{"title":"An Introduction to the Violence Issue.","authors":"David D Chen","doi":"10.32481/djph.2024.06.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32481/djph.2024.06.02","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72774,"journal":{"name":"Delaware journal of public health","volume":"10 2","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11221871/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141536358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
David Chen, Johanna Rodriguez, Mishai Pendleton, Nichole Johnson
{"title":"Empowering Victims of Lived Violence: Delaware's Hospital Violence Intervention Program (HVIP).","authors":"David Chen, Johanna Rodriguez, Mishai Pendleton, Nichole Johnson","doi":"10.32481/djph.2024.06.06","DOIUrl":"10.32481/djph.2024.06.06","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hospital Violence Intervention Programs (HVIP) are increasingly implemented across a variety of healthcare-associated contexts to prevent and address violent intentional injury. We describe the establishment of a health system funded HVIP in Delaware and the direct experiences of staff and violence-specialized Community Health Workers.</p>","PeriodicalId":72774,"journal":{"name":"Delaware journal of public health","volume":"10 2","pages":"36-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11221877/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141536075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Safer Delaware: The Case for a Permit-to-Purchase Policy for Reducing Firearm Violence.","authors":"Traci Manza Murphy, Sarah Stowens","doi":"10.32481/djph.2024.06.09","DOIUrl":"10.32481/djph.2024.06.09","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72774,"journal":{"name":"Delaware journal of public health","volume":"10 2","pages":"54-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11221876/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141536357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Implications of Exposure to Intimate Partner Violence in Childhood.","authors":"Kelly Oberheim, Janice Barlow, Erin Nescott","doi":"10.32481/djph.2024.06.03","DOIUrl":"10.32481/djph.2024.06.03","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The most recent available data show that children were present at 38% of domestic incidents reported throughout Delaware, and analysis of barriers to reporting predict this number to be much higher. Intimate partner violence (IPV) can take numerous forms, such as patterns of physical, sexual, psychological, economic, and reproductive abuse, meaning each situation manifests differently and requires individualized intervention. Children face unique short- and long-term challenges as a result of their witness status within such scenarios. Programming throughout Delaware works to support victims and mitigate the negative ramifications that IPV has on children and their families.</p>","PeriodicalId":72774,"journal":{"name":"Delaware journal of public health","volume":"10 2","pages":"6-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11221872/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141536076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Celebrating Fifty Years of Crime Victims' Compensation in Delaware.","authors":"Paige J Schmittinger","doi":"10.32481/djph.2024.06.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32481/djph.2024.06.05","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72774,"journal":{"name":"Delaware journal of public health","volume":"10 2","pages":"18-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11221870/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141536360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Training the Next Generation of Public Health Leaders to Tackle Chronic Disease in Delaware:: Examples And Opportunities.","authors":"Laura Lessard, Angela Herman","doi":"10.32481/djph.2024.03.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32481/djph.2024.03.02","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72774,"journal":{"name":"Delaware journal of public health","volume":"10 1","pages":"4-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10987030/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140869638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brian Nam, Yeonjoo Yi, Kevin Ndura, Krishna Vasireddy, Claudine Jurkovitz, Kiran Kattepogu
{"title":"A Comprehensive Analysis of the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Lung Cancer in Delaware.","authors":"Brian Nam, Yeonjoo Yi, Kevin Ndura, Krishna Vasireddy, Claudine Jurkovitz, Kiran Kattepogu","doi":"10.32481/djph.2024.03.04","DOIUrl":"10.32481/djph.2024.03.04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>COVID-19 has greatly impacted the U.S. health system. What is not as well-understood is how this has altered specific aspects of lung cancer care. While cancer incidence and screening have been affected, it is not known whether pre-existing racial and socioeconomic disparities worsened or if treatment standards changed. The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the impact of COVID-19 on lung cancer in the state of Delaware.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Health care claims were analyzed from the Delaware Healthcare Claims Database for the years 2019-2020. Patients with a new lung cancer diagnosis and those who had undergone lung cancer screening were identified. Demographic and socioeconomic variables including gender, age, race, and insurance were studied. Patients were analyzed for type of treatment by CPT code. The intervention of interest in this study was the institution of restrictions at the end of March 2020. An interrupted time series analysis (ITSA) was utilized to evaluate baseline levels and overall trend changes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The incidence of lung cancer diagnoses and lung cancer screenings decreased in the nine-month time period after the initiation of COVID-19 lockdowns. Demographic and socioeconomic variables including gender, race, income, and education level were not affected; however, statistical differences were seen in the most elderly subgroup. Treatment modalities including number of surgeries, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy did not change significantly.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>COVID-19 has had a significant impact on lung cancer care within the state of Delaware. Lung cancer incidence, screenings, and elderly patients were affected the most.</p>","PeriodicalId":72774,"journal":{"name":"Delaware journal of public health","volume":"10 1","pages":"12-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10987022/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140867295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paul T Enlow, Courtney Thomas, Angel Munoz Osorio, Marshala Lee, Jonathan M Miller, Lavisha Pelaez, Anne E Kazak, Thao-Ly T Phan
