ISRN pediatricsPub Date : 2013-12-12eCollection Date: 2013-01-01DOI: 10.1155/2013/159542
Arpana Sharma, Manzur Kader
{"title":"Effect of Women's Decision-Making Autonomy on Infant's Birth Weight in Rural Bangladesh.","authors":"Arpana Sharma, Manzur Kader","doi":"10.1155/2013/159542","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2013/159542","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background. Low birth weight (LBW), an outcome of maternal undernutrition, is a major public health concern in Bangladesh where the problem is most prominent. Women's decision-making autonomy is likely an important factor influencing maternal and child health outcomes. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of women's decision-making autonomy on infant's birth weight (BW). Methods. The study included data of 2175 enrolled women (14-45 years of age) from the Maternal and Infant Nutritional Intervention in Matlab (MINIMat-study) in Bangladesh. Pearson's chi-square test, analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), and logistic regression analysis were applied at the collected data. Results. Women with lowest decision-making autonomy were significantly more likely to have a low birth weight (LBW) child, after controlling for maternal age, education (woman's and her husband's), socioeconomic status (SES) (odds ratio (OR) = 1.4; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.0, 1.8). BW was decreased significantly among women with lowest decision making autonomy after adjusting for all confounders. Conclusion. Women's decision-making autonomy has an independent effect on BW and LBW outcome. In addition, there is a need for further exploration to identify sociocultural attributes and gender related determinants of women decision-making autonomy in this study setting. </p>","PeriodicalId":73521,"journal":{"name":"ISRN pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"159542"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3893833/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32157871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Role of organochlorine pesticides in children with idiopathic seizures.","authors":"Shilpa Khanna Arora, Prerna Batra, Tusha Sharma, Basu Dev Banerjee, Sushan Gupta","doi":"10.1155/2013/849709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/849709","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background. Organochlorine pesticides (OCP) are persistent organic pollutants that have been implicated in causing several deleterious effects in humans. These are known neurotoxins in high doses, but the role of environmentally acquired OCPs in the body to induce seizures in children has not been investigated yet. Objectives. To assess the serum levels of OCPs in children aged 2-12 with idiopathic seizure and to find out any association between the two are our objectives. Methods. It was a cross-sectional pilot study. Twenty developmentally normal children aged 2-12, presenting with idiopathic generalized seizures, were recruited. Twenty age-matched controls without any history of seizures were also taken. Their serum levels of α, β, and γ hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH); and aldrin; dieldrin; p,p-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), o,p-DDT, and p,p dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE); and α and β endosulfan were analysed using gas chromatography (GC). Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare OCP levels between the groups. Spearman correlation was used to find the correlation between individual pesticide levels with age and seizure duration. Results. Levels of β, γ, and total HCH were significantly higher among cases as compared to the control group (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusion. There exists a possible association between idiopathic seizures and high serum levels of OCPs, especially HCH. </p>","PeriodicalId":73521,"journal":{"name":"ISRN pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"849709"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2013/849709","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31980955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ISRN pediatricsPub Date : 2013-10-10eCollection Date: 2013-01-01DOI: 10.1155/2013/861246
Lydian Veldhuis, Mara van Dooremaal, Willemieke Kroeze, Carry M Renders, Remy A Hirasing, Hein Raat
{"title":"Ethnic Background and Overweight among 5-Year-Old Children: The \"Be Active, Eat Right\" Study.","authors":"Lydian Veldhuis, Mara van Dooremaal, Willemieke Kroeze, Carry M Renders, Remy A Hirasing, Hein Raat","doi":"10.1155/2013/861246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/861246","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Introduction. This study investigates the association between ethnic background and overweight (obesity included) among 5 year olds. Methods. We used baseline data from 5 year olds (n = 7801) and their parents collected for the \"Be active, eat right\" study. A child was considered to be of non-Dutch ethnic background when at least one of the parents was born abroad. Odds ratios (ORs) were adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics. Results. Compared