COVID最新文献 - Book学术

Use of a Multiplex Immunoassay Platform to Investigate Multifaceted Antibody Responses in SARS-CoV-2 Vaccinees with and Without Prior Infection. 使用多重免疫测定平台调查有和没有先前感染的SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种者的多方面抗体反应

COVID Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-22 DOI: 10.3390/covid5040044

Troy Odo, Brien K Haun, Caitlin A Williams, Aquena Ball, Albert To, Teri Ann S Wong, Lauren Ching, Eileen Nakano, Alex Van Ry, Laurent Pessaint, Hanne Andersen, Oreola Donini, Vivek R Nerurkar, Axel T Lehrer

{"title":"Use of a Multiplex Immunoassay Platform to Investigate Multifaceted Antibody Responses in SARS-CoV-2 Vaccinees with and Without Prior Infection.","authors":"Troy Odo, Brien K Haun, Caitlin A Williams, Aquena Ball, Albert To, Teri Ann S Wong, Lauren Ching, Eileen Nakano, Alex Van Ry, Laurent Pessaint, Hanne Andersen, Oreola Donini, Vivek R Nerurkar, Axel T Lehrer","doi":"10.3390/covid5040044","DOIUrl":"10.3390/covid5040044","url":null,"abstract":"The emergence of COVID-19 necessitated the rapid development of vaccines. While highly effective at reducing severe disease and death, breakthrough infections remain a problem as the virus continues to mutate. To help address this issue, we show the utility of a multiplex immunoassay in measuring multiple aspects of the antibody response generated by SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. We use a multiplex immunoassay platform to measure spike-specific IgG concentration, avidity, and receptor-binding inhibition. In addition, we correlate results from an ACE-2 receptor-binding inhibition assay with corresponding data from a SARS-CoV-2 microneutralization assay to establish this inhibitory assay as a potential predictor of virus neutralization. We studied these antibody responses in SARS-CoV-2-naïve and -convalescent vaccinees. Our results showed increased IgG concentrations, avidity, and inhibition following vaccination in both groups. We were also able to differentiate the immune response between the two groups using the multiplex immunoassay platform to look at antibody diversity. The receptor-binding inhibition assay has strong correlations with a cell-based pseudovirus neutralization assay as well as with WT SARS-CoV-2 Washington and Delta variant PRNT50 assays. This suggests that the inhibition assay may be able to simultaneously predict virus neutralization of different SARS-CoV-2 variants. Overall, we show that the developed custom multiplex immunoassay with several experimental variations is a powerful tool in assessing multiple aspects of the SARS-CoV-2 antibody response in vaccinated individuals.","PeriodicalId":72714,"journal":{"name":"COVID","volume":"5 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12097637/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144129370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of Metabolic States on SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Responses in Mouse Models of Obesity and Diabetes. 代谢状态对肥胖和糖尿病小鼠模型中SARS-CoV-2疫苗反应的影响

COVID Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-24 DOI: 10.3390/covid5010002

Olivia A Smith, Brent Fujimoto, Teri Ann S Wong, Albert To, Troy Odo, Aquena Ball, Brien K Haun, Hiromi Muramatsu, Ying K Tam, Norbert Pardi, Axel T Lehrer

