Journal of environmental science and public health最新文献

{"title":"Spatial-Temporal Differentials in Traffic and Music Generated Noise at Selected Sites in Kisumu City, Kenya","authors":"W. Amulla, A. G. Misati","doi":"10.26502/JESPH.96120123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/JESPH.96120123","url":null,"abstract":"Despite its well-documented effects on health and wellbeing, noise remains one of the most poorly regulated type of pollution in African cities. Some studies have shown that automobiles and music stores are among the leading sources of noise pollution in African urban centers with equivalent sound pressure levels largely exceeding regulatory limits. These elevated noise levels exposes the public to auditory and non-auditory effects that impair health and quality of life. Regardless, research on road traffic and music-generated noise remain scarce in Kenya and Africa at large. This study sought to assess noise associated with traffic and music at 50 purposively selected sites in Kisumu city, Kenya. Sound Pressure Levels (SPL) were measured using EXTECH® digital sound level meter, recorded in a data sheet and analyzed descriptively on SPSS version 23. Results showed that the mean traffic-generated noise was 70.39 ± 10.10dBA, while music-generated noise was 86.35 ± 6.92dBA. Independent sample t-test showed that the mean SPL for music was significantly higher than traffic. There was considerable variability in traffic noise by site with highways having highest (76.25 ± 5.42dBA) followed by roundabouts (75.0 ± 4.97 dBA) and lastly by termini (71.60 ± 4.81dBA). Noise at resting parks varied with distance from high traffic zones. Both vehicular and music-related noise exceeded maximum permissible limits, but music-related noise was significantly higher than vehicular noise.","PeriodicalId":73740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental science and public health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69348886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and Antibody Response to BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Vaccines in Kidney Transplant Recipients","authors":"Ali Alshaqaq, M. Aldemerdash, Abdulnaser Alabadi, Baher Elgadaa, Najib Musaied, Ibtihal Shaikh, O. Abed, S. Askandarani, K. Hamawi, F. E. Alotaibe, K. Akkari, M. AlBugami","doi":"10.26502/jesph.96120140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jesph.96120140","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives: Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). Therefore, they are considered among the priority group for vaccination. This study presents safety data and antibody response to BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccines in KTRs. Design, setting, participants, and measurements: 230 KTRs received either of the vaccines and were surveyed about adverse reactions, including timing and duration. 195 KTRs were tested for SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibodies. Data on COVID-19 breakthrough infections were also collected. Results: Out of the 230 KTRs, 150 (65.2%) were males, mean age was 46.5 (± 14.2) years and 21 had prior COVID-19 infection. Maintenance immune-suppression included prednisone (95.7%), tacrolimus (99.6%), and mycophenolate mofetil (96.1%). 173 (75.2%) received BNT162b2 (45 one dose, 128 two doses), and 57 (24.8%) received ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (52 one dose, 3 two doses) vaccines. Vaccines were well tolerated with pain at the site of injection, fatigue, and headache reported most in 63.9, 38.3, and 30.4%, respectively. No change in baseline creatinine or biopsy proven rejection. 23.6% developed anti-spike antibodies after one dose and 35.8% after two doses. Prior COVID-19 infection and receiving two doses of vaccine increases the likelihood of seroconversion. 20 patients had COVID-19 breakthrough infection, 17 were seronegative. Hospitalization was required in 11 patients (4 in ICU), and one patient died. Conclusion: BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccines were well tolerated without major adverse events. However, the antibody response was markedly attenuated. More effective vaccination strategies using a third vaccine dose or heterologous vaccination would be warranted.","PeriodicalId":73740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental science and public health","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69349009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Secondhand Cigarette Smoke Exposure Pattern, Knowledge, Attitude and Perception of Harm amongst Non-Smokers in Sokoto Metropolis, Nigeria","authors":"Aminu Umar Kaoje, Ahmed Mohammed Ismaila, Oloyede Abdulhafiz, Garba Shefiullahi, Yusuf Rifkat, Abubakar Bilkisu Gulma, Raji Ismail Abdullateef, Abubakar Auwal Usman, U. Ango","doi":"10.26502/jesph.96120130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jesph.96120130","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cigarette smoke contains many carcinogens, and the negative health consequences associated with cigarette smoking are shared and suffered by the passive non-smokers. Objective: To assess secondhand smoke exposure pattern and knowledge, attitude and perception of exposure harm among non-Smokers in Sokoto metropolis. Material and Methods: We conducted a populationbased descriptive cross-sectional study among 400 non-smokers. We used a two-stage sampling technique to select respondents and an intervieweradministered questionnaire to collect data through personal interview. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23.0. Mean, and standard deviation was calculated for continuous data, frequency and percentage for categorical data and multiple J Environ Sci Public Health 2021;5 (2):281-295 DOI: 10.26502/jesph.96120130 Journal of Environmental Science and Public Health 282 dichotomy analysis for variables where multiple responses were allowed. Results: Respondents’ mean age was 44.3 ± 4.7 years. Most, 299 (74.8%) were male, and less than half, 169 (42.5%), had tertiary education. More than half, 278 (69.4%) have had different form and level of exposure to secondhand smoke. A majority, 252 (63.0%) demonstrated good knowledge of exposure harm towards secondhand smoke. Lungs and heart were the most frequently mentioned organs affected by cigarette smoke, while Lung cancer and exacerbation of asthmatic attack were the most frequently cited ailment following exposure. Majority, 262 (65.4%), expressed appropriate attitude and perception to exposure harms, as 261 (68.1%) of the respondents perceived that breathing even small amount can be dangerous. Conclusion: Although many demonstrated good knowledge and expressed appropriate attitudes and perception to exposure harm of secondhand smoke, a large number experienced moderate to heavy exposure. Smoking in public places is a prevalent practice, therefore we recommend that the government should ensure that the law prohibiting smoking in public spaces are enforced.","PeriodicalId":73740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental science and public