Cihang Bao MD , Ping Li MD , Weiwei Wang MD , Zheng Wang MD , Xin Cai MD , Qing Zhang MD
{"title":"Intensity Modulated Carbon Ion Radiation Therapy Using Pencil Beam Scanning Technology for Patients With Unresectable Sacrococcygeal Chordoma","authors":"Cihang Bao MD , Ping Li MD , Weiwei Wang MD , Zheng Wang MD , Xin Cai MD , Qing Zhang MD","doi":"10.1016/j.adro.2024.101558","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adro.2024.101558","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To investigate the safety and efficacy of intensity modulated carbon ion radiation therapy (IM-CIRT) using pencil beam scanning technology for patients with unresectable sacrococcygeal chordoma (SC).</div></div><div><h3>Methods and Materials</h3><div>A total of 35 patients with unresectable SC were retrospectively analyzed, including 54.3% (19/35) recurrent cases. In 68.6% (24/35) cases, tumor was located in S2 or above, and all cases were treated with hypofractionated IM-CIRT. The median dose was 70.4 Gy (range, 69-80 Gy) (relative biologic effectiveness) in 16 fractions (range, 16-23 fractions), typically delivered over 5 fractions per week.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The 3-year overall survival, cause-specific survival, progression-free survival, locoregional progression–free survival, and distant metastasis–free survival rates with a median follow-up time of 42 months (range, 12-91 months) for the entire cohort were 93.2%, 96.3%, 61.8%, 80%, and 77.3%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that gross tumor volume (hazard ratio, 3.807; 95% CI, 1.044-13.887; <em>P</em> = .043) was the only significant prognostic factor for progression-free survival and the dose for the gross tumor volume ≥70.4 Gy (relative biologic effectiveness) was relevant with significantly better locoregional progression–free survival (hazard ratio, 0.190; 95% CI, 0.038-0.940; <em>P</em> = .042). No significant prognostic factor for overall survival, cause-specific survival, and distant metastasis–free survival and no severe (ie, grade ≥3) acute toxicity were identified. Severe late toxicities occurred in 3 patients (8.57%): pain (1 patient), motor neuropathy (1 patient), and skin ulcer (1 patient). Furthermore, no severe toxicity related to urinary function or defecation was observed following IM-CIRT. Pain grades improved or remained unchanged in 85.7% of patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>IM-CIRT produced acceptable 3-year outcomes without substantial late adverse effects, especially urinary and anorectal complications for SC, and did not appear to increase pain. IM-CIRT at high doses using hypofractionated radiation therapy may improve outcomes for local control and seems to be feasible even for postoperative recurrent SC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7390,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Radiation Oncology","volume":"9 11","pages":"Article 101558"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141694193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lei Wang FRCR, Jonathan Mohajer MSc, Helen McNair PhD, Emma Harris PhD, Susan Lalondrelle FRCR, PhD
{"title":"Implementing Plan of the Day for Cervical Cancer: A Comparison of Target Volume Generation Methods","authors":"Lei Wang FRCR, Jonathan Mohajer MSc, Helen McNair PhD, Emma Harris PhD, Susan Lalondrelle FRCR, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.adro.2024.101560","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adro.2024.101560","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Owing to substantial interfraction motion in cervical cancer, plan-of-the-day (PotD) adaptive radiation therapy may be of benefit to patients. Implementation is limited by uncertainty over how to generate the planning target volumes (PTVs). We compared published methods on our own patients.</p></div><div><h3>Methods and Materials</h3><p>Forty patients each had 3 planning scans with variable bladder filling and daily cone beam computed tomographies (cone beam CTs) during radiation therapy; 5 to 11 cone beam CTs were selected to represent interfraction motion. Clinical target volumes (CTVs) and organs at risk were contoured following EMBRACE-II guidelines. A literature search identified 30 adaptive and nonadaptive solutions to PTV generation, which we applied to our patients. PTV sizes and mean coverage of the daily CTV were determined. For 11 patients, the clinically implemented, subjectively edited plan library was also investigated.