{"title":"Impact of Metabolic States on SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Responses in Mouse Models of Obesity and Diabetes.","authors":"Olivia A Smith, Brent Fujimoto, Teri Ann S Wong, Albert To, Troy Odo, Aquena Ball, Brien K Haun, Hiromi Muramatsu, Ying K Tam, Norbert Pardi, Axel T Lehrer","doi":"10.3390/covid5010002","DOIUrl":"10.3390/covid5010002","url":null,"abstract":"The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 has resulted in a significant impact on public health, particularly for individuals with underlying health conditions such as obesity and diabetes. While vaccination efforts have played a crucial role in reducing hospitalizations, it remains unclear whether the effectiveness of these vaccines varies among different population groups. In this study, we investigated the immune responses generated by various SARS-CoV-2 vaccine platforms in mouse models with obesity and diabetes, focusing on both cell-mediated and humoral immune responses. Our findings revealed diminished immune responses in diabetic and obese mice compared to healthy counterparts. After vaccination with adjuvanted subunit or mRNA lipid nanoparticle (LNP) vaccines, both humoral and cell-mediated responses were significantly reduced in diabetic mice. Obese mice also exhibited decreased immunogenicity, albeit to a lesser extent. However, it should be noted that mRNA vaccines demonstrated strong neutralizing responses across all metabolic states, while adjuvanted subunit vaccines elicited higher antibody avidity in mice with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity compared to healthy mice. These results suggest that the impaired humoral and cell-mediated responses observed in altered metabolic states may be linked to chronic inflammation associated with obesity and suboptimal glycemic control in diabetes. Understanding the impact of these metabolic disturbances on vaccine immunogenicity is crucial for developing optimized vaccines that can effectively enhance immune responses and provide long-lasting protection against SARS-CoV-2, even in individuals with obesity and diabetes. By contributing these findings, we support efforts to improve vaccine efficacy in populations affected by metabolic disorders, advancing effective immunization against SARS-CoV-2.","PeriodicalId":72714,"journal":{"name":"COVID","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12097603/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144129369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

COVID-19 Stress is Associated with Increased Smoking among People with HIV in Western Washington: A Cross-Sectional Survey. 新冠病毒压力与华盛顿西部艾滋病毒感染者吸烟增加有关：一项横断面调查。

COVID Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.3390/covid4100112

Anh Tuyet Nguyen, Francis Slaughter, Sarah Smith, David A Katz, Sandeep Prabhu, Liying Wang, Jane M Simoni, Judith I Tsui, Susan M Graham

{"title":"COVID-19 Stress is Associated with Increased Smoking among People with HIV in Western Washington: A Cross-Sectional Survey.","authors":"Anh Tuyet Nguyen, Francis Slaughter, Sarah Smith, David A Katz, Sandeep Prabhu, Liying Wang, Jane M Simoni, Judith I Tsui, Susan M Graham","doi":"10.3390/covid4100112","DOIUrl":"10.3390/covid4100112","url":null,"abstract":"Background: People living with HIV (PWH) frequently have co-morbid substance use disorders that may have been impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study examined associations between COVID-related stress and increased substance use among PWH in Washington State.Methods: Between August 2020 and March 2021, we conducted an online survey of 397 PWH in Western Washington. Logistic regression was used to analyze associations between a COVID-19 stress score and four self-reported outcomes: increased alcohol use, increased cigarette smoking, increased marijuana use, and increased use of illicit substances.Results: Thirty-five (38.0%) of 92 participants who smoked, 61 (23.4%) of 261 participants who used alcohol, 15 (14.6%) of 103 participants who used marijuana and 35 (33.0%) of 102 participants who used illicit substances reported increased use of these substances. Higher COVID-19 stress scores were associated with higher odds of increased cigarette smoking (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=1.15, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04-1.27), even after adjustment for anxiety and depressive symptoms (aOR 1.14, 95%CI: 1.03-1.27). COVID-19 stress was not associated with increased use of alcohol, marijuana, or illicit substances.Conclusions: COVID-19-related stress was associated with self-reported increased cigarette smoking among PWH in Western Washington during the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":72714,"journal":{"name":"COVID","volume":"4 10","pages":"1617-1630"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11774511/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143061368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of COVID-19 on Dental Students’ Mental Health Status and Perception of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine COVID-19 对牙科学生心理健康状况和对 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗认知的影响

COVID Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.3390/covid4080078

Man Hung, Nicole Hablitzel, Sharon Su, Samantha Melnitsky, A. Mohajeri

引用次数: 0

COVID Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.3390/covid4080076

Andrea Marino, Giovanni Cacciaguerra, G. Sangiorgio, A. Maniaci, L. La Via, S. Cocuzza, Stefano Stracquadanio, Roberta Leonardi, Serena Spampinato, Bruno Cacopardo, Piero Pavone, Giuseppe Nunnari

引用次数: 0

3Cs: Unleashing Capsule Networks for Robust COVID-19 Detection Using CT Images 3Cs：利用 CT 图像释放胶囊网络，进行可靠的 COVID-19 检测

