G H Dooneief, J A Bello, G G Todak, M X Tang, K S Marder, Y Stern, R P Mayeux
{"title":"Serial MRI in HIV Infection With and Without Neurologic Impairment.","authors":"G H Dooneief, J A Bello, G G Todak, M X Tang, K S Marder, Y Stern, R P Mayeux","doi":"10.1300/j128v01n04_05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/j128v01n04_05","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To assess the relationship of longitudinal brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a cohort of HIV+ and HIV− gay men and injection drug users (IDU) were evaluated prospectively. Subjects underwent two evaluations including MRI scans, neurologic examinations, neuropsychological assessments and lymphocyte subset determinations one year apart. MRI changes over a one year period were analyzed with respect to serostatus, risk group, CD4 counts, neurological findings and neuropsychological performance. The frequency of MRI changes was no different in subjects with or without HIV infection and no new opportunistic infections or neoplasms were seen. However, among HIV+ subjects with CD4 count < 200 at the time of the initial scan, an increase in white matter hyperintensities was significantly more common. Also among HIV+ subjects, atrophy increased in association with declining CD4 count. Finally, subjects who developed significant neurologic deterioration in one year were much more likely to have increased atrophy. These results suggest that while there are morphological brain changes associated with HIV infection, they are most often seen in association with immunologic or neurologic deterioration.</p>","PeriodicalId":73854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neuro-AIDS","volume":"1 4","pages":"49-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26169475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K D Kieburtz, R W Price, J J Sidtis, C Hall, M Grundman, C McLaren
{"title":"Pilot Study of Didanosine in Patients with HIV Dementia.","authors":"K D Kieburtz, R W Price, J J Sidtis, C Hall, M Grundman, C McLaren","doi":"10.1300/j128v01n04_01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/j128v01n04_01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In a pilot open-labeled study 10 subjects with AIDS dementia complex (ADC) were treated with didanosine. Only half of the subjects were able to complete the trial as a result of side effects. Five subjects exhibited improved performance on neuropsychological testing, but the mean change in performance in this small group was not statistically significant. The study suggests that this drug may have some value in ADC patients unable to tolerate other therapies, but that further study is needed to establish this firmly.</p>","PeriodicalId":73854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neuro-AIDS","volume":"1 4","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26170644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Alpha Interferon in AIDS-Related Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy.","authors":"T Counihan, N Venna, D Craven, T D Sabin","doi":"10.1300/j128v01n04_08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/j128v01n04_08","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the efficacy of recombinant interferon alpha in the treatment of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Open label, uncontrolled study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Neurological unit and clinical AIDS program, Boston City Hospital, Boston, MA.</p><p><strong>Patients: </strong>Four consecutive AIDS patients with pathologically confirmed progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.</p><p><strong>Intervention: </strong>Each patient received alpha interferon for 4-12 weeks in a dose of 5-10 million units daily, administered subcutaneously. In addition, two of the four were taking acyclovir 2400 mg/day orally over the same period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>None of the patients showed any clinical response to the therapy; the mean survival was 14 weeks. No adverse effects of the treatment were encountered.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite anecdotal evidence that alpha interferon is effective in the treatment of progressive multifocal leukoencephalo pathy in non-AIDS patients, the experience of these patients suggests that the drug is of no benefit in AIDS-related PML.</p>","PeriodicalId":73854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neuro-AIDS","volume":"1 4","pages":"79-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1300/j128v01n04_08","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26169478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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