European journal of biology and biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Assess the Extinction Risk of Mountain Endemic Plants in Egypt Under the Current Climatic Condition: A Case Study of Endemic Silene Species","authors":"K. Omar, Ibrahim Elgamal","doi":"10.24018/ejbio.2021.2.5.261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbio.2021.2.5.261","url":null,"abstract":"The process of developing a conservation programme for endemic plant species, in particular those with a small geographical size in mountain ecosystems, whether in situ of ex situ, is a very complex matter, especially if data on the state of the environment and conservation are unavailable. Silene leucophylla and Silene oreosinaica are perennial plants endemic to St. Catherine Protected Area (SCPA), which locate at South Sinai, Egypt. For long time, the second species has not been observed in the field. As a result, the purpose of this study was to increase understanding of the two species' ecological and conservation statuses by: The first step is to confirm their existence on the ground; the second step is to determine the present ecological and conservation conditions through an extinction risk assessment by using IUCN Red List methodology; and the third step is the use of Species Distribution Model (SDM) to locate and extract current appropriate habitat suitability. The field research, which was conducted between March to December 2017, resulted in building knowledge of the current distribution, characteristics of current species populations, and status of ecology and habitat, in addition to identifying the main threats. Both species have been recorded in 20 major sites, in a very restricted area, particularly in a high mountain region (19 sites of Silene leucophylla and 3 sites of S. oreosinaica), with Extent of Occurrence about 468.2 km2 for Silene leucophylla and 24.5 km2 for S. oreosinaica. The population size was very small and fragmented and the extreme drought and overgrazing clearly affected both species. Based on the collected data, the extinction risk was calculated as Critically Endangered for S. oreosinaica and as Endangered for S. leucophylla according to IUCN Red List. For both species, appropriate habitat is concentrated in the high mountain ranges in the central north section of the SCPA, according to SDM. For Silene leucophylla, a presence probability of 20.5 km2 was anticipated, whereas for S. oreosinaica, a presence probability of 62.1 km2 had been predicted. Conservation methods are advocated both in situ (via recovery) and ex situ (by seed collecting and storage, awareness building, and grazing control).","PeriodicalId":72969,"journal":{"name":"European journal of biology and biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48684998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Antiplasmodial Activity of Golden Gamat (S.hermanni) Extract Through In Vitro Study","authors":"P. Utami, Varidianto Yudho","doi":"10.24018/ejbio.2021.2.5.260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbio.2021.2.5.260","url":null,"abstract":"S.hermanni is a marine biota that contains active components that are anti-fungal, anti-bacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer. The research focused on examining the antiplasmodial activity of an ethanol extract of S. hermanni on the proliferation of P. falciparum in vitro. The total sample size was 30 mediums, which included: (G1). No extract or chloroquine administration in the P.falciparum medium (G2). Chloroquine treatment administration on P. falciparum medium (G3). P. falciparum medium with S. hermanni extract. Parasitaemia, growth percentage, inhibitory rate, and IC50 were among the parameters evaluated. Administration of extract serial doses succeeds in reducing the percentage of parasite growth and parasitemia levels. G3 demonstrated an inhibitory rate of 88.51 % with a dose of 100 µg/ml and an IC50 of 2.86 µg/ml, indicating high antimalarial activity, although chloroquine had greater antimalarial activity than S. hermanni extract. In vitro studies on S hermanni, ethanol extract indicated that it contains bioactive components and can be an effective antiplasmodial agent.","PeriodicalId":72969,"journal":{"name":"European journal of biology and biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44012861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminary Study on the Solanum nigrum L. (Solanaceae) Complex in the Democratic Republic of the Congo","authors":"Blaise Bikandu Kapesa, M. Sosef, S. Janssens, Timothée Le Péchon, F. L. Luyeye","doi":"10.24018/ejbio.2021.2.5.256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbio.2021.2.5.256","url":null,"abstract":"Black nightshade, or the Solanum nigrum complex, includes a number of species that botanists consider problematic due to their morphological resemblance