to children of Dutch ethnic background, for children with a Moroccan ethnic background the OR for being overweight (obesity included) was 2.27 (95% CI 1.48-3.47), for Turkish children the OR was 3.63 (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.46-5.35), for Antillean children the OR was 1.97 (95% CI 1.01-3.86), and for Surinamese children the OR was 0.47 (95% CI 0.20-1.06). Addition of parental overweight decreased the ORs for Moroccan and Turkish children by 10.2% and 12.5%, and addition of watching TV and having breakfast by the child decreased the ORs by 7.9% and 12.2%. Conclusion. Already at a young age, children of Moroccan and Turkish ethnic background are at increased risk for being overweight compared to Dutch children. Parental overweight, watching TV, and not having breakfast by the child are contributing factors in this association. </p>","PeriodicalId":73521,"journal":{"name":"ISRN pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"861246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2013/861246","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31858482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ISRN pediatricsPub Date : 2013-09-30eCollection Date: 2013-01-01DOI: 10.1155/2013/470286
Karina Mescouto Melo, Ellen Dantas, Maria Isabel De Moraes-Pinto, Antonio Condino-Neto, Isabela G S Gonzalez, Marcia C Mallozi, Jackeline M Franco, Beatriz T Costa-Carvalho
{"title":"Primary Immunodeficiency May Be Misdiagnosed as Cow's Milk Allergy: Seven Cases Referred to a Tertiary Pediatric Hospital.","authors":"Karina Mescouto Melo, Ellen Dantas, Maria Isabel De Moraes-Pinto, Antonio Condino-Neto, Isabela G S Gonzalez, Marcia C Mallozi, Jackeline M Franco, Beatriz T Costa-Carvalho","doi":"10.1155/2013/470286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/470286","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Introduction. The presence of eczema and gastrointestinal manifestations are often observed in cow's milk allergy (CMA) and also in some primary immunodeficiency diseases (PID). Objective. To describe 7 patients referred to a tertiary allergy/immunology Center with a proposed diagnosis of CMA, who were ultimately diagnosed with PID. Methods. This was a retrospective study based on clinical and laboratory data from medical records. Results. Seven patients (6 males) aged between 3 mo and 6 y were referred to our clinic with a proposed diagnosis of CMA. They presented with eczema and/or gastrointestinal symptoms. Five were receiving replacement formula. All patients presented with other clinical features, including severe/recurrent infections unrelated to CMA, and two of them had a positive family history of PID. Laboratory tests showed immune system dysfunctions in all patients. Hyper-IgE and Wiskott-Aldrich syndromes, CD40L deficiency, severe combined immunodeficiency, X-linked agammaglobulinemia, transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy, and chronic granulomatous disease were diagnosed in these children. In conclusion, allergic diseases and immunodeficiency are a result of a different spectrum of abnormalities in the immune system and may be misdiagnosed. Educational programs on PID among clinical physicians and pediatricians can reduce the occurrence of this misdiagnosis. </p>","PeriodicalId":73521,"journal":{"name":"ISRN pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"470286"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2013/470286","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31840657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ISRN pediatricsPub Date : 2013-09-19eCollection Date: 2013-01-01DOI: 10.1155/2013/765253
Yehia Mohamad El Gamal, Ola Abd Elaziz Elmasry, Iman Saleh El Hadidi, Ola Kamel Soliman
{"title":"Proximal aortic stiffness is increased in systemic lupus erythematosus activity in children and adolescents.","authors":"Yehia Mohamad El Gamal, Ola Abd Elaziz Elmasry, Iman Saleh El Hadidi, Ola Kamel Soliman","doi":"10.1155/2013/765253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/765253","url":null,"abstract":"Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are prone to premature atherosclerosis and are at risk for the development of cardiovascular disease. Increased arterial stiffness is emerging as a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis. Purpose. To measure proximal aortic stiffness in children and adolescents with SLE. Methods. We studied 16 patients with SLE in activity (mean age 15 ± 2.42 years; 16 females), 14 patients with SLE not in activity (mean age 15.7 ± 1.89 years; 4 males, 10 females), and 16 age- and sex-comparable healthy children and adolescents (15.5 ± 1.71 years; 4 males, 12 females). Disease activity was determined by the SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI). All subjects underwent echocardiography for assessment of proximal aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) [Ao distance/Ao wave transit time in the aortic arch]. Venous blood samples were collected for ESR. Results. Patients in activity had significantly higher PWV values than controls (P < 0.05), while no significant difference was found between patients not in activity and controls. Conclusions. SLE patients with disease activity demonstrate increased PWV and arterial stiffness of the proximal aorta, while patients without disease activity do not. This suggests that inflammation secondary to SLE activity, and not subclinical atherosclerosis, is the major underlying cause for increased arterial stiffness in this age group.","PeriodicalId":73521,"journal":{"name":"ISRN pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"765253"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2013/765253","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40276975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ISRN pediatricsPub Date : 2013-09-12eCollection Date: 2013-01-01DOI: 10.1155/2013/574937