{"title":"Community Partnership to Co-Develop an Intervention to Promote Equitable Uptake of the COVID-19 Vaccine Among Pediatric Populations.","authors":"Paul T Enlow, Courtney Thomas, Angel Munoz Osorio, Marshala Lee, Jonathan M Miller, Lavisha Pelaez, Anne E Kazak, Thao-Ly T Phan","doi":"10.32481/djph.2024.03.06","DOIUrl":"10.32481/djph.2024.03.06","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the process of engaging community, caregiver, and youth partners in codeveloping an intervention to promote equitable uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine in non-Hispanic Black (Black) and Hispanic youth who experience higher rates of COVID-19 transmission, morbidity, and mortality but were less likely to receive the COVID-19 vaccine.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A team of 11 Black and Hispanic community partners was assembled to codevelop intervention strategies with our interdisciplinary research team. We used a mixed-methods crowdsourcing approach with Black and Hispanic youth (n=15) and caregivers of Black and Hispanic youth (n=20) who had not yet been vaccinated against COVID-19, recruited from primary care clinics, to elicit perspectives on the acceptability of these intervention strategies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We codeveloped five strategies: (1) community-tailored handouts and posters, (2) videos featuring local youth, (3) family-centered language to offer vaccines in the primary care clinic, (4) communication-skills training for primary care providers, and (5) use of community health workers to counsel families about the vaccine. The majority (56-96.9%) of youth and caregivers rated each of these strategies as acceptable, especially because they addressed common concerns and facilitated shared decision-making.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Engaging community and family partners led to the co-development of culturally- and locally-tailored strategies to promote dialogue and shared decision-making about the COVID-19 vaccine. This process can be used to codevelop interventions to address other forms of public health disparities.</p><p><strong>Policy implications: </strong>Intervention strategies that promote dialogues with trusted healthcare providers and support shared decision-making are acceptable strategies to promote COVID-19 vaccine uptake among youth from historically underserved communities. Stakeholder-engaged methods may also help in the development of interventions to address other forms of health disparities.</p>","PeriodicalId":72774,"journal":{"name":"Delaware journal of public health","volume":"10 1","pages":"30-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10987021/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140864679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mapping Health Disparities:: Leveraging Area-Based Deprivation Indices for Targeted Chronic Disease Intervention.","authors":"Darrell Dow","doi":"10.32481/djph.2024.03.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32481/djph.2024.03.14","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article addresses the critical link between socioeconomic status and health outcomes in chronic disease patients, emphasizing the need for system-level outcome measurement stratified by socioeconomic status. Despite the acknowledged influence of social determinants, there is a lack of published studies analyzing chronic disease outcomes neighborhood by neighborhood. The importance of mapping as a public health tool, and the significance of analyzing outcomes at the neighborhood level is emphasized. The U.S. Census Bureau's hierarchy of space definitions is presented, particularly focusing on census tracts as a unique opportunity for analyzing chronic disease outcomes. Two Area-Based Deprivation Indices (ABDIs) - the Area Deprivation Index (ADI) and the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) - as tools to measure socioeconomic disadvantage and vulnerability to environmental stressors, respectively are described. A brief survey of the weaknesses of ABDIs and limitations in addressing individual-level factors is addressed followed by a discussion of the challenges in translating patient address data into census block data. The evolving conversation around equity analysis and its impact on chronic disease management is presented. It highlights the willingness of public payers to tie payments to ABDIs, signaling a shift towards a more equitable healthcare system. Private insurers and health systems are urged to invest in geocoding strategies to understand and improve outcomes for the diverse neighborhoods they serve, acknowledging that the path forward involves addressing health disparities at the population level.</p>","PeriodicalId":72774,"journal":{"name":"Delaware journal of public health","volume":"10 1","pages":"106-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10987032/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140873686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pediatric Dentists:: Frontline Public Health Providers Leading the Way in Identifying and Preventing Childhood Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome.","authors":"Bari Levine, Freda Patterson, Lauren Covington","doi":"10.32481/djph.2024.03.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32481/djph.2024.03.07","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72774,"journal":{"name":"Delaware journal of public health","volume":"10 1","pages":"44-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10987031/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140875060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}