EC psychology and psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Complementary Alternative Medicine (CAM) Use and Associated Factors among HIV Infected Children and Adolescents Seeking Mental Health Services in Uganda.","authors":"Justine Diana Namuli,&nbsp;Nalugya S Joyce,&nbsp;Paul Bangirana,&nbsp;Etheldreda Nakimuli-Mpungu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Given the limited integration of mental health services into pediatric HIV care in sub-Saharan Africa, there is limited information on the nature of mental health service use sought by caregivers of children and adolescents living with HIV/AIDS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from a sample of 135 children and adolescents living with HIV/AIDS and attending a pediatric HIV care service whose parents or caregivers had sought for mental health care for their emotional or behavior problems in the past year. We assessed complementary alternative medicine use, socio-demographic characteristics and types of behavioral problems using a SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC questionnaire and the child behavioral checklist (6 - 18) respectively. Logistic regression models were used to explore factors independently associated with specific patterns of mental health service use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 135 parents/caregivers interviewed, 38 (28.15%) sought mental health care from only complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) providers (traditional or faith healers), 38 (28.15%) from only conventional medical providers (general physicians, general nurses, psychiatrists or HIV counselors) and 59 (43.70%) sought care from both). Severe HIV disease in the young children [PRR = 2.09, 95%CI = 1.36 to 3.2, p-value = 0.001] and thought problems [PRR 1.26, 95%CI = 0.81 to 1.72, p-value = 0.04] in adolescents were independently associated with complementary and alternative medicine use.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Caregivers of children and adolescents with progressive HIV disease and thought problems were more likely to seek mental health services from complementary and alternative medicine providers.</p>","PeriodicalId":72862,"journal":{"name":"EC psychology and psychiatry","volume":"9 10","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8457676/pdf/nihms-1645600.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39443734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge Gaps about Autism Spectrum Disorders and its Clinical Management among Child and Adolescent Health Care Workers in Uganda: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Justine Diana Namuli,&nbsp;Etheldreda Nakimuli-Mpungu,&nbsp;Emmanuel K Mwesiga,&nbsp;Nalugya S Joyce","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is limited literature on the knowledge about Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) among child and adolescent health professionals from resource limited settings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>40 child and adolescent health professionals were purposively sampled from the two national referral hospitals in Uganda. Participants completed a standardized questionnaire that collected data on socio-demographic characteristics, the Knowledge about Childhood Autism among Health Workers (KCAHW) and the challenges related to diagnosing and managing ASD. General linear model with the Poisson regression was used to evaluate bivariate and multivariate factors associated with limited knowledge about ASD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study participation rate was 90% with the majority being females (N = 21, 58%). Also, most (N = 20, 55.6%) were mental health professionals working at the Butabika pediatric out-patient clinic while (N = 16, 44.4%) were pediatric health professionals working at the Mulago mental and neurological pediatric clinics. The mean score on KCAHW was 11.8 (SD = 3.75). The participants (36.1%) who scored below the mean score were regarded as having limited knowledge about ASD. Health workers with limited knowledge about ASD (KCAHW score < 11.8) were less likely to have a degree [adjusted Prevalence rate ratio (aPRR) = 0.26, 95%CI = 0.08 to 0.78, p-value = 0.018. Mental health and Non-mental health workers had comparable KCAHW mean scores. Clinical Psychologists, Psychiatrists, psychiatry residents and pediatric nurses had the highest KCAHW scores while psychiatric nurses and medical social workers had the lowest scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The proportion of child and adolescent health professionals with limited knowledge about ASD is substantial. There is urgent need to increase focus on training in autism spectrum disorders especially among non-specialist health workers.</p>","PeriodicalId":72862,"journal":{"name":"EC psychology and psychiatry","volume":"9 9","pages":"112-121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8457675/pdf/nihms-1645601.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39443736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can Chronic Consumption of Caffeine by Increasing D2/D3 Receptors Offer Benefit to Carriers of the DRD2 A1 Allele in Cocaine Abuse?","authors":"Kenneth Blum,&nbsp;David Baron,&nbsp;Rajendra D Badgaiyan,&nbsp;Mark S Gold","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72862,"journal":{"name":"EC psychology and psychiatry","volume":"8 5","pages":"318-321"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6604646/pdf/nihms-1027157.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37396342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Evidence for the Combination of Pro-dopamine Regulator (KB220PAM) and Naltrexone to Prevent Opioid Use Disorder Relapse.","authors":"Kenneth Blum,&nbsp;Edward J Modestino,&nbsp;Rajendra D Badgaiyan,&nbsp;David Baron,&nbsp;Panayotis K Thanos,&nbsp;Igor Elman,&nbsp;David Siwicki,&nbsp;Marcelo Febo,&nbsp;Mark S Gold","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Blum's laboratory first showed the benefits of naloxone or narcotic antagonists in the treatment of alcohol dependence. This seminal work published in Nature in the early 70's, in conjunction with many other studies, later served as the basis for the development of the narcotic antagonist (NTX) now used to treat both alcohol and opioid dependence. In 2006 an extended-release injectable of Naltrexone (XR-NTX) was approved by the FDA. Naltrexone is a relatively weak antagonist of κ- and δ-receptors and is also a potent μ-receptor antagonist. Dosages of naltrexone that effectively reduce opioid and alcohol consumption also actively block μ-receptors, but chronically down-regulate mesolimbic dopamine release. While studies show benefit especially in the short term, there is ongoing evidence that the retention and compliance with NTX are not sufficient to characterize adherence as high. However, extended-release NTX opioid treatment is associated with superior outcomes including less likely relapse (defined as daily use), and much longer time to relapse despite higher rates of concurrent non-opioid substance use like cocaine. Regarding long-term extended-release injectable (XR-NTX) for opioid dependence; there was higher compliance with Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) than for Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD.). Consideration of modalities in combination with XR-NTX is imperative. Research by Blum., <i>et al.</i> showed that a combination of Naltrexone and a pro-dopamine regulator neuro-nutrient (KB220) significantly prevented opioid relapse. Thus, early identification of addiction vulnerability with the Genetic Addiction Risk Score (GARS™) a panel of polymorphic risk alleles from ten reward circuitry genes will provide valuable information especially as it relates to genetically guided therapy with the KB220 neuro nutrient termed 'Precision Addiction Management\".</p>","PeriodicalId":72862,"journal":{"name":"EC psychology and psychiatry","volume":"7 8","pages":"564-579"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6226033/pdf/nihms-991063.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36665659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}