Continence (Amsterdam, Netherlands)最新文献

{"title":"ICS teaching module on urodynamics for lower urinary tract symptoms in men","authors":"Sanjay Sinha ,&nbsp;Tufan Tarcan ,&nbsp;John Speich ,&nbsp;Mauricio Plata ,&nbsp;Enrico Finazzi-Agro ,&nbsp;Marcus Drake","doi":"10.1016/j.cont.2025.101758","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cont.2025.101758","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims:</h3><div>To present the body of evidence about the urodynamic assessment and diagnosis of male lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and to serve as a scientific background review and evidence base for the presentation available on the International Continence Society (ICS) website on Urodynamics in male LUTS.</div></div><div><h3>Methods:</h3><div>This teaching module was developed by the Urodynamics Committee of the ICS as a clinical practice tool. The module examines the indications, pre-test preparation, urodynamics technique, key findings, and interpretation, of urodynamics in adult men presenting with refractory voiding or storage LUTS. The module is based on evidence, clinical practice guidelines, existing ICS Standardization documents, and consensus formation by the members of the Working Group, and review by the members of the ICS Urodynamics and Standardization Steering Committees. The module is complemented by educational material on the ICS website.</div></div><div><h3>Results:</h3><div>Invasive urodynamics should be considered in select men before surgery to quantify obstruction and the detrusor voiding contraction, as well as identify relevant storage abnormalities that might impact therapeutic strategy or prognosis. Initial evaluation frames the urodynamics question, informs technique, stratifies risk of infection, and provides input for interpretation of results. Adherence to the ICS standard technique of urodynamics and quality control, with clear annotations on the tracings, are crucial. Analysis includes scrutiny of the traces, and calculation of the ICS-Bladder Outflow Obstruction Index and ICS-Detrusor Contraction Index. When indicated, video-urodynamics can be used to locate the site of obstruction.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion:</h3><div>Urodynamics is useful in select men with LUTS and is usually offered only when invasive therapies are being considered. Combining information from urodynamics with clinical data is recommended.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72702,"journal":{"name":"Continence (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 101758"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143726142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnosis and treatment of synthetic mid-urethral sling complications","authors":"Helen E. O’Connell ,&nbsp;Christopher K. Harding ,&nbsp;Gaurav Khatri ,&nbsp;Phyllis Glanc ,&nbsp;Eric Bautrant ,&nbsp;Sarah Love-Jones ,&nbsp;Karen Ward ,&nbsp;Henry H. Yao ,&nbsp;Ventia Hoe ,&nbsp;Charlotte Korte ,&nbsp;Nicolle Germano ,&nbsp;Sanjeevan Kalavampara ,&nbsp;Sherif Mourad ,&nbsp;Hashim Hashim","doi":"10.1016/j.cont.2025.101760","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cont.2025.101760","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Objective:</h3><div>Synthetic Mid-Urethral Slings (SMUS) have been widely used with benefit to many women. Complications arise in a small proportion, occurring acutely in the perioperative stage, post-operatively and in a delayed fashion many years after implantation. Clinical trials provide data on selected patients who are as homogeneous as possible. Real world studies rarely provide detail on the denominator population from which the sample originates. Mature clinical quality registries (CQR) provide long term data on a non selected population who have undergone a procedure for a given condition. Near complete case ascertainment is the goal and there are many examples in other clinical areas.</div><div>Due to the serious and potentially life changing nature of some of the complications that may arise following SMUS, health agencies instigated action on behalf of patients to promote improvements in care.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and Limitations:</h3><div>The International Continence Society (ICS) assembled a multidisciplinary working group to forge this guidance. The working group includes 2 consumer advocates and relevant medical expertise. The management of complications following SMUS placement is discussed and algorithms are provided for each of the common complications of SMUS. The recommendations are based on an expert consensus derived from experience and limited data from a multiple narrative and systematic reviews of the literature. Due to a retrospective design, low cohort numbers, short follow-up and inconsistent definitions, all the studies were at high risk of bias (Figure 1).