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Eleven studies assessed 15 PotD strategies against nonadaptive comparators on a median of 14 patients (range, 9-23). Some PotD approaches applied margin recipes to the CTV on each planning scan, some modeled the CTV against bladder volume, and others applied incremental isotropic margins to the CTV with a single planning scan. Generally, coverage improved as PTV size increased. The fixed isotropic margin required to provide 100% coverage of all patients was 44 mm, with a mean PTV size of 3316 cm<sup>3</sup>. The PotD strategy with the best coverage was a 2-plan library formed by modeling the CTV against bladder volume with extrapolation; it provided 98% mean coverage with 1419-cm<span><span><sup>3</sup></span></span> mean PTV size. A 3-plan library consisting of the CTV on each planning scan with 10-mm margin provided 96% mean coverage with 1346-cm<span><span><sup>3</sup></span></span> mean PTV size. The clinically implemented solution that employed subjective extrapolation had mean 100% coverage and 1282-cm<span><span><sup>3</sup></span></span> PTV size on the 11-patient subset. Coverage provided by the best nonadaptive strategies was not statistically superior to the best PotD strategy (<em>P</em> = .13), but PTVs were larger (<em>P</em> = .02).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>We identified a modeled 2-plan method and a simple 3-plan method, both of which provided excellent coverage with small PTVs compared with nonadaptive strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7390,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Radiation Oncology","volume":"9 9","pages":"Article 101560"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452109424001234/pdfft?md5=08e177ff8b01ab0b57e20ce51574c7bb&pid=1-s2.0-S2452109424001234-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141716768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy Use for Breast Cancer in Japan: A Nationwide Study","authors":"Misuzu Fujita PhD , Kengo Nagashima PhD , Takashi Uno MD, PhD , Hideyuki Hashimoto MD, PhD , Kiminori Suzuki MD, PhD , Tokuzo Kasai MD, PhD , Kazuya Yamaguchi MD, PhD , Yoshihiro Onouchi MD, PhD , Daisuke Sato PhD , Takehiko Fujisawa MD, PhD , Akira Hata MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.adro.2024.101555","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adro.2024.101555","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Hypofractionated radiation therapy (RT) was recommended for several cancer sites to reduce outpatient visits during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to identify the impact of the pandemic on hypofractionated RT for breast cancer in Japan.</p></div><div><h3>Methods and Materials</h3><p>The monthly number of courses for hypofractionated and conventional RTs was counted using sample data sets from the National Database of Health Insurance Claims and Specific Health Checkups of Japan, a nationwide database accumulating insurance claims data comprehensively. Changes in the number of hypofractionated and conventional RTs were estimated using an interrupted time-series analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The number of hypofractionated RT courses gradually increased before the pandemic in contrast to that of conventional RT courses, which gradually decreased. However, conventional RT remained outnumbered by hypofractionated RT throughout the observation period. After the outbreak of the pandemic, the use of hypofractionated RT significantly increased in April 2020 (1312 courses; 95% CI, 801-1823) but decreased in October 2020 (−601; 95% CI, −1111 to −92). Subgroup analysis by age and the number of beds in medical institutions revealed similar trends.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Although conventional RT for breast cancer has been gradually replaced by hypofractionated RT, it remains predominant. The use of hypofractionated RT increased briefly early in the COVID-19 pandemic; however, this increase was not sustained, unlike in other countries. Considering the benefits of hypofractionated RT for breast cancer, its use should be encouraged in Japan.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7390,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Radiation Oncology","volume":"9 8","pages":"Article 101555"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452109424001180/pdfft?md5=3465d629d57d09f203b6fc0da720f2f7&pid=1-s2.0-S2452109424001180-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141630475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Prospective Pilot Study of Pencil Beam Scanning Proton Radiation Therapy as a Component of Trimodality Therapy for Esophageal Cancer","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.adro.2024.101547","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adro.2024.101547","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>To evaluate the safety and efficacy of pencil beam scanning (PBS) proton radiation therapy (RT) in trimodality therapy for esophageal cancer.