Journal of perceptual imaging最新文献

{"title":"Modeling the Relationship between Impressions and Image Features of Crinkle Finish of DSLR Camera","authors":"Takayuki Gotoh, T. Sone, Yusuke Tani, Kensuke Tobitani, N. Nagata","doi":"10.2352/j.percept.imaging.2020.3.2.020503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2352/j.percept.imaging.2020.3.2.020503","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, the authors study the relationships between the principal impressions of crinkle-finished surfaces, which are found on camera exteriors, and the characteristics of test images of crinkle-finished surfaces. They extracted impression words for the surfaces through subjective experiments with humans. The results suggest that the impression is affected by five factors: two physical impression factors and three emotional impression factors. The surface images were obtained using a multi-angle measurement system that was built to collect images under various conditions. The authors used stepwise multiple regression to derive equations to predict the impressions of the surface given the characteristics of its test images. The results of the equations are highly correlated with the subjective scores of the five impression factors. These models will enable designers to design attractive crinkle-finished surfaces and camera exteriors. c © 2020 Society for Imaging Science and","PeriodicalId":73895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of perceptual imaging","volume":"14 1","pages":"20503-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74779894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural and Neuromimetic Perception: A Comparative Study of Gender Classification from Human Gait","authors":"V. Sarangi, A. Pelah, W. Hahn, Elan Barenholtz","doi":"10.2352/j.percept.imaging.2020.3.1.010402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2352/j.percept.imaging.2020.3.1.010402","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Humans are adept at perceiving biological motion for purposes such as the discrimination of gender. Observers classify the gender of a walker at significantly above chance levels from a point-light distribution of joint trajectories. However, performance drops to\u0000 chance level or below for vertically inverted stimuli, a phenomenon known as the inversion effect. This lack of robustness may reflect either a generic learning mechanism that has been exposed to insufficient instances of inverted stimuli or the activation of specialized mechanisms that are\u0000 pre-tuned to upright stimuli. To address this issue, the authors compare the psychophysical performance of humans with the computational performance of neuromimetic machine-learning models in the classification of gender from gait by using the same biological motion stimulus set. Experimental\u0000 results demonstrate significant similarities, which include those in the predominance of kinematic motion cues over structural cues in classification accuracy. Second, learning is expressed in the presence of the inversion effect in the models as in humans, suggesting that humans may use generic\u0000 learning systems in the perception of biological motion in this task. Finally, modifications are applied to the model based on human perception, which mitigates the inversion effect and improves performance accuracy. The study proposes a paradigm for the investigation of human gender perception\u0000 from gait and makes use of perceptual characteristics to develop a robust artificial gait classifier for potential applications such as clinical movement analysis.","PeriodicalId":73895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of perceptual imaging","volume":"68 1","pages":"10402-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75949011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From the Editor","authors":"B. Rogowitz, T. Pappas","doi":"10.2352/j.percept.imaging.2020.3.1.010101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2352/j.percept.imaging.2020.3.1.010101","url":null,"abstract":"intestinal permeability and the immune response to enteric bacterial antigens in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Their finding of an increased systemic concentration of antibodies to lipid A in patients with inflammatory bowel disease is in agreement with studies showing increased titres of antibodies to the endotoxin core,l to peptidoglycan-polysaccharide complexes,2 and to a variety of enteric bacteria3 in these diseases. These studies offer indirect evidence of mucosal barrier dysfunction in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, which supports the more direct evidence provided by the measurement of systemic endotoxin concen- or by bacterial culture studies.'","PeriodicalId":73895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of perceptual imaging","volume":"12 1","pages":"10101-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82974508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From the Editor","authors":"B. Rogowitz, T. Pappas","doi":"10.2352/j.percept.imaging.2020.3.2.020101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2352/j.percept.imaging.2020.3.2.020101","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of perceptual imaging","volume":"44 1","pages":"20101-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83669290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Accelerated Cue Combination Principle Accounts for Multi-cue Depth Perception","authors":"C. Tyler","doi":"10.2352/j.percept.imaging.2020.3.1.010501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2352/j.percept.imaging.2020.3.1.010501","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract For the visual world in which we operate, the core issue is to conceptualize how its three-dimensional structure is encoded through the neural computation of multiple depth cues and their integration to a unitary depth structure. One approach to this issue is the full Bayesian model of scene understanding, but this is shown to require selection from the implausibly large number of possible scenes. An alternative approach is to propagate the implied depth structure solution for the scene through the “belief propagation” algorithm on general