Microbiology insights最新文献

{"title":"Enteric Bacterial Infections, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern, Intestinal Parasites, and Associated Factors Among Food Handlers in Yabelo Town, Borena Zone, Southern Ethiopia","authors":"Tibeso Gemechu, Alqeer Aliyo","doi":"10.1177/11786361231221717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786361231221717","url":null,"abstract":"Foodborne illnesses are the main cause of morbidity and mortality in the twenty-first century, and food handlers are the main source of these illnesses. The study aimed to assess the prevalence of intestinal parasites, enteric bacteria, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, and associated factors among food handlers working in a food and drinking establishment in Yabelo town, Borena zone, Southern Ethiopia, in 2022. A facility-based cross-sectional study design was employed to assess the food handler’s state of health. Data were gathered using semistructured questionnaires and observational checklists, and 396 regular stool samples were collected. Samples were examined with microscopy and bacteriological culture to isolate enteric bacteria. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 26 The factors that had a P-value of <.05 were considered statistically significant. Of the 396 stool samples collected, 164 (41.4%) were tested positive for intestinal parasites, while 40 (10.1%) were positive for enteric bacteria (Salmonella and Shigella). Among intestinal parasites, the most predominant parasite was Ascaris lumbricoides 48 (12.1%). All isolates of Salmonella and Shigella showed resistance to ampicillin. In multivariable analysis, not trimming fingernails regularly (AOR = 2.02, 95% CI 1.97-5.37), not washing hands with soap after the toilet (AOR = 3.02, 95% CI 2.37-5.62), and eating raw food (AOR = 2.1, 95% CI 1.79-6.51) have a significant association with the prevalence of bacteria and parasites. The majority of food handlers had poor hygiene practices, and the prevalence of parasites and bacteria was high in the study setting. Educational status, eating raw vegetables or fruit, hand washing after the toilet, and fingernail trimming have associations with the health status of food handlers.","PeriodicalId":74187,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology insights","volume":"48 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139456393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolving VZV Strains: Necessity for Continuous Surveillance and Adaptation of Vaccination Strategies in India","authors":"Sumitaksha Banerjee, Arghya Nath, Harendra Kumar, Dattatreya Mukherjee, N. P. Soni, Debankur Dey, Aymar Akilimali","doi":"10.1177/11786361231220122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786361231220122","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74187,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology insights","volume":"6 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139631868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacteriological Profile and Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Sepsis-Causing Bacteria at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a Tertiary Health Care Facility in Ghana","authors":"Kwame Opare-Asamoah, E. K. Vicar, Samuel E Acquah, Lawrence Quaye, Abdul-Mumin Alhassan, Saeed F Majeed, Abigail Asantewaa Sakyi, Endorah Fotwe Blankson, Kwasi Boadu Mensah","doi":"10.1177/11786361231218169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786361231218169","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Neonatal sepsis is a clinical emergency that requires sound evaluation supported by accurate laboratory analysis and timely clinical intervention for its management. This study, therefore, was conducted to identify bacteria causing neonatal sepsis and their susceptibility to the commonly prescribed antibiotic at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a tertiary health care facility in the Northern Region of Ghana. Methods: Neonatal biodata were collected from patient folders, after which identification, isolation, and susceptibility of isolated bacteria to prescribed anti-bacterial (Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method) were carried out on single venipuncture blood samples aseptically drawn from 275 neonates clinically diagnosed with sepsis. Results: 275 neonates took part in the study, of which 218 (79.3%) presented with early-onset sepsis (EOS) and 57 (20.7%) with late-onset sepsis (LOS). The laboratory results confirmed a septicemia prevalence of 70.3% among neonates clinically diagnosed with sepsis. Preterm delivery (P = .01), hypothermia (P = .001), and delivery at the tertiary healthcare facility were significantly associated with EOS (P < .000), while low birth weight (P = .012), duration of hospital stay (P = .001), and delivery at the tertiary healthcare facility (P < .000) were found to be significantly associated with LOS. Gram-positive cocci constituted 54.9% (107), with Gram-negative constituting 45.1% (88) of all the bacteria isolates. Coagulase-negative staphylococcus (CoNS) 70.1% (75) and Klebsiella species 39.8% (35) were the dominant Gram-positive and Gram-negative isolates, respectively. 57.8% and 55.8% of CoNS isolates were susceptible to ampicillin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, respectively. 