</p></div><div><h3>Methods and Materials</h3><p>This prospective pilot study was planned to accrue 30 patients with locally advanced esophageal or gastroesophageal junction carcinoma medically suitable for chemoradiation therapy (CRT) followed by esophagectomy. PBS proton RT consisted of 25 fractions, 50 Gy to tumor + 1 cm and 45 Gy to a 3.5 cm mucosal expansion and regional lymph nodes. Chemotherapy included weekly carboplatin (area under the curve, 2 mg/mL/min) and paclitaxel (50 mg/m<sup>2</sup>). At 4 to 8 weeks after CRT, patients underwent restaging and potential esophagectomy. The primary endpoint was acute grade 3+ adverse events (AEs) attributed to CRT. Overall survival and progression-free survival were assessed using the Kaplan-Meier methodology; local-regional recurrence and distant metastases rates were assessed using the cumulative incidence methodology. The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Esophagus assessed quality of life.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Thirty eligible patients were enrolled from June 2015 to April 2017. Median age was 68 years. Histology was adenocarcinoma in 87%, and location was distal esophagus/gastroesophageal junction in 90%. Stage was T3 to T4 in 87% and N1 to N3 in 80%. All patients completed the planned RT dose. Acute grade 3+ AEs occurred in 30%, most commonly leukopenia and neutropenia. Acute grade 3+ nonhematologic AEs occurred in 3%. Esophagectomy was performed in 90% of patients (R0 in 93%). Pathologic complete response rate was 40%. Major postoperative complications (Clavien-Dindo score, ≥3) occurred in 34%. Postoperative mortality at 30 days was 3.7%. Median follow-up was 5.2 years. Five-year outcome estimates were overall survival at 46%, progression-free survival at 39%, local-regional recurrence at 17%, and distant metastases at 40%. Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Esophagus scores (medians) at baseline, at the end of CRT, before esophagectomy, at 12 months, and at 24 months were 145, 136 (<em>p</em> = .0002 vs baseline), 144, 146 and 157, respectively.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>PBS proton RT is feasible and safe as a component of trimodality therapy for esophageal cancer.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7390,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Radiation Oncology","volume":"9 8","pages":"Article 101547"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452109424001106/pdfft?md5=8cf6180c75a3851f8d4d1bb957d4eee3&pid=1-s2.0-S2452109424001106-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141415949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Recurrent Glioblastoma Target Contours via 11C-Methionine, 68Ga-Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Positron Emission Tomography, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Implications for Precision Radiotherapy Planning","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.adro.2024.101548","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adro.2024.101548","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Glioblastoma (GBM) recurrence poses challenges in radiation therapy treatment planning because reirradiation has limited leeway needed for precise target delineation. Although effective radiotracers are emerging for treatment planning, comparisons of <sup>11</sup>C-methionine positron emission tomography (MET-PET), <sup>68</sup>Ga-prostate-specific membrane antigen PET (PSMA-PET), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for contouring recurrent GBMs are lacking in the literature. This case study aimed to highlight the differences and similarities in target contours delineated from 3 examinations, aiming to raise doubts about the adequacy of current radiation therapy planning practices.</p></div><div><h3>Methods and Materials</h3><p>A 37-year-old female patient with recurrent Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)1/2 wild-type GBM underwent MRI, MET-PET, and PSMA-PET scans. Target delineations were performed, and volumes were compared using the Dice similarity coefficient, conformity index, and overlap volume, considering different planning target volume margins.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We found that MET-PET and MRI volumes showed superior agreement compared with PSMA-PET across all similarity parameters, indicating a more marked discrepancy between PSMA-PET and other modalities. Increasing planning target volume margins demonstrated progressive convergence in intervolume discrepancies. Notably, PSMA-PET delineated larger volumes extending beyond MRI-based volumes.