probability distributions. However, a more efficient model of local slant propagation is developed as an alternative.The overall depth percept must be derived from the combination of all available depth cues, but a simple linear summation rule across, say, a dozen different depth cues, would massively overestimate the perceived depth in the scene in cases where each cue alone provides a close-to-veridical depth estimate. On the other hand, a Bayesian averaging or “modified weak fusion” model for depth cue combination does not provide for the observed enhancement of perceived depth from weak depth cues. Thus, the current models do not account for the empirical properties of perceived depth from multiple depth cues.The present analysis shows that these problems can be addressed by an asymptotic, or hyperbolic Minkowski, approach to cue combination. With appropriate parameters, this first-order rule gives strong summation for a few depth cues, but the effect of an increasing number of cues beyond that remains too weak to account for the available degree of perceived depth magnitude. Finally, an accelerated asymptotic rule is proposed to match the empirical strength of perceived depth as measured, with appropriate behavior for any number of depth cues.","PeriodicalId":73895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of perceptual imaging","volume":"23 1","pages":"10501-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82530091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurocomputational Lightness Model Explains the Appearance of Real Surfaces Viewed Under Gelb Illumination.","authors":"Michael E Rudd","doi":"10.2352/j.percept.imaging.2020.3.1.010502","DOIUrl":"10.2352/j.percept.imaging.2020.3.1.010502","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One of the primary functions of visual perception is to represent, estimate, and evaluate the properties of material surfaces in the visual environment. One such property is surface color, which can convey important information about ecologically relevant object characteristics such as the ripeness of fruit and the emotional reactions of humans in social interactions. This paper further develops and applies a neural model (Rudd, 2013, 2017) of how the human visual system represents the light/dark dimension of color-known as lightness-and computes the colors of achromatic material surfaces in real-world spatial contexts. Quantitative lightness judgments conducted with real surfaces viewed under Gelb (i.e., spotlight) illumination are analyzed and simulated using the model. According to the model, luminance ratios form the inputs to ON- and OFF-cells, which encode local luminance increments and decrements, respectively. The response properties of these cells are here characterized by physiologically motivated equations in which different parameters are assumed for the two cell types. Under non-saturating conditions, ON-cells respond in proportion to a compressive power law of the local incremental luminance in the image that causes them to respond, while OFF-cells respond linearly to local decremental luminance. ON- and OFF-cell responses to edges are log-transformed at a later stage of neural processing and then integrated across space to compute lightness via an edge integration process that can be viewed as a neurally elaborated version of Land's retinex model (Land & McCann, 1971). It follows from the model assumptions that the perceptual weights-interpreted as neural gain factors-that the model observer applies to steps in log luminance at edges in the edge integration process are determined by the product of a polarity-dependent factor 1-by which incremental steps in log luminance (i.e., edges) are weighted by the value <1.0 and decremental steps are weighted by 1.0-and a distance-dependent factor 2, whose edge weightings are estimated to fit perceptual data. The model accounts quantitatively (to within experimental error) for the following: lightness constancy failures observed when the illumination level on a simultaneous contrast display is changed (Zavagno, Daneyko, & Liu, 2018); the degree of dynamic range compression in the staircase-Gelb paradigm (Cataliotti & Gilchrist, 1995; Zavagno, Annan, & Caputo, 2004); partial releases from compression that occur when the staircase-Gelb papers are reordered (Zavagno, Annan, & Caputo, 2004); and the larger compression release that occurs when the display is surrounded by a white border (Gilchrist & Cataliotti, 1994).</p>","PeriodicalId":73895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of perceptual imaging","volume":"3 1","pages":"105021-1050216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10038117/pdf/nihms-1874496.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9552132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Texture Structure on the Perception of Color Composition","authors":"Jing Wang, J. Zujovic, June Choi, Basabdutta Chakraborty, R. Egmond, H. Ridder, T. Pappas","doi":"10.2352/j.percept.imaging.2020.3.1.010401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2352/j.percept.imaging.2020.3.1.010401","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The authors explore the influence of the structure of a texture image on the perception of its color composition through a series of psychophysical studies. They estimate the color composition of a texture by extracting its dominant colors and the associated percentages.