</div></div><div><h3>Key Findings and Conclusions:</h3><div>This overview of SMUS complications commissioned by the ICS aims to provide background literature and algorithms for management of common problems that may present, though it is not exhaustive. Problems such as recurrent urine infection and overactive bladder may have their root cause in an obstructive SMUS. The temporal link between sling implantation and onset of symptoms is not always evident and patients are not always aware that an SMUS was implanted as part of a pelvic floor procedure. Clinicians need to be assiduous in their history taking and physical examination to determine the likely root cause using imaging or other tests judiciously. Multi-disciplinary teams (MDT) are required particularly where chronic pain has developed</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72702,"journal":{"name":"Continence (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 101760"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143715611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iltamiocel cell therapy in women with recurrent or persistent stress urinary incontinence: Evidence from two double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trials","authors":"Melissa R. Kaufman ,&nbsp;Kenneth M. Peters ,&nbsp;Christopher J. Chermansky ,&nbsp;Kevin D. Benson ,&nbsp;Sherry Thomas ,&nbsp;Le Mai Tu ,&nbsp;Jason B. Bennett ,&nbsp;Roger Dmochowski ,&nbsp;Michael H. Heit ,&nbsp;Lieschen H. Quiroz ,&nbsp;Michael J. Kennelly ,&nbsp;Una J. Lee ,&nbsp;Eric R. Sokol ,&nbsp;Emanuele Canestrari ,&nbsp;Ron J. Jankowski ,&nbsp;Michael B. Chancellor","doi":"10.1016/j.cont.2025.101759","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cont.2025.101759","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Rationale:</h3><div>Recurrent or persistent female stress urinary incontinence (SUI) following prior surgery represents an unmet medical need and a significant clinical challenge for physicians.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives:</h3><div>To report the integrated clinical experience from placebo-controlled studies of iltamiocel, an investigational autologous muscle cell therapy, in women with a history of prior SUI surgery.</div></div><div><h3>Findings:</h3><div>Results from two multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled studies of iltamiocel were pooled. Efficacy assessments were based on change from baseline to 12 months in number of SUI episodes, quality of life, and symptom severity. A total of 92 female participants, 61 iltamiocel and 31 placebo, were enrolled. At 12 months after injection, a significantly greater proportion of iltamiocel-treated participants achieved <span><math><mo>≥</mo></math></span>75% reduction in SUI episodes compared with placebo (44.3% vs 16.1%, p=0.007). This treatment response was maintained out to 24 months in 84.2% of iltamiocel participants. In addition, significant differences were observed at 12 months between iltamiocel and placebo responders for the Incontinence Impact Questionnaire-7 (-31.7 vs -15.2; p=0.038) and the Severity Index for Urinary Incontinence in Women (-2.8 vs -0.3; p=0.011). No serious adverse reactions related to iltamiocel were reported. Adverse events related to the treatment procedures were reported in 6 (9.8%) iltamiocel participants and 4 (16.1%) placebo participants.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions:</h3><div>Iltamiocel demonstrates significant and sustained efficacy in reducing SUI episodes and improving quality of life in women with recurrent or persistent SUI following prior surgical interventions. It offers a safe, effective and minimally invasive treatment option, addressing the need for robust management strategies in this challenging patient population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72702,"journal":{"name":"Continence (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 101759"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fundamentals of terminology in pelvic floor muscle assessment: A concise reference","authors":"Helena Frawley ,&nbsp;Beth Shelly ,&nbsp;Melanie Morin","doi":"10.1016/j.cont.2025.101756","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cont.2025.101756","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction:</h3><div>A comprehensive standardization of terminology document of the assessment of female and male pelvic floor muscle (PFM) function and dysfunction was published in 2021. A summary of this terminology document was required to provide an overview of the most commonly-used assessment methods and tools in clinical practice, for ease of use by clinicians in their everyday practice.</div></div><div><h3>Methods:</h3><div>This summary report contains commonly used terms for symptoms, signs, investigations and diagnoses related to PFM function and dysfunction, extracted from the full, comprehensive standardization of terminology document.