Health systems and reform最新文献_第2页

Improving Care for Preschool Children with Disabilities During Disasters in Japan. 改善日本灾害期间对学龄前残疾儿童的照顾。

Health systems and reform Pub Date : 2025-12-31 Epub Date: 2025-06-30 DOI: 10.1080/23288604.2025.2521185

Koji Yamawaki, Aya Goto, Kimiko Ueda

{"title":"Improving Care for Preschool Children with Disabilities During Disasters in Japan.","authors":"Koji Yamawaki, Aya Goto, Kimiko Ueda","doi":"10.1080/23288604.2025.2521185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23288604.2025.2521185","url":null,"abstract":"This commentary traces the origins of Japan's special education system and explores the need to equip preschool teachers with the specific knowledge and skills necessary to care for children under the age of six with disabilities during disasters in Japan. Japan's slow implementation of inclusive education, in which children with and without disabilities are educated together, was noted by the UN Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in 2022. The Committee also recommended improved care for persons with disabilities in disaster situations and humanitarian emergencies. Historically, Japan has promoted policies that segregate children with disabilities from children without disabilities. Integrated childcare began in the 1970s, but there continues to be a lack of suitable systems and practical guidelines for disaster management in inclusive childcare. The curricula of institutions that train childcare professionals were reviewed. As of April 1, 2023, there were 666 designated childcare teacher training institutions in Japan. Of these, 498 training institutions offered courses to obtain both kindergarten and nursery teaching licenses. Thirty-seven of the institutions were national and public schools, of which the present study included 36 schools whose syllabus was available online and whose course content could be confirmed. Only one school (2.8%) was found to include \"disaster and childcare\" in its curriculum, and three schools (8.3%) included \"safety of children with disabilities\" in their curriculum. Specialist disaster preparedness training to enable teachers to care for preschool children with disabilities in the event of a disaster is critical in the context of inclusive childcare.","PeriodicalId":73218,"journal":{"name":"Health systems and reform","volume":"11 1","pages":"2521185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144531343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rethinking Trust and Public Health Compliance: Introducing a Trust Continuum for Policy and Practice. 重新思考信任和公共卫生合规：为政策和实践引入信任连续体。

Health systems and reform Pub Date : 2025-12-31 Epub Date: 2025-02-11 DOI: 10.1080/23288604.2025.2457239

Ashley Fox, Victoria Y Fan, Heeun Kim, Minah Kang

引用次数: 0

How Health Systems World-wide Fail Type 2 Diabetics. 全球卫生系统如何使2型糖尿病患者失败？

Health systems and reform Pub Date : 2025-12-31 Epub Date: 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1080/23288604.2024.2437898

Abdo S Yazbeck, Son Nam Nguyen, Maria-Luisa Escobar

引用次数: 0

The Diabetes Care Cascade in Sri Lanka: An Analysis of Losses, Disparities, and Opportunities for Improved Health System Outcomes. 斯里兰卡的糖尿病护理级联：损失、差异和改善卫生系统结果的机会分析。

Health systems and reform Pub Date : 2025-12-31 Epub Date: 2025-06-23 DOI: 10.1080/23288604.2025.2516904

Ravindra P Rannan-Eliya, Nilmini Wijemunige, H M M Herath, Prasadini Perera, Vajira H W Dissanayake, Bilesha Perera, Shanti Dalpatadu, Sarath Samarage, Anuji Gamage

{"title":"The Diabetes Care Cascade in Sri Lanka: An Analysis of Losses, Disparities, and Opportunities for Improved Health System Outcomes.","authors":"Ravindra P Rannan-Eliya, Nilmini Wijemunige, H M M Herath, Prasadini Perera, Vajira H W Dissanayake, Bilesha Perera, Shanti Dalpatadu, Sarath Samarage, Anuji Gamage","doi":"10.1080/23288604.2025.2516904","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23288604.2025.2516904","url":null,"abstract":"Sri Lanka has one of the highest prevalence rates of diabetes, and improving diabetes control is a national priority. The care cascade framework, a tool for evaluating diabetes control and identifying system gaps, has not been assessed nationally in Sri Lanka. This study addresses this gap using data from a nationally representative longitudinal cohort. Using 2018-2019 data from the Sri Lanka Health and Ageing Study (SLHAS), we evaluated the diabetes care cascade, estimating levels of (i) prevalence, (ii) testing, (iii) diagnosis, (iv) awareness, (v) treatment, (vi) medication adherence, and (vii) control. Logistic regression assessed factors associated with step performance, and concentration indices quantified socioeconomic inequalities. Performance was benchmarked against other countries. In 4,827 participants the weighted diabetes prevalence was 23.2%. Of those with diabetes, 86.0% had been tested, 62.3% diagnosed, 58.6% aware, 44.7% treated, and 20.6% (hemoglobin A1c, HbA1c < 8.0%) and 12.4% (HbA1c < 7.0%) controlled. Older adults and those with hypertension achieved higher rates at all steps, while disparities by gender, education, location, and body mass index were minimal. Concentration indices confirmed pro-rich inequity from testing to treatment but revealed no significant inequity in control. Sri Lanka outperforms most low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in testing, diagnosis, treatment, and disparities in coverage, reflecting underlying system strengths. But only one in five Sri Lankans with diabetes achieve control, with significant losses post-treatment. High diagnosis and treatment rates alone are insufficient; strategy must shift toward understanding the reasons for poor control. and improving treatment outcomes, a lesson with wider relevance.","PeriodicalId":73218,"journal":{"name":"Health systems and reform","volume":"11 1","pages":"2516904"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Qatar's Progress in Curbing Diabetes: A Comprehensive and Proactive Approach. 卡塔尔在控制糖尿病方面的进展：全面和积极的方法。