and the high rate of hybridization. As part of the revision of the family Solanaceae for the Flora central Africa,we realized a molecular study of the Solanum nigrum complex in the western part of the Democratic Republic of Congo. A total of 21 samples of this complex were collected and identified using the recent revision by [11]. The DNA of each specimen was extracted and then amplified by PCR for 4 molecular markers: the two nuclear regions waxy and ITS, and the two chloroplastics markers trnL-F and trnH-psbA. Additional sequences of specimens reliably identified were obtained from GenBank. The combined molecular data set allowed for the identification of two distinct groups. The first we conclude that in the western part of D.R. Congo, two species of the Solanum nigrum complex occur, both showing high morphological variability, while the true Solanum nigrum is absent from that region. The two species are Solanum americanum Mill. and Solanum scabrum Mill. The results confirm the taxonomic decisions of [11]. The generally low resolution in the analyses did not allow to visualize a geographical signal in the variation.","PeriodicalId":72969,"journal":{"name":"European journal of biology and biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44340028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological Characterization of Twenty One Sweet Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Genotypes Collected from Native and Alien Sources","authors":"J. Ferdousi, M. Zakaria, M. A. Hoque, S. Saha, N. Ivy, Md. Iqbal Hossain","doi":"10.24018/ejbio.2021.2.5.254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbio.2021.2.5.254","url":null,"abstract":"Sweet pepper is one of the most important nutritious vegetable and its demand is increasing day by day in Bangladesh indicating need to characterize and assess morphological variability for varietal improvement programme. Twenty-one sweet pepper genotypes from native and alien sources were characterized for twenty-six morphological traits using vegetative and reproductive appearances at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh from October 2018 to March 2019. Marked variation was exhibited among twenty-six qualitative traits (26) studied. Twenty-two (22) characters showed undeniable variation among the genotypes. The presence of higher percentage (61.90%) of light purple color at node were observed indicated high amount of anthocyanin content. Leaf shape is used as genotypes identifier at vegetative stage and herein three types of leaves were found with dark green color (76.19%) that is highly correlates with yield. In case of flower, same level of stigma exertion (61.90%) with 100% white color corolla indicates higher number of fruit sett were exhibited. Entire genotypes exerted one or more exclusive characters especially fruit shape and color in Bangladesh perspective which could be used as an important breeding tools. Fruit color was observed in various categories at intermediate and mature stage as for instance yellow, green, purple, orange, red etc. in addition higher percentage of blocky fruit shape (38.09%) were observed and these are the consumer fascinating attributes of sweet pepper. However, selection of genotypes with desirable morphological trait can be used for their exploitation of future breeding programme.","PeriodicalId":72969,"journal":{"name":"European journal of biology and biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48093899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatotoxic and Nephrotoxic Effect of Ethanol Leaf Extract of Scoparia Dulcis (Linn) in Wistar Rats","authors":"O. A. Adebiyi, D. Ameh, E. Onyike, D. James","doi":"10.24018/ejbio.2021.2.4.234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbio.2021.2.4.234","url":null,"abstract":"Scoparia dulcis (Linn) is a widespread herbal medicine; it bears an enormous number of pharmacological activities. The present study was undertaken to find out the chronic toxicity profile of oral administration of Scoparia dulcis ethanol leaf extract (SDELE) on the liver and the kidney of wistar rats. The animals were grouped into four and administered varying doses of SDELE (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg body weight and 0.2 ml distilled water respectively) for a period of fourteen weeks (100 days). The acute toxicity, body weight, relative organ weight, hematological parameters, biochemical markers for liver and kidney damage were monitored and histopathology of the liver and kidney of the rat were carried out. The LD50 of SDELE was found to be 1131 mg/kg body weight. There was a significant (p<0.05) reduction in weight of the rat administered 400 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg when compared with the control though there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the relative