health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69348897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Some thoughts on Biodiversity and Sustainability","authors":"G. Berlyn","doi":"10.26502/jesph.96120136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jesph.96120136","url":null,"abstract":"Life began on this planet some four billion years ago. Since that time the planet has experienced many changes in climate and biodiversity. In the view of Vladimir Vernadsky [1] we live in a thin film of biologically processed matter on the surface of the planet. At the present time our planet is changing more rapidly than in any of the previous cycles and this rapidity is primarily due to human activities. Of course in the past there have been many extreme events like meteorite impacts, but in general the natural changes are slow. With the beginning of agriculture after the last ice age the pace of change accelerated. Although organisms have come and gone in the history of our planet our biodiversity is now under a threat of decline that is unprecedented.","PeriodicalId":73740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental science and public health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69348954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Healthcare Rationing and Economic Evaluation in Health Care","authors":"S. ALMesned, A. Alakhfash, Fahd S. Almesned, Abdurrahman Almesned","doi":"10.26502/jesph.96120149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jesph.96120149","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental science and public health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69349126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preventive Behaviors to Mitigate COVID-19: Urban-Rural Disparities of Densely Populated Country like Bangladesh","authors":"B. Banu, Sujana Haque Chowdhury, N. Akter, Kazi Rakibul Islam, Sarder Mahmud Hossain, M. Ruhul Amin","doi":"10.26502/jesph.96120142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jesph.96120142","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental science and public health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69349066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EVALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO FRAGILITY FRACTURES IN INDIANS","authors":"Vaibhav Singh, A. Pal, D. Biswas, Alakendu Ghosh, Brijesh P Singh","doi":"10.1101/2020.06.23.20135178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.23.20135178","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Osteoporosis causes fragility fractures that also occur in patients with bone mineral density (BMD) in the normal or osteopenic range, suggesting role of risk factors that are unrelated or partially related to BMD. The study aims at highlighting the link between 3 conditions, that are environment and occupation related risk factors and that are widely prevalent in India, and development of fragility fractures. Methods: A Case Control study was done by recruiting 110 Cases with history of recent fragility fractures and 84 Controls with no history of recent fractures. 3 study parameters, village dwelling, conventional farming, and poverty, were chosen the presence or absence of which were documented in participants. This was followed by an ODDS ratio analysis. Results: The Odds of village dwellers, conventional farmers, and socioeconomically poor individuals to develop fragility fractures were both significant and large. Conclusion: Urbanization is a risk in the development of fragility fractures. However, this study points that village dwelling in India is associated with the development of fragility fractures. Similarly, Odds of farmers exposed to pesticides and agrochemicals to develop fragility fractures is large and significant. Pesticides and agrochemicals act as endocrine disruptors and bone health is closely linked to endocrine system. Fragility fractures among farmers may be due to endocrine disrupting properties of pesticides and agrochemicals. Socioeconomic deprivation is a known risk in the development of osteoporosis. This study too highlights that the odds of individuals living in poverty to develop fragility fractures is significant and large.","PeriodicalId":73740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental science and public health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49416423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LIBS Technology and its Application: Overview of the Different Research Areas","authors":"Mputu Kanyinda Jean-Noëla, Kaniki Tshamala Arthurb, Baele Jean-Marcc","doi":"10.26502/jesph.96120090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jesph.96120090","url":null,"abstract":"Laser-induced plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (LIBS) which is a less costly and simple to implement, technique is starting to prevail in qualitative and quantitative analyses of the various elements of the periodic system. She is based on the interaction of a laser pulse that only lasts a few nanoseconds with the material to be analyzed. LIBS technology has several advantages such as its situ use, it speeds in carrying out analyses in real time, the use of samples without prior treatment, analysis of minute quantitative of samples. She may be portable for use in any space without contact with the sample reason she was on board the Discovery robot for ground exploration Martian. She entered several fields of research such as medicine, agronomy, nuclear research, biology, the food industry, the research archeological, space research, in the pharmaceutical field, in mineralogy for determination of minerals and environment for monitoring pollution of metallic trace elements (MTE) in soil, water and air. LIBS work on all kinds of materials in solid, liquid, or gaseous state.","PeriodicalId":73740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental science and public health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69349255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community Based Non Communicable Disease Services as a Predictor of Improved Quality of Life of People Living with HIV in Uganda: A Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Christopher Ddamulira, N. Nsereko, M. Musoke, Frank Pio Kiyingi","doi":"10.26502/jesph.96120102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jesph.96120102","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental science and public health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69348821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Essential Metallic Trace Elements in Post-Delivery Mothers and their Newborns Residing Near and Far from Mining Operating Plants in Lubumbashi","authors":"Cham Lc, Chuy Kd, Mwembo Ta, Chenge Mf, Tamubango H, Kaniki A, Kalenga Mk","doi":"10.26502/jesph.96120112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jesph.96120112","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental science and public health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69348831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}