Health systems and reform Pub Date : 2025-12-31 Epub Date: 2025-06-23 DOI: 10.1080/23288604.2025.2516897

Mohamed Hamad J T Al-Thani, Sameh El-Saharty, Zeina Jamal, Amit Mishra, Suresh Babu Kokku, Rehana Nasir Nawaz, Ioanna Skaroni, Abdul Badi Abou-Samra

{"title":"Qatar's Progress in Curbing Diabetes: A Comprehensive and Proactive Approach.","authors":"Mohamed Hamad J T Al-Thani, Sameh El-Saharty, Zeina Jamal, Amit Mishra, Suresh Babu Kokku, Rehana Nasir Nawaz, Ioanna Skaroni, Abdul Badi Abou-Samra","doi":"10.1080/23288604.2025.2516897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23288604.2025.2516897","url":null,"abstract":"This commentary examines Qatar's proactive approach to addressing the rising prevalence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus and associated non-communicable diseases within the Gulf Cooperation Council region. Following the 2012 STEPwise survey, which revealed a T2DM prevalence of 16.7%, Qatar launched the National Diabetes Strategy (2016-2022), focusing on six strategic pillars. Recent data from the 2023 STEPwise survey indicates a stabilization in diabetes (18.1%) and obesity (33.4%) rates, alongside other lifestyle factors, necessitating ongoing public health interventions. Qatar leverages innovative technologies and digital health initiatives to enhance diabetes care and disease surveillance. The establishment of national taskforces for obesity and childhood diabetes further exemplifies Qatar's commitment to a coordinated response. Future directions include the National Health Strategy (NHS-3): Action Plan 2024-2030, on Obesity, Diabetes, and Modifiable Risk Factors for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases, which aims to strengthen screening and management activities. By fostering partnerships and prioritizing research, Qatar aspires to improve health outcomes and serve as a model for other nations facing similar health challenges.","PeriodicalId":73218,"journal":{"name":"Health systems and reform","volume":"11 1","pages":"2516897"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ryoichi Sasakawa: Personal Reflections on His Life and Legacy. 笹川良一：对他的人生和遗产的个人反思。

Health systems and reform Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-09 DOI: 10.1080/23288604.2025.2468564

Etsuko Kita

引用次数: 0

Introduction to the Special Issue on Global Health History and Japan. 全球健康史与日本特刊导言。

Health systems and reform Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-09 DOI: 10.1080/23288604.2025.2484858

Michael R Reich

引用次数: 0

Global Health and Its Limitations: An Historical Perspective. 全球健康及其局限性：一个历史的视角。

Health systems and reform Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-09 DOI: 10.1080/23288604.2025.2478681

Jesse B Bump

引用次数: 0

Overview of International Health in Postwar Japan. 战后日本国际卫生概况。

Health systems and reform Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-09 DOI: 10.1080/23288604.2025.2475556

Taro Yamamoto

引用次数: 0

Resilience of Primary Health Care in Ukraine: Challenges of the Pandemic and War. 乌克兰初级卫生保健的复原力：大流行病和战争的挑战。

Health systems and reform Pub Date : 2024-12-31 Epub Date: 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.1080/23288604.2024.2352885

Elina Dale, Julia Novak, Denys Dmytriiev, Olga Demeshko, Jarno Habicht

{"title":"Resilience of Primary Health Care in Ukraine: Challenges of the Pandemic and War.","authors":"Elina Dale, Julia Novak, Denys Dmytriiev, Olga Demeshko, Jarno Habicht","doi":"10.1080/23288604.2024.2352885","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23288604.2024.2352885","url":null,"abstract":"This commentary examines the resilience of primary health care in Ukraine amidst the ongoing war, drawing a few reflections relevant for other fragile and conflict-affected situations. Using personal observations and various published and unpublished reports, this article outlines five reflections on the strengths, challenges, and necessary adaptations of Primary Health Care (PHC) in Ukraine. It underscores the concerted efforts of the government to maintain public financing of PHC, thereby averting system collapse. The research also highlights the role of strategic adaptations during the COVID-19 pandemic in fostering resilience during the war, including the widespread use of digital communication and skills training. The commentary emphasizes the role of managerial and financial autonomy in facilitating quick and efficient organizational response to crisis. It also recognizes emerging challenges, including better access to PHC services among the internally displaced persons, shifting patient profiles and service needs, and challenges related to reliance on local government financing. Finally, the authors advocate for a coordinated approach in humanitarian response, recovery efforts, and development programs to ensure the sustainability and effectiveness of PHC in Ukraine.","PeriodicalId":73218,"journal":{"name":"Health systems and reform","volume":"10 1","pages":"2352885"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141322051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0