 10.1002/NTLS.10019

F. Falchi, S. Bará

{"title":"Computing light pollution indicators for environmental assessment","authors":"F. Falchi, S. Bará","doi":"10.1002/NTLS.10019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/NTLS.10019","url":null,"abstract":"Light pollution modelling and monitoring has traditionally used zenith\u0000sky brightness as its main indicator. Several other indicators (e.g.\u0000average sky radiance, horizontal irradiance, average sky radiance at\u0000given interval of zenith distances) may be more useful, both for general\u0000and for specific purposes of ecology studies, night sky and\u0000environmental monitoring. These indicators can be calculated after the\u0000whole sky radiance is known with sufficient angular detail. This means,\u0000for each site, to integrate the contribution in each direction of the\u0000sky of each light source in the radius of hundreds of km. This approach\u0000is extremely high time consuming if the mapping is desired for a large\u0000territory. Here we present a way to obtain maps of large territories for\u0000a large subset of useful indicators, bypassing the need to calculate\u0000first the radiance map of the whole sky in each site to obtain from it\u0000the desired indicator in that site. For each indicator, a point spread\u0000function (PSF) is calculated from the whole sky radiance maps generated\u0000by a single source at sufficiently dense number of distances from the\u0000observing site. If the PSF is transversally shift-invariant, i.e. if it\u0000depends only on the relative position of source and observer, then we\u0000can further speed up the map calculation via the use of fast\u0000Fourier-transform (FFT). We present here examples of maps for different\u0000indicators. Precise results can be calculated for any single site,\u0000taking into account the site and light sources altitudes, by means of\u0000specific inhomogeneous (spatially-variant) and anisotropic (non\u0000rotationally symmetric) PSFs.","PeriodicalId":74244,"journal":{"name":"Natural sciences (Weinheim, Germany)","volume":"201 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79610251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Daptomycin exerts bactericidal effect through induction of excessive ROS production and blocking the function of stress response protein Usp2 达托霉素通过诱导过量ROS产生和阻断应激反应蛋白Usp2的功能发挥杀菌作用

Natural sciences (Weinheim, Germany) Pub Date : 2021-03-08 DOI: 10.1002/ntls.10023

K. H. L. Po, H. Chow, Qipeng Cheng, Bill Kwan-wai Chan, Xin Deng, Shuping Wang, E. Chan, H. Kong, Kin-Fai Chan, Xuechen Li, Sheng Chen

引用次数: 6

Parallel and antiparallel peptide double β‐helices controlled by metal‐induced folding and assembly 金属诱导折叠和组装控制的平行和反平行肽双β螺旋

Natural sciences (Weinheim, Germany) Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.1002/NTLS.10008

Tomohisa Sawada, Wataru Iwasaki, Motoya Yamagami, M. Fujita

{"title":"Parallel and antiparallel peptide double β‐helices controlled by metal‐induced folding and assembly","authors":"Tomohisa Sawada, Wataru Iwasaki, Motoya Yamagami, M. Fujita","doi":"10.1002/NTLS.10008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/NTLS.10008","url":null,"abstract":"Funding information JSPSGrants-in-Aid for SpeciallyPromotedResearch,Grant/AwardNumber: JP19H05461; ScientificResearch (B), Grant/AwardNumber: JP19H02697; JST PRESTO,Grant/AwardNumber: JPMJPR20A7 Abstract: Short peptideswith sequences of alternating Land D-residues are known to form antiparallel double β-helical structures, but their equilibrium structures have not been characterized in detail. Here, we use metal coordination of a simple octapeptide, -(L-Val-D-Val)4-, modified with two coordinating side chains at the (i, j)-th residues to uncover these elusive structures. When (i, j) = (3, 5), complexation with ZnI2 induces a parallel double β-helix, which is not commonly seen. In contrast, when (i, j) = (5, 7), a commonly occurring antiparallel double β-helix (Type I) is formed. Interestingly, complexation of the peptide with (i, j) = (3, 7) gives another antiparallel double β-helix, the unknown Type II structure, which has an inverted orientation of the two strands. Complexation of a monotopic peptide (i = 3) with trans-PdCl2 yields a Pd(II)-linked dimeric bundleof twoantiparallelβ-helices. These results demonstrate thatmetal coordination can induce even as-yet unrecognized structures in the folding and assembly pathways of short peptides.","PeriodicalId":74244,"journal":{"name":"Natural sciences (Weinheim, Germany)","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86498969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