Safaa S Imam, Rania A El-Farrash, Hesham M Taha, Helbees E Bishoy
{"title":"Targeted versus Universal Neonatal Hearing Screening in a Single Egyptian Center.","authors":"Safaa S Imam, Rania A El-Farrash, Hesham M Taha, Helbees E Bishoy","doi":"10.1155/2013/574937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/574937","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aim. To compare targeted neonatal hearing screening (TNHS) and universal neonatal hearing screening (UNHS) since many developing countries, including Egypt, implement selective screening for high-risk neonates. Methods. 150 neonates were assessed; 50 full terms consecutively admitted to the well-baby nursery and 100 neonates consecutively admitted to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), Ain Shams University. Patients were further subdivided into high-risk group which included 50 neonates with multiple risk factors for hearing loss and low risk group which included 50 neonates with only one risk factor. Transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs) were used for hearing screening. Auditory brain response (ABR) was performed 3 months later for failed TEOAEs. Results. The most frequent risk factor was consanguinity (46%). In the well-baby population, 16% failed TEOAEs. In the NICU, 30% of the low risk and 38% of the high risk groups failed TEOAEs. Regarding ABR, failed results were 12%, 10%, and 8% in the high-risk, low-risk, and healthy groups, respectively. Conclusion. The use of TNHS would have missed 8% of neonates from the well-baby group who actually had PCHL (permanent congenital hearing loss). The use of UNHS would identify all cases with PCHL, allowing for early intervention and follow-up. </p>","PeriodicalId":73521,"journal":{"name":"ISRN pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"574937"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2013/574937","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40272791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ISRN pediatricsPub Date : 2013-09-11eCollection Date: 2013-01-01DOI: 10.1155/2013/970394
Alyaa A Kotby, Ghada S El-Shahed, Ola A Elmasry, Iman S El-Hadidi, Rowaida N S El Shafey
{"title":"N-Terminal proBNP Levels and Tissue Doppler Echocardiography in Acute Rheumatic Carditis.","authors":"Alyaa A Kotby, Ghada S El-Shahed, Ola A Elmasry, Iman S El-Hadidi, Rowaida N S El Shafey","doi":"10.1155/2013/970394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/970394","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background. Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is a leading cause of heart failure in children and young adults worldwide. B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a useful marker of critical pediatric heart disease, and its N-terminal peptide, NT-proBNP, is elevated in congenital and acquired heart disease in children. Aim. To measure NT-proBNP levels as a marker of carditis in children with acute rheumatic carditis, as compared to children with quiescent RHD and healthy controls. Methods. 16 children with acute rheumatic carditis, 33 children with quiescent RHD, and a cohort of 30 healthy children were studied. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed to assess valve and cardiac function. Tissue Doppler echocardiography was performed for E/E' (ratio between mitral inflow E wave and lateral mitral annulus E' wave) and systolic strain. Results. NT-proBNP levels were significantly higher in children with acute rheumatic carditis and dropped with its resolution. Strain and E/E' values were comparable among the three groups. Conclusion. NT-proBNP is significantly elevated in children with acute rheumatic carditis in the acute stage compared to children with quiescent RHD and healthy subjects, in the presence of comparable echocardiographic indices of LV systolic and diastolic function. </p>","PeriodicalId":73521,"journal":{"name":"ISRN pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"970394"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2013/970394","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31792467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ISRN pediatricsPub Date : 2013-08-21eCollection Date: 2013-01-01DOI: 10.1155/2013/652148
A M Hamdy, M M Abdel Aleem, A A El-Shazly