weight of the organs. There was also a significant increase (p<0.05) in the lymphocytes, serum level of aspartate amino transferase (ASP), alanine amino transferase (ALT), alkali phosphatase (ALP), total protein, A/G ratio, creatinine, urea, uric acid, total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and potassium ions while there was a significant decrease in HDL-cholesterol and sodium ions in the animal group administered 400 mg/kg body weight of the extract. Histopathology of the liver and kidney revealed haemorrhage and vascular congestion at 200 mg/kg doses and renal damage at 400 mg/kg body weight doses respectively. However, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in any of the parameters studied in the group administered 100 mg/kg body weight dose when compared with the controlled group. Ethanol leaf extracts of Scoparia dulcis showed hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic tendencies and should be used with caution especially when employed in the treatment of chronic diseases","PeriodicalId":72969,"journal":{"name":"European journal of biology and biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48950072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacterial Inhibition and Antioxidant Activity of Probiotic Yoghurt Developed Using Microbial Isolates from Soymilk","authors":"J NyaE., I. Uffia","doi":"10.24018/EJBIO.2021.2.4.174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/EJBIO.2021.2.4.174","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to investigate the bacterial inhibition and antioxidant activities of probiotic yoghurts developed using microbial isolates from Soymilk. Bacterial inhibitory activity of yoghurt was evaluated against Staphyloccocus aureus, Bacillus subtillis, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas flourescens by using the disk diffusion method. The yoghurt showed some inhibitory activities against all the organisms tested. Antioxidant activity of yoghurt was measured using three different methods- Diphenyl-1-picryl hydroxyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, lipid peroxidase assay and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity against Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) as standard. The results showed that probiotic yoghurt exhibits relative high antioxidant activities as compare to BHA. However, by implications this study suggests that probiotic yoghurt has some inhibitory activities against all the bacteria tested, also can be consider among the most promising functional foods for their antioxidant activity and ability to prevent oxidative damage and attendant ageing.","PeriodicalId":72969,"journal":{"name":"European journal of biology and biotechnology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42331518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detecting and Analyzing Hydrolytic Enzymes of Industrial Significance in two Streptomyces Strains Isolated from the Soil","authors":"O. Akintunde","doi":"10.24018/ejbio.2021.2.3.214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbio.2021.2.3.214","url":null,"abstract":"Two Streptomyces strain were isolated from a soil sample in Louisiana. They were identified via 16S rRNA sequencing and phylogeny. To detect the presence of hydrolytic enzymes, starch, carboxymethyl-cellulose (CMC), lipase reagent, and Milk (casein) were used as substrate to detect the production of amylase, cellulose, lipase and casease respectively. Both strains showed the ability to hydrolyze starch, and cellulose, while only strain SWHR10 displayed lipase activity. In addition, strain SWHR10 showed better amylase and cellulase activity. Hemolysis, gelatinase and catalase tests were also conducted. This study further validates that Streptomyces remain a powerhouse of hydrolytic enzymes with industrial and economic importance.","PeriodicalId":72969,"journal":{"name":"European journal of biology and biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42598329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laboratory Findings, Vaginal Cytology and Histopathology in Bitches with Cystic Endometrial Hyperplasia – Pyometra Complex","authors":"Martin Llazani, Alketa Qoku, L. Dhaskali","doi":"10.24018/ejbio.2021.2.3.200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbio.2021.2.3.200","url":null,"abstract":"Cystic Endometrial Hyperplasia -Pyometra complex, a common pathological condition of uterus in bitches, it is attributed hormonal and bacteriological causes. It is studied in 10 bitches of cross and pure bred and aged from 1-13 years. In this study, the average age of animals was 8.33±1 year. Hematological and biochemical lab findings were evaluated in bitches with or without vaginal discharge. Lab findings were leukocytosis, neutrophilia and normocytic, normocromic anemia. Biochemical results shown