A paramount problem solved at last: Paramagnetic catalysis of ortho‐para hydrogen conversion 最后解决了一个最重要的问题:正对氢转化的顺磁催化

Natural sciences (Weinheim, Germany) Pub Date : 2021-01-27 DOI: 10.1002/NTLS.10004

B. Friedrich

引用次数: 1

Chemical dynamics from the gas‐phase to surfaces 从气相到表面的化学动力学

Natural sciences (Weinheim, Germany) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 DOI: 10.1002/NTLS.10005

D. Auerbach, J. Tully, A. Wodtke

引用次数: 21

Review for "Direct measurement of key exciton properties: Energy, dynamics, and spatial distribution of the wave function" “关键激子性质的直接测量:波函数的能量、动力学和空间分布”综述

Natural sciences (Weinheim, Germany) Pub Date : 2020-12-30 DOI: 10.1002/ntls.10010

S. Dong, M. Puppin, T. Pincelli, S. Beaulieu, D. Christiansen, H. Hübener, C. Nicholson, R. Xian, M. Dendzik, Yunpei Deng, Y. W. Windsor, M. Selig, E. Malic, Á. Rubio, A. Knorr, M. Wolf, L. Rettig, R. Ernstorfer

引用次数: 47

Natural Sciences is debuting 自然科学是首次亮相

Natural sciences (Weinheim, Germany) Pub Date : 2020-12-18 DOI: 10.1002/ntls.10001

B. Friedrich, Marianne Bronner, Vivian Yam, G. Meijer

引用次数: 0

Para‐ortho hydrogen conversion: Solving a 90‐year old mystery 对位-正位氢转化:解决一个90年的谜团

Natural sciences (Weinheim, Germany) Pub Date : 2020-11-22 DOI: 10.1002/NTLS.10002

Xia Zhang, T. Karman, G. Groenenboom, A. van der Avoird

{"title":"Para‐ortho hydrogen conversion: Solving a 90‐year old mystery","authors":"Xia Zhang, T. Karman, G. Groenenboom, A. van der Avoird","doi":"10.1002/NTLS.10002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/NTLS.10002","url":null,"abstract":"Funding information ChinaScholarshipCouncil,NationalNatural ScienceFoundationofChina,Grant/Award Number: 11604118;ChinaPostdoctoral ScienceFoundation,Grant/AwardNumber: 2015M581390 Abstract Almost ninety years have passed since the experiments of Farkas and Sachsse [Z. Phys. Chem. B 1933; 23:1] on para-ortho hydrogen conversion catalyzed by paramagnetic species such as O2, but a detailed and quantitative understanding of the conversion process and its temperature dependencewas still lacking. Here, we present a complete and quantitative theoretical treatment of this catalytic process. Both interactions causing the conversion are included: the magnetic dipole-dipole coupling between the electron spin of O2 and the nuclear spins in H2 and the Fermi contact coupling from spin densities at the H-nuclei induced by O2. The latter were extracted from ab initio electronic structure calculations. State-to-state conversion cross sections and rate coefficients are obtained from quantummechanical coupled-channel calculations including the full anisotropic O2-H2 interaction potential and by treating both the spin-dependent couplings perturbatively. The total rate coefficient agrees with the experimental value recently measured by Wagner [Magn. Reson. Mater. Phys., Biol. Med. 2014; 27:195] in O2-H2 gas mixtures and explains the temperature dependence observed in the 1933measurements mentioned above.","PeriodicalId":74244,"journal":{"name":"Natural sciences (Weinheim, Germany)","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75727691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

ECOLOGICAL APPROACH TO STUDYING OF SOCIAL SYSTEM 社会系统研究的生态学方法

Natural sciences (Weinheim, Germany) Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.21672/1818-507X-2017-60-3-041-046

L. Chuikova

引用次数: 0

MORPHOFUNCTIONAL ASPECTS OF REGULATION THE VASCULAR SYSTEM OF THE NASAL CAVITY OF THE HUMAN 人类鼻腔血管系统的形态功能调控

Natural sciences (Weinheim, Germany) Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.21672/1818-507X2017-59-2-048-052

V. Petrov

引用次数: 0