93.5% of CoNS and all the isolated Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella species were susceptible to amikacin. Conclusions: Coagulase-negative staphylococcus (CoNS) and Klebsiella species were the predominant Gram-positive and negative sepsis-causing agents at the NICU, respectively. Amikacin exhibited the highest sensitivity to Gram-positive and negative causative agents, making it a strong candidate for consideration in the facility’s empirical treatment of neonatal sepsis.","PeriodicalId":74187,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology insights","volume":"12 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138584321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Syphilis Outbreak in Japan, an Emerging Concern.","authors":"Dattatreya Mukherjee, Sumitaksha Banerjee, Harendra Kumar, Ananya Bhowmick, Md Maniruzzaman, Aymar Akilimali","doi":"10.1177/11786361231209610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786361231209610","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74187,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology insights","volume":"16 ","pages":"11786361231209610"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10676055/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138464860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safeguarding India Amidst the EG.5 Variant: A Pragmatic Outlook.","authors":"Novonil Deb, Poulami Roy, Vikash Jaiswal, Ranjit Sah","doi":"10.1177/11786361231206128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786361231206128","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74187,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology insights","volume":"16 ","pages":"11786361231206128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10657524/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138464859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Rising Tide of a Deadly Bacteria: How Warming Waters are Fueling the Spread of Vibrio Vulnificus.","authors":"Priyanka Choudhary, Prakasini Satapathy, Amit Kumar Mital, Sarvesh Rustagi, Keerti Bhusan Pradhan, Aroop Mohanty, Bijaya K Padhi, Ranjit Sah","doi":"10.1177/11786361231204672","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11786361231204672","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74187,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology insights","volume":"16 ","pages":"11786361231204672"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10638865/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89720999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Candida Auris</i>: An Emerging Multidrug-Resistant Fungal Pathogen in the United States and the Urgent Call for Action.","authors":"Harendra Kumar,&nbsp;Dattatreya Mukherjee,&nbsp;Sumitaksha Banerjee,&nbsp;Prasant Upadhyay,&nbsp;Vagisha Sharma,&nbsp;Aymer Akilimali","doi":"10.1177/11786361231200836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786361231200836","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74187,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology insights","volume":"16 ","pages":"11786361231200836"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3d/2e/10.1177_11786361231200836.PMC10517606.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41179788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 Burden in Wastewater and its Elimination Using Disinfection.","authors":"Prashanna Koirala,&nbsp;Sandesh Dhakal,&nbsp;Bikram Malla,&nbsp;Archana Ghimire,&nbsp;Mohammad Ataullah Siddiqui,&nbsp;Prabin Dawadi","doi":"10.1177/11786361231201598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786361231201598","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pathogenic viruses have been abundant and diverse in wastewater, reflecting the pattern of infection in humans. Human feces, urine, and perhaps other washouts that frequently circulate in sewage systems may contaminate wastewater with SARS-CoV-2. It's crucial to effectively disinfect wastewater since poorly handled wastewater could put the population at risk of infection.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To emphasize the presence and spread of SARS-CoV-2 in sewage (wastewater) through viral shedding from the patients to detect the virus in the population using wastewater-based epidemiology. Also, to effectively manage the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and reduce the spread of the virus in the population using disinfectants is highlighted.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We evaluated articles from December 2019 to August 2022 that addressed SARS-CoV-2 shedding in wastewater and surveillance through wastewater-based epidemiology. We included the papers on wastewater disinfection for the elimination of SARS-CoV-2. Google Scholar, PubMed, and Research4Life are the three electronic databases from which all of the papers were retrieved.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It is possible for viral shedding to get into the wastewater. The enumeration of viral RNA from it can be used to monitor virus circulation in the human community. SARS-CoV-2 can be removed from wastewater by using modern disinfection techniques such as sodium hypochlorite, liquid chlorine, chlorine dioxide, peracetic acid, and ultraviolet light.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SARS-CoV-2 burden estimates at the population level can be obtained via longitudinal examination of wastewater, and SARS-CoV-2 can be removed from the wastewater through disinfection.</p>","PeriodicalId":74187,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology insights","volume":"16 ","pages":"11786361231201598"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/96/c6/10.1177_11786361231201598.PMC10517603.