{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Mortality in the USA, the UK and Other Western Countries, 1989-2015: What Is Wrong With the US?\"","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/27551938241262096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/27551938241262096","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73479,"journal":{"name":"International journal of social determinants of health and health services","volume":" ","pages":"27551938241262096"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141790217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mariana Carvalho de Menezes, Ana C Duran, Brent Langellier, Carolina Pérez-Ferrer, Joaquin Barnoya, Ana-Lucia Mayén
{"title":"Socioeconomic Position, Pre-Obesity and Obesity in Latin American Cities: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Mariana Carvalho de Menezes, Ana C Duran, Brent Langellier, Carolina Pérez-Ferrer, Joaquin Barnoya, Ana-Lucia Mayén","doi":"10.1177/27551938241238677","DOIUrl":"10.1177/27551938241238677","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Currently the socioeconomic gradient of obesity it is not well understood in the urban population in Latin American. This study reviewed the literature assessing associations between pre-obesity, obesity, and socioeconomic position (SEP) in adults living in urban areas in Latin American countries. PubMed and SciELO databases were used. Data extraction was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We extracted data on the association between SEP (e.g., education, income), pre-obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 25 and < 30 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) and obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m<sup>2</sup>). Relative differences between low and high SEP groups were assessed and defined a priori as significant at <i>p</i> < 0.05. Thirty-one studies met our inclusion criteria and most were conducted in Brazil and Mexico (22 and 3 studies, respectively). One study presented nonsignificant associations. Forty-seven percent of associations between education or income and pre-obesity were negative. Regarding obesity, 80 percent were negative and 20 percent positive. Most negative associations were found in women while in men they varied depending on the indicator used. Pre-obesity and obesity by SEP did not follow the same pattern, revealing a reversal of the obesity social gradient by SEP, especially for women in Latin America, highlighting the need for articulated policies that target structural and agentic interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":73479,"journal":{"name":"International journal of social determinants of health and health services","volume":" ","pages":"224-232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140137557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ana Oña, Urban Schwegler, Annelie Leiulfsrud, Ken Kouda, Andrea Boekel, Diana Pacheco
{"title":"Disability, Unemployment, and Inequality: A Cross-Country Comparison of the Situation of Persons With Spinal Cord Injury.","authors":"Ana Oña, Urban Schwegler, Annelie Leiulfsrud, Ken Kouda, Andrea Boekel, Diana Pacheco","doi":"10.1177/27551938241235780","DOIUrl":"10.1177/27551938241235780","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Unemployment and inequality are growing concerns that disproportionately affect people with disabilities. We compared unemployment rates and barriers to labor market participation for persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) as an exemplary case of disability with different socioeconomic positions and from a cross-national perspective across 20 countries worldwide. We showed that persons with SCI have much higher unemployment rates than the general population. While this situation is many times worse for those in low-income groups, persons with SCI in high-income groups are often in a position comparable to the general population. The main barriers to entering the labor market are health status, the impossibility of finding suitable jobs, and the lack of information about employment opportunities. This is the first study that quantifies the extent of inequality in the labor market for persons with SCI. Across the 20 countries analyzed, facing disability has a much higher impact on those in low-income groups. This reality is explained by the fact that people in lower-income groups face many more barriers to entering the labor market than those in higher-income groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":73479,"journal":{"name":"International journal of social determinants of health and health services","volume":" ","pages":"247-259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139984737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Book Review of the Struggle for Health.","authors":"David McCoy","doi":"10.1177/27551938241244599","DOIUrl":"10.1177/27551938241244599","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73479,"journal":{"name":"International journal of social determinants of health and health services","volume":" ","pages":"321-322"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140337895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Examination of Inter-State Variation in Utilization of Healthcare Services, Associated Financial Burden and Inequality: Evidence from Nationally Representative Survey in India.","authors":"Aashima, Rajesh Sharma","doi":"10.1177/27551938241230761","DOIUrl":"10.1177/27551938241230761","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examines the health care utilization pattern, associated financial catastrophes, and inequality across Indian states to understand the subnational variations and aid the policy makers in this regard. Data from recent National Sample Survey (2017-2018), titled, \"Household Social Consumption: Health,\" covering 113,823 households, was employed in the study. Descriptive statistics, Erreygers concentration index (CI), and recentered influence function decomposition were applied in the study. We found that, in India, 7 percent of households experienced catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) and 1.9 percent of households were pushed below poverty line due to out-of-pocket expenditure on hospitalization. Notably, outpatient care was more burdensome (CHE: 12.1%; impoverishment: 4%). Substantial interstate variations were observed, with high financial burden in poorer states. Utilization of health care services from private health care providers was pro-rich (hospitalization CI 0.31; outpatient CI 0.10), while the occurrence of CHE incidence was pro-poor (hospitalization CI -0.10; outpatient CI -0.14). Education level, economic status, health insurance, and area of residence contributed significantly to inequalities in utilization of health care services from private providers and financial burden. The high financial burden of seeking health care necessitates the need to increase public health spending and strengthen public health infrastructure. Also, concerted efforts directed towards increasing awareness about health insurance and introducing comprehensive health insurance products (covering both inpatient and outpatient services) are imperative to augment financial risk protection in India.