\u0000 They then synthesize new textures with the same color composition but different geometric structural patterns. They conduct empirical studies in the form of two-alternative forced choice tests to determine the influence of two structural factors, pattern scale and shape, on the perceived amount\u0000 of target color. The results of their studies indicate that (a) participants are able to consistently assess differences in color composition for textures of similar shape and scale, and (b) the perception of color composition is nonveridical. Pattern scale and shape have a strong influence\u0000 on perceived color composition: the larger the scale, the higher the perceived amount of the target color, and the more elongated the shape, the lower the perceived amount of the target color. The authors also present a simple model that is consistent with the results of their empirical studies\u0000 by accounting for the reduced visibility of the pixels near the color boundaries. In addition to a better understanding of human perception of color composition, their findings will contribute to the development of color texture similarity metrics.","PeriodicalId":73895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of perceptual imaging","volume":"28 1","pages":"10401-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89278687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What is the \"opposite\" of \"blue\"? The language of colour wheels (JPI-first)","authors":"N. Dodgson","doi":"10.2352/j.percept.imaging.2019.2.1.010401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2352/j.percept.imaging.2019.2.1.010401","url":null,"abstract":"© Society for Imaging Science and Technology 2019 A color wheel is a tool for ordering and understanding hue. Different color wheels differ in the spacing of the colors around the wheel. The opponent-color theory, Munsell's color system, the standard printer's primaries, the artist's primaries, and Newton's rainbow all present different variations of the color wheel. I show that some of this variation is owing to imprecise use of language, based on Berlin and Kay's theory of basic color names. I also show that the artist's color wheel is an outlier that does not match well to the technical color wheels because its principal colors are so strongly connected to the basic color names.","PeriodicalId":73895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of perceptual imaging","volume":"72 1","pages":"10401-1-10401-12(12)"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87246086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between Faithfulness and Preference of Stars in a Planetarium","authors":"Midori Tanaka, T. Horiuchi, Ken’ichi Otani","doi":"10.2352/J.PERCEPT.IMAGING.2019.2.1.010402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2352/J.PERCEPT.IMAGING.2019.2.1.010402","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A planetarium imitates a starry sky with physical and technical limitations using a dome, projector, and light source. It is widely used for entertainment, and astronomy and physics educations. In our previous study, we investigated the evaluation for faithful reproduction\u0000 of a star field in a planetarium by performing psychometric experiments with 20 observers for plural projection patterns with different reproduction factors (color, luminance, and size of projected stars). In this study, we investigate the relationship between faithfulness and preference of\u0000 a star field in a planetarium through a psychometric experiment with 47 observers. The experimental procedure followed the previous study. The rating of faithfulness improved for the projection pattern with a smaller star size. For the preference evaluation, the projection pattern with low\u0000 luminance significantly lowered the preference rating. The results of the experiment indicate that the preferable star reproduction was different between male and female observers, whereas the faithful star reproduction was not significantly different in the evaluations between male and female\u0000 observers. The male observers sought a faithful star reproduction as the preferred reproduction. In contrast, the female observers did not feel the faithful star reproduction preferable, and evaluated the more brilliant star reproduction as the preferred reproduction. These results were not\u0000 dependent on the experience in astronomical observations.","PeriodicalId":73895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of perceptual imaging","volume":"43 1","pages":"10402-1-10402-11(11)"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84904366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Empirical Approaches to Studying Art Experience","authors":"C. Carbon","doi":"10.2352/J.PERCEPT.IMAGING.2019.2.1.010501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2352/J.PERCEPT.IMAGING.2019.2.1.010501","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Art experience means the rich experience of artistic objects that are mostly embedded in situational, social, and cultural contexts: for instance when encountering art in art galleries or museums. Art experience lets us reflect on the content, the style, and the\u0000 artist behind the artwork—moreover, it lets us reflect about the percept, perception, the world, ultimately: about us. Current works in the field of empirical aesthetics unfortunately often ignore context factors that are so important for such deep and far-reaching experiences. Here\u0000 I intend to refer to the different paths of measuring art experience via Path #1 by testing within the ecological valid context of art galleries via field studies, via Path #2 by simulating certain contextual and perceptual factors in a lab-oriented study design and via Path #3 by testing\u0000 art-related material in labs without paying attention to such factors. The way we research art experience drastically changes the quality and nature of the output, especially if we ignore certain essential factors which are typically involved when encountering art galleries in real life via\u0000 Path #3—mainly because participants do not show the typical motivation, interest and effort which they would typically face in art galleries. Furthermore, because the depiction quality of artworks, the context and the social situation in which they are inspected is fundamentally different\u0000 in the lab, the respective impression is also very different. As most research ignores such factors, we might often be misled by the results of such studies; especially when the extraordinary and unique cultural status that makes artworks so different to ordinary objects is ignored. The paper\u0000 aims to guide researchers in finding the right study paradigm and best measures to answer their regarding research questions most adequately.","PeriodicalId":73895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of perceptual imaging","volume":"20 1","pages":"10501-1-10501-7(7)"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80891882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}