increased of ALT and ALKP and a moderate of BUN. An increased number of parabasal and intermediate cells were detected in vaginal cytology. Histopathologic diagnosis confirmed thickness of uteri wall, a lot of cystic glands of it and the pus presented in lumen of uterus and its horns. \u0000The purposes of this study were that through different techniques to diagnose earlier Cystic Endometrial Hyperplasia – Pyometra complex in bitches, in order to welfare of animals.","PeriodicalId":72969,"journal":{"name":"European journal of biology and biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49277745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytotoxic Potential from the Extracellular Filtrate from Aspergillus niveus Cultured in YPD Medium against Human Tumor Cells","authors":"T. B. Alves, G. M. Roberto, M. Brassesco, L. H. S. Guimarães","doi":"10.24018/EJBIO.2021.2.1.142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/EJBIO.2021.2.1.142","url":null,"abstract":"Different fungal species, especially from the genus Aspergillus, have been reported as producers of small molecules, including proteins, with biological activity and a better understanding of their sources, structure, function and toxicity is essential for their biotechnological applications. According to this, our aim was to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of the extracellular filtrate produced by A. niveus. The crude filtrate obtained in YPD medium containing 18 kDa protein, after cultivation for 120 h, was selected for cytotoxic assay, assessed by Giemsa staining, against different human tumor cell lines. Crude filtrate inhibited (from 27% to 50%) the ONS-76 (medulloblastoma), HT144T (melanoma), HOS (osteosarcoma), T98G (glioblastoma) human tumor cell lines and MRC-5 (fibroblasts) human normal cells, at 20 µg/mL for 72 h treatment. According to this, the 18 kDa protein band and the fractions obtained after DEAE-Cellulose procedure were evaluated through mass spectrometry (MS/MS) analysis, revealing the presence of peptides with similarity to the alpha-sarcin, mitogillin and Aspf1 ribotoxins described for other Aspergillus species. In conclusion, the A. niveus extracellular filtrate containing ribotoxin-like proteins reduced, in vitro, the growth of human tumor cell lines indicating their biotechnological potential, indicating a possible future application in the elaboration of immunotoxins.","PeriodicalId":72969,"journal":{"name":"European journal of biology and biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43096732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fungitoxic Potentialities of NECO 50 EC in an Integrated Black Sigatoka Management Strategy in Industrial Dessert Banana Plantation","authors":"Jean-Martial F. K. Kassi, Henri P. N’Guessan, S. Tuo, B. Camara, D. Kone","doi":"10.24018/ejbio.2021.2.4.232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbio.2021.2.4.232","url":null,"abstract":"Black leaf streak disease (BLSD) is the major constraint on banana production around the world. In Côte d'Ivoire, this disease is found in all banana-growing areas and its management involves the use of large volumes of agrochemicals. This mode of production is increasingly denounced by consumers from regarding fruit contamination by phytopharmaceuticals. The objective of this study is to promote the use of NECO 50 EC, a plant extract-based biofungicide in an integrated black Sigatoka management system. The fungitoxic effect of NECO 50 EC was assessed in vitro on Mycosphaerella fijiensis conidia germination and the evolution of black leaf streak disease symptoms under natural infestation. NECO 50 EC was applied over a surface area of 25 ha at a rate of 0.3 l/ha. Its weekly effect on the evolution of the rank of the youngest leaf affected (YLA), the rank of the youngest necrotic leaf (YLN), the number of functional leaves at flowering (NFLF) and the number of functional leaves at harvest (NFLH) was determined and then compared to those of a morpholine (Volley 88 OL) applied over a surface area of 25 ha at a dose of 0.5 l/ha. NECO 50 EC showed an anti-germinating effect on Mycosphaerella fijiensis conidia at low doses, useful in reducing disease spreading. Its application in banana tree plantations reduced disease pressure on the plots. It ensured the protection of new leaves generated (YLA > 4), favored ranks of YLN greater than 9. More than 14 leaves were counted at flowering and more than 7 leaves at harvest were observed. NECO 50 EC, a plant extract-based biological fungicide, may be an effective alternative for black leaf streak disease control in industrial banana tree plantations.","PeriodicalId":72969,"journal":{"name":"European journal of biology and biotechnology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68819683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}