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>MRI alone may not suffice for target delineation in recurrent GBMs. PET imaging modalities offer complementary insights. Combined PET-MRI guidance could improve tumor boundary detection in target delineation for reirradiation. Prospective trials are necessary to ascertain its impact on patient outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7390,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Radiation Oncology","volume":"9 9","pages":"Article 101548"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452109424001118/pdfft?md5=ddbb8f70ebb7616e5acf4ccd15fdc898&pid=1-s2.0-S2452109424001118-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141396909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dylan J. Cooper MD , Jacob Eckstein MD , Baho Sidiqi MD, MPH , Zaker H. Rana MD , Ariana Matarangas BA , Ashna Shah BA , Nefia Chacko BA , Joseph Mancuso BS , Travis Minutoli BS , Alana Zinkin BS , Kirti Sharma BS , Ria Mehta BA , Louis Potters MD , Bhupesh Parashar MD, DrPH
{"title":"Trait Mindfulness and Social Support Predict Lower Perceived Stress Burden in Patients Undergoing Radiation Therapy","authors":"Dylan J. Cooper MD , Jacob Eckstein MD , Baho Sidiqi MD, MPH , Zaker H. Rana MD , Ariana Matarangas BA , Ashna Shah BA , Nefia Chacko BA , Joseph Mancuso BS , Travis Minutoli BS , Alana Zinkin BS , Kirti Sharma BS , Ria Mehta BA , Louis Potters MD , Bhupesh Parashar MD, DrPH","doi":"10.1016/j.adro.2024.101546","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adro.2024.101546","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Cancer diagnosis and treatment, including radiation therapy (RT), cause significant patient stress. Mindfulness and social support have been shown to help manage the psychological effects of cancer treatment. The objective of our study was to determine the sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with stress burden in patients receiving RT.</p></div><div><h3>Methods and Materials</h3><p>Patients receiving RT for cancer at a single institution were given a 3-section survey to complete during the first on-treatment visit. The survey included the Perceived Stress Scale, Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey, and Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale, which were used to measure stress, social support, and trait mindfulness, respectively. Linear regression analysis was performed to determine associations between perceived stress and age, patient sex, race and ethnicity, treatment intent, disease site, trait mindfulness, and social support. Factors significant in univariable analysis were analyzed with a multivariable analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 93 patients undergoing RT at a tertiary care academic institution were recruited from July to September 2019. Median scores for Perceived Stress Scale, Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey, and Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale were 14.6 (range, 0-31; SD, 6.9), 4.2 (range, 1-5; SD, 1.0), and 5.1 (range, 3.1-6.0; SD, 0.8), respectively. On univariable analysis, mindfulness and social support were associated with decreased stress burden, and female sex and palliative intent were associated with increased stress burden. These factors all maintained significance in multivariable analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>These results suggest measures to improve mindfulness and perceived social support, such as mindfulness meditation and psychoeducational approaches, may lessen the stress burden and improve quality of life for patients undergoing RT. Future studies should analyze the longitudinal impact of individual patient characteristics, including patient sex and treatment intent, to better understand their effects on psychological maladjustment during cancer care.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7390,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Radiation Oncology","volume":"9 8","pages":"Article 101546"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S245210942400109X/pdfft?md5=05fbbd8d56a98aeac6df53d283024bb6&pid=1-s2.0-S245210942400109X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141275903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Erratum to: Crooks J, Dominic O, Shephard M, et al. Cost of Treatment for Brain Metastases Using Data From a National Health Insurance Provider. Adv Radiat Oncol. 2024;9:101438.","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.adro.2024.101536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adro.2024.101536","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7390,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Radiation Oncology","volume":"9 6","pages":"Article 101536"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S245210942400099X/pdfft?md5=380e1a9af751ae00732461498e7c26ae&pid=1-s2.0-S245210942400099X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141322640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}