COVID Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.3390/covid4080077

Rawan Alaufi, Felwa A. Abukhodair, Manal Kalkatawi

{"title":"3Cs: Unleashing Capsule Networks for Robust COVID-19 Detection Using CT Images","authors":"Rawan Alaufi, Felwa A. Abukhodair, Manal Kalkatawi","doi":"10.3390/covid4080077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/covid4080077","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has spread worldwide for over two years. It was considered a significant threat to global health due to its transmissibility and high pathogenicity. The standard test for COVID-19, namely, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR), is somehow inaccurate and might have a high false-negative rate (FNR). As a result, an infected person with a negative test result may unknowingly continue to spread the virus, especially if they are infected with an undiscovered COVID-19 strain. Thus, a more accurate diagnostic technique is required. In this study, we propose 3Cs, which is a capsule neural network (CapsNet) used to classify computed tomography (CT) images as novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP), common pneumonia (CP), or normal lungs. Using 6123 CT images of healthy patients’ lungs and those of patients with CP and NCP, the 3Cs method achieved an accuracy of around 98% and an FNR of about 2%, demonstrating CapNet’s ability to extract features from CT images that distinguish between healthy and infected lungs. This research confirmed that using CapsNet to detect COVID-19 from CT images results in a lower FNR compared to RT–PCR. Thus, it can be used in conjunction with RT–PCR to diagnose COVID-19 regardless of the variant.","PeriodicalId":72714,"journal":{"name":"COVID","volume":"28 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141810002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

EFCAB4B (CRACR2A/Rab46) Genetic Variants Associated with COVID-19 Fatality 与 COVID-19 死亡有关的 EFCAB4B（CRACR2A/Rab46）遗传变异

COVID Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.3390/covid4070075

Dapeng Wang, S. D. Wiktor, Chew W. Cheng, K. J. Simmons, Ashley Money, L. Pedicini, Asya Carlton, Alexander L. Breeze, Lynn McKeown

{"title":"EFCAB4B (CRACR2A/Rab46) Genetic Variants Associated with COVID-19 Fatality","authors":"Dapeng Wang, S. D. Wiktor, Chew W. Cheng, K. J. Simmons, Ashley Money, L. Pedicini, Asya Carlton, Alexander L. Breeze, Lynn McKeown","doi":"10.3390/covid4070075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/covid4070075","url":null,"abstract":"The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has resulted in more than 692 million cases worldwide and nearly 7 million deaths (August 2023). Severe COVID-19 is characterised in part by vascular thrombosis and a cytokine storm due to increased plasma concentrations of pro-thrombotic proteins such as von Willebrand factor and cytokines secreted from endothelial and T-cells. EFCAB4B is a gene that encodes for two proteins (CRACR2A and Rab46) that play important roles in endothelial and T-cell secretion. In this study, using patient data recorded in the UK Biobank, we demonstrate the importance of variants in the EFCAB4B genetic sequence with COVID-19 fatality. Using logistic regression analysis, we determined that three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the gene cause missense variations in CRACR2A and Rab46, which are associated with COVID-19 fatality (rs9788233: p = 0.004, odds ratio = 1.511; rs17836273: p = 0.012, odds ratio = 1.433; rs36030417: p = 0.013, odds ratio = 1.393). All three SNPs cause changes in amino acid residues that are highly conserved across species, indicating their importance in protein structure and function. Two SNPs, rs17836273 (A98T) and rs36030417 (H212Q), cause amino acid substitutions in important functional domains: the EF-hand and coiled-coil domain, respectively. Molecular modelling shows minimal impact by the substitution of threonine at position 98 on the structure of the EF-hand. Since Rab46 is a GTPase that regulates both endothelial cell secretion and T-cell signalling, these missense variants may play a role in the molecular mechanisms underlying the thrombotic and inflammatory characteristics observed in patients with severe COVID-19 outcomes.","PeriodicalId":72714,"journal":{"name":"COVID","volume":"117 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141646895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparison of the Psychological Impact of COVID-19 on Healthcare Workers between 2022 and 2023 in a Romanian COVID-19 Hub Hospital 罗马尼亚 COVID-19 中心医院 2022 年和 2023 年 COVID-19 对医护人员心理影响的比较