</p>","PeriodicalId":73479,"journal":{"name":"International journal of social determinants of health and health services","volume":" ","pages":"206-223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140095295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Social Mechanisms, Labour Markets and the Politics of Health.","authors":"Joan Benach, Carles Muntaner","doi":"10.1177/27551938241257182","DOIUrl":"10.1177/27551938241257182","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73479,"journal":{"name":"International journal of social determinants of health and health services","volume":" ","pages":"197-198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141163077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The U-Shaped Curve of Health Inequalities Over the 20th and 21st Centuries.","authors":"Clare Bambra","doi":"10.1177/27551938241244695","DOIUrl":"10.1177/27551938241244695","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article examines historical trends in health inequalities over the 20th and 21st centuries. Drawing on studies from the United States, United Kingdom, Sweden, and Western Europe, it concludes that there is evidence of a u-shaped curve in (relative) health inequalities. These trends in health inequalities broadly parallel those identified by economists with regards to the u-shaped curve of income and wealth inequalities across the 20th and 21st centuries. The article argues that-as with income inequalities-health inequalities generally decreased across the twentieth century through to the early 1980s. They then started to increase and accelerated further from 2010, particularly in the United Kingdom and the United States. The article sets out four distinct policy periods that shaped the evolution of trends in health inequalities: the Interbellum Era, 1920-1950; the Trente Glorieuse, 1950-1980; Neoliberalism, 1980-2010; and the Crisis Age, 2010-present. The u-shaped curve of health inequalities over this period suggests that social policies, health care access, and political incorporation have driven changes over time. Taking this long view of changes in health inequalities emphasizes the importance of politics and policy for future health improvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":73479,"journal":{"name":"International journal of social determinants of health and health services","volume":" ","pages":"199-205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11157973/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140337898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brigitte Tenni, Joel Lexchin, Sovath Phin, Deborah Gleeson
{"title":"Cambodia's Imminent Graduation from Least Developed Country Status: What Will be the Impact of the TRIPS Agreement on Access to HIV and Hepatitis C Medicines in Cambodia?","authors":"Brigitte Tenni, Joel Lexchin, Sovath Phin, Deborah Gleeson","doi":"10.1177/27551938241242602","DOIUrl":"10.1177/27551938241242602","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cambodia has experienced exponential economic growth in recent years and is expected to graduate from least developed country (LDC) status within the next decade. Membership of the World Trade Organization (WTO) will require Cambodia to grant product and process patents for pharmaceuticals upon LDC graduation. This study aims to measure the impact of the WTO Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) on the price of HIV and hepatitis C medicine in Cambodia once it graduates from LDC status and is obliged to make patents available for pharmaceutical products and processes. Using scenarios based on likely outcomes of accession to the TRIPS Agreement, it measures the impact on the price of the HIV treatment program and compares that impact with the hepatitis C treatment program. Graduation from LDC status would be expected to result in a modest increase in the cost of the antiretroviral (ARV) treatment program and very large increases in the cost of the direct acting antivirals (DAA) treatment program. If annual treatment budgets remain constant, patent protection could see 1,515 fewer people living with HIV able to access ARV treatment and 2,577 fewer people able to access DAA treatment (a drop in treatment coverage of 93%).</p>","PeriodicalId":73479,"journal":{"name":"International journal of social determinants of health and health services","volume":" ","pages":"295-308"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11157998/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140337896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Labor Pains: Work-Related Barriers to Access to Health Care for People Living with HIV in Hyderabad, India.","authors":"Sameena Azhar, Casey Dean, Riya Lerner, Sabitha Gandham, Ganesh Oruganti, Vijay Yeldandi","doi":"10.1177/27551938241234223","DOIUrl":"10.1177/27551938241234223","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To explore themes regarding work-related barriers to access to health care, we conducted 32 interviews, 16 with third gender people and 16 with cisgender women, all of whom were all living with HIV in Hyderabad, India. Most respondents were members of Dalit castes and had been living with HIV for several years at the time of the interview. Using thematic content analysis, interviews were coded by two researchers using a social determinants of health conceptual framework. Themes highlighted in this study include the burden of taking time off from work, the loss of pay associated with missing work, and the interruption of gendered care work responsibilities that respondents faced when seeking treatment. Findings from this study support the claim that equitable work policies and practices for marginalized laborers can increase access to medical care for people living with HIV.</p>","PeriodicalId":73479,"journal":{"name":"International journal of social determinants of health and health services","volume":" ","pages":"260-271"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140337897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Patricia O'Campo, Virginia Gunn, Melissa Perri, Pearl Buhariwala, Elham Rasoulain, Maryam Daneshvardfard, Rachel W Ma, Wayne Lewchuck, Sherry Baron, Theo Bodin, Carles Muntaner
{"title":"Working Conditions, Worker Rights, and Managerial Domination During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Assessing Their Toll on Precariously Employed Workers and Family Well-Being.","authors":"Patricia O'Campo, Virginia Gunn, Melissa Perri, Pearl Buhariwala, Elham Rasoulain, Maryam Daneshvardfard, Rachel W Ma, Wayne Lewchuck, Sherry Baron, Theo Bodin, Carles Muntaner","doi":"10.1177/27551938241253789","DOIUrl":"10.1177/27551938241253789","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Precarious Employment (PE) is characterized by job, income, and benefit insecurities. Studies surrounding PE and well-being have been predominantly quantitative, leaving a gap in rich descriptions of employment experiences. We recruited a sample of 40 adults aged 25-55 who were involved in PE during the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic or lost employment due to the pandemic. Semi-structured interviews were administered. Employment and income insecurities were common and had negative impacts on the well-being of participants and their families. Uncertainty about future employment prospects and job and income loss resulted in chronic distress. Other insecurities-access to benefits, violation of worker rights, worker safety-was also reported as impacting well-being. The COVID-19 pandemic deepened insecurities, hardships, and distress among workers with PE conditions. Given the myriad insecurities experienced by those engaged in PE, the focus of precarious work research should also include working conditions, violation of worker rights, and managerial domination.</p>","PeriodicalId":73479,"journal":{"name":"International journal of social determinants of health and health services","volume":" ","pages":"233-246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11157980/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141176730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}