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41175566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence of Diarrheagenic Pathogens and Their Coinfection Profiles in Diarrheic Under Five Children and Tracked Human Contacts in Urban and Rural Settings of Eastern Ethiopia.","authors":"Dinaol Belina,&nbsp;Tesfaye Gobena,&nbsp;Ameha Kebede,&nbsp;Meseret Chimdessa,&nbsp;Yonas Hailu,&nbsp;Tine Hald","doi":"10.1177/11786361231196527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786361231196527","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diarrheagenic <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Campylobacter</i>, Nontyphoidal <i>Salmonella</i>, and <i>Shigella</i> are common cause of childhood diarrhea in countries like Ethiopia, but data on their sources and coinfection profiles is limited. A cross sectional study was conducted from November 2021 to January 2023 to determine the prevalence, coinfection, and monthly occurrence rates of major diarrheagenic bacteria in diarrheic under five children and asymptomatic contacts at urban and rural settings in Ethiopia. A total of 345 stool samples were collected from; 262 diarrheic children visiting Hiwot Fana Hospital, Kersa, and Adelle Health Centers; and 83 caretakers and siblings through case based contact tracing. Samples were analyzed using standard laboratory procedures and the overall prevalence of enteric pathogens was 26.96%, with the highest isolation rate during the winter and peaks of 73.91% in February. The occurrence of the pathogens in children and tracked contacts was 27.86 and 24.09%, respectively. In our study, 8.53% coinfection and 23.66% single pathogen infection was recorded in diarrheic children. The study also showed 4.51 and 3.88% of diarrhea in children from urban and rural had attributed to bacterial coinfection, respectively. The most prevalent pathogen in diarrheic children was Diarrheagenic <i>E. coli</i> (10.31%), and followed by <i>Campylobacter</i>. On the other hand, Diarrheagenic <i>E. coli</i> was the second dominant bacteria following <i>Shigella</i> in the traced contacts, with prevalence of 8.43% and 9.64%, respectively. Based on the study site, the prevalence of Diarrheagenic <i>E. coli</i> and Nontyphoidal <i>Salmonella</i> was higher in children from urban than those from rural. However, the occurrence of each pathogen had no significant differences (<i>P</i> > .05) between settings. The high pathogens occurrence rate in the current study indicates the need for strong control strategies and better child carrying and treatment of diarrheal diseases at both urban and rural settings. Further studies on possible sources and factors attributing to the occurrence of enteric pathogens in children are also recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":74187,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology insights","volume":"16 ","pages":"11786361231196527"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/fd/89/10.1177_11786361231196527.PMC10510352.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41180645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vaginal Carriage of Group B <i>Streptococcus</i> (GBS) in Pregnant Women, Antibiotic Sensitivity and Associated Risk Factors in Dakar, Senegal.","authors":"Ndeye Safietou Ngom, Omar Gassama, Assane Dieng, Elhadji Bambo Diakhaby, Serigne Mbaye Lo Ndiaye, Alioune Tine, Farba Karam, Gora Lo, Awa Ba-Diallo, Cheikh Saad Bouh Boye, Coumba Toure-Kane, Abdoulaye Seck, Halimatou Diop-Ndiaye, Makhtar Camara","doi":"10.1177/11786361231174419","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11786361231174419","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The eradication of neonatal Group B <i>Streptococcus</i> (GBS) infections, considered as a major public health priority, necessarily requires a mastery of the data on vaginal carriage in pregnant women. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of vaginal carriage of GBS in pregnant women, antibiotic susceptibility, and associated risk factors. This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study conducted over a period of 9 months (July 2020 to March 2021) in pregnant women between 34 and 38 weeks of gestation (WG) followed at the Nabil Choucair health center in Dakar. Identification and antibiotic susceptibility of GBS isolates were performed on the Vitek 2 from vaginal swabs cultured on Granada medium. Demographic and obstetric interview data were collected and analyzed on SPSS (version 25). The level of significance for all statistical tests was set at <i>P</i> < .05. The search of GBS vaginal carriage had involved 279 women aged 16 to 46 years, with a median pregnancy age of 34 (34-37) weeks' gestation. GBS was found in 43 women, for a vaginal carriage rate of 15.4%. In 27.9% (12/43) of volunteers screened, this carriage was monomicrobial, while in 72.1% (31/43) of women, GBS was associated with other pathogens such as <i>Candida</i> spp. (60.5%), <i>Trichomonas vaginalis</i> (2.3%), <i>Gardnerella vaginalis</i> (34.9%) and/or <i>Mobiluncus</i> spp. (11.6%). The level of resistance was 27.9% (12/43) for penicillin G, 53.5% (23/43) for erythromycin, 25.6% (11/43) for clindamycin and 100% for tetracycline. However, the strains had retained fully susceptible to vancomycin and teicoplanin. The main risk factor associated with maternal GBS carriage were ectocervical inflammation associated with contact bleeding (OR = 3.55; <i>P</i> = .005). The high rate of maternal vaginal GBS carriage and the levels of resistance to the various antibiotics tested confirm the importance of continuous GBS surveillance in our resource-limited countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":74187,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology insights","volume":"16 ","pages":"11786361231174419"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/72/9c/10.1177_11786361231174419.PMC10233617.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10290698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}