COVID Pub Date : 2024-07-14 DOI: 10.3390/covid4070074

Monica Muntean, D. Colcear, V. Briciu, M. Lupșe, C. Crisan, Maria Sidea, Amanda Rădulescu

{"title":"Comparison of the Psychological Impact of COVID-19 on Healthcare Workers between 2022 and 2023 in a Romanian COVID-19 Hub Hospital","authors":"Monica Muntean, D. Colcear, V. Briciu, M. Lupșe, C. Crisan, Maria Sidea, Amanda Rădulescu","doi":"10.3390/covid4070074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/covid4070074","url":null,"abstract":"We assessed depression, anxiety, and stress in healthcare workers (HCWs) in 2023 and the evolution of depression in 2023 compared with 2022. In September–November 2023, 181 HCWs from the Infectious Diseases Hospital, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, completed the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress 21 Scale (DASS-21 R), the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9), and the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A). The prevalence of moderate-to-severe levels was 13.8% for DASS-Depression, 18.8% for DASS-Anxiety, 16.1% for DASS-Stress, 19.9% for PHQ-9, and 18.2% for HAM-A. Moderate-to-severe PHQ-9 depression was significantly lower in the 2023 study group (19.9%, N = 181) compared with 2022 (30.6%, N = 114) (p = 0.04), also within the 2022–2023 follow-up participants (N = 88) (p = 0.03). We did not find significant statistical differences between those infected vs. non-infected, vaccinated vs. non-vaccinated, or working with vs. not working with SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. Males were significantly more stressed (p = 0.02) and anxious (p = 0.03), and physicians in training had the highest prevalence of moderate-to-severe depression (31.6%), followed by physicians (25.6%). In 2023, depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms decreased but remained within a concerning range. By addressing these psychological issues, we may reduce the possibility of medical errors and prevent professional crises in the healthcare system.","PeriodicalId":72714,"journal":{"name":"COVID","volume":"56 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141649689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

COVID-2019—A Personal Account of an Academic Institute’s Response to the Pandemic COVID-2019-一个学术机构应对大流行病的亲身经历

COVID Pub Date : 2024-07-13 DOI: 10.3390/covid4070073

Stephen Higgs

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Effects of Depressive and Anxiety-Related Behaviors in Patients Aged 30–75+ Who Have Experienced COVID-19 经历过 COVID-19 的 30-75 岁以上患者抑郁和焦虑相关行为的影响

COVID Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.3390/covid4070072

Nderim Rizanaj, Fahri Gavazaj

{"title":"Effects of Depressive and Anxiety-Related Behaviors in Patients Aged 30–75+ Who Have Experienced COVID-19","authors":"Nderim Rizanaj, Fahri Gavazaj","doi":"10.3390/covid4070072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/covid4070072","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the prevalence, severity, and implications of depressive and anxiety behaviors among individuals aged 30–75+ who have recovered from COVID-19. The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated mental health challenges, prompting a critical examination of its psychological aftermath. Employing a quantitative research design, the study utilized a cross-sectional approach to gather data from 422 participants recruited through convenience sampling from healthcare facilities, community organizations, and online platforms. Participants, who had tested positive for COVID-19 and recovered, completed standardized assessments including the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) for depressive symptoms and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder seven-item scale (GAD-7) for anxiety symptoms. Demographic variables were also collected to explore the correlations and potential risk factors using SPSS software. Key findings highlight significant levels of depressive and anxiety-related symptoms among the study population, emphasizing the necessity for tailored interventions and support services. The study’s limitations include the inability to establish causal relationships due to its cross-sectional nature and potential biases associated with convenience sampling. Nevertheless, the research underscores the urgent need for healthcare and mental health professionals to prioritize the psychological well-being of COVID-19 survivors through targeted strategies and resource allocation. By addressing these challenges, policymakers and practitioners can enhance the resilience and recovery of individuals affected by the pandemic’s psychological toll.","PeriodicalId":72714,"journal":{"name":"COVID","volume":"76 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141662928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0