{"title":"Maternal Vitamin A Deficiency during Pregnancy and Its Relation with Maternal and Neonatal Hemoglobin Concentrations among Poor Egyptian Families.","authors":"A M Hamdy, M M Abdel Aleem, A A El-Shazly","doi":"10.1155/2013/652148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/652148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background. Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) during pregnancy represents a major public health problem in developing countries. Anemia is a common consequence of VAD. We aimed to measure serum retinol concentrations of a sample of poor Egyptian mothers and correlate it with their Hb% and cord Hb%. Methods. This cross-sectional study included 200 healthy mothers and their healthy full term newborns. Maternal and cord blood samples were collected for CBC and measurement of serum retinol concentrations. Results. Forty-seven mothers (23.5%) had VAD and 50% were anemic. Mothers with VAD had a significantly lower mean Hb% and a significantly higher frequency of anemia (95.7%) compared to mothers without VAD (35.9%). The relative risk for anemia among mothers with VAD was 2.7 (CI = 2.12-3.3). Newborns of mothers with VAD had a significantly lower mean cord Hb% compared to newborns of mothers without VAD. Maternal serum retinol concentrations were positively correlated with maternal Hb% and cord Hb%. Conclusion. Maternal VAD during pregnancy among poor mothers is associated with maternal anemia and lower Hb% of newborns at birth. Vitamin A supplementation is highly recommended for this vulnerable group. </p>","PeriodicalId":73521,"journal":{"name":"ISRN pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"652148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2013/652148","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31724988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Natal and neonatal teeth: an overview of the literature.","authors":"Shubhangi Mhaske, Monal B Yuwanati, Ashok Mhaske, Raju Ragavendra, Kavitha Kamath, Swati Saawarn","doi":"10.1155/2013/956269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/956269","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The occurrence of natal and neonatal teeth is an uncommon anomaly, which for centuries has been associated with diverse superstitions among different ethnic groups. Natal teeth are more frequent than neonatal teeth, with the ratio being approximately 3 : 1. It must be considered that natal and neonatal teeth are conditions of fundamental importance not only for a dental surgeon but also for a paediatrician since their presence may lead to numerous complications. Early detection and treatment of these teeth are recommended because they may induce deformity or mutilation of tongue, dehydration, inadequate nutrients intake by the infant, and growth retardation, the pattern and time of eruption of teeth and its morphology. This paper presents a concise review of the literature about neonatal teeth. </p>","PeriodicalId":73521,"journal":{"name":"ISRN pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"956269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2013/956269","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31723479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ISRN pediatricsPub Date : 2013-08-06eCollection Date: 2013-01-01DOI: 10.1155/2013/165193
Ayyoub Malek, Shahrokh Amiri, Issa Hekmati, Jaber Pirzadeh, Hossein Gholizadeh
{"title":"A comparative study on diadochokinetic skill of dyslexic, stuttering, and normal children.","authors":"Ayyoub Malek, Shahrokh Amiri, Issa Hekmati, Jaber Pirzadeh, Hossein Gholizadeh","doi":"10.1155/2013/165193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/165193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective. Previous studies have shown some motor deficits among stuttering and dyslexic children. While motor deficits in speech articulation of the stuttering children are among the controversial topics, no study on motor deficits of dyslexic children has been documented to date. Methods. 120 children (40 stuttering, 40 dyslexia, and 40 normal) 6-11 years old were matched and compared in terms of diadochokinetic skill. Dyslexia symptoms checklist, reading test, and diadochokinetic task were used as measurement instruments. Results. The data analysis showed that there are significant differences (P < 0.001) in reaction time and the number of syllables in accomplishing diadochokinetic tasks among stuttering children, dyslexics, and the control group. This indicates that stuttering children and dyslexics have poor performance in reaction time and in the number of monosyllable articulation and long syllable articulation. Furthermore, there are significant differences (P < 0.001) in these indices between stuttering children and dyslexics, so that the latter group have better performance than the former one. Conclusion. The findings indicate that stuttering children and dyslexics have deficits in diadochokinetic skill which suggests their low performance in the motor control of speech production and articulation. Such deficits might be due to the role of the tongue in the development of stuttering and dyslexia. </p>","PeriodicalId":73521,"journal":{"name":"ISRN pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"165193"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2013/165193","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31692814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}