</div></div><div><h3>Results:</h3><div>This summary report represents a concise document for clinicians in their assessment of PFM function and dysfunction, which may offer a quick reference for the busy clinician.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion:</h3><div>In alignment with the full standardization of terminology document, this summary document is not intended to be a recommendation of assessment methods and tools to use in clinical practice or research; rather it is intended to be a summary reference paper for standardized description and definition of assessment method and interpretation of finding when a particular term is used. Psychometric and clinimetric properties of these terms are eagerly awaited, in order to guide decisions in clinical practice and research of the preferred assessment method(s)/tool(s) to measure a particular PFM property.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72702,"journal":{"name":"Continence (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 101756"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence in Urodynamics (AI-UDS): The Next “Big Thing”","authors":"John E. Speich ,&nbsp;Adam P. Klausner","doi":"10.1016/j.cont.2025.101754","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cont.2025.101754","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72702,"journal":{"name":"Continence (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 101754"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143547897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bad orange nets? Abdominal mesh for genital prolapse highlighted","authors":"Steven E. Schraffordt Koops,&nbsp;Femke van Zanten","doi":"10.1016/j.cont.2025.101752","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cont.2025.101752","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72702,"journal":{"name":"Continence (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 101752"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143593413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prevalence of urinary incontinence in nulliparous and parous adult netball players","authors":"Naomi Gill ,&nbsp;Kuan-Yin Lin ,&nbsp;Eliza Whitford ,&nbsp;Sarah Jeffrey ,&nbsp;Helena Frawley","doi":"10.1016/j.cont.2025.101753","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cont.2025.101753","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction:</h3><div>Netball is a fast-paced high-impact sport, however the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) amongst netball players in unknown. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of UI within nulliparous and parous non-elite netball players.</div></div><div><h3>Methods:</h3><div>A cross-sectional survey study was conducted in a netball league in South Australia. Eligible participants were female netball players (<span><math><mo>≥</mo></math></span>18 years). A survey specific to symptoms of UI while playing netball was designed and piloted. The surveys were distributed during training sessions. The question “Do you ever leak urine while training or playing netball” was used to assess prevalence of UI while participating in netball. The Questionnaire for Urinary Incontinence Diagnosis (QUID) was used to assess UI in daily life. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test and logistic regression.</div></div><div><h3>Results:</h3><div>Response rate was 77% (176/229). Half (88/176) of the sample was parous, 46% (81/176) nulliparous. Prevalence of UI while participating in netball was 29% (51/176, 95%CI 22.8-36.1%) in the whole sample, 43% (38/88, 95%CI 33.3-53.6%) in the parous group and 14% (11/81,95%CI 7.8-22.7%) in the nulliparous group. Prevalence of UI in daily life was 61% (107/176, 95%CI 53.4-67.7%) in the whole sample. The mean QUID stress score was 1.8 and urge score was 2 in the whole sample, indicating low frequency of UI leaks during activities of daily living.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion:</h3><div>This study has identified a significant proportion of women playing netball at club level experience UI. Screening for UI within netball clubs may assist symptomatic women to receive early treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72702,"journal":{"name":"Continence (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 101753"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143437393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bladder outlet obstruction surgery in patients undergoing radiation therapy for prostate cancer: Adverse events, functional outcomes and quality of life — A scoping review","authors":"Casper Vrij ,&nbsp;John Heesakkers ,&nbsp;Evert Jan Van Limbergen ,&nbsp;Marc de Jong ,&nbsp;Ronald Bos ,&nbsp;Dennis Oerlemans ,&nbsp;Harman Maxim Bruins ,&nbsp;Nathalie Biemold ,&nbsp;Tom Marcellissen ,&nbsp;Kevin Rademakers ,&nbsp;Peter de Vries ,&nbsp;Elisabeth JM Driessen ,&nbsp;Frits van Osch ,&nbsp;Joep van Roermund ,&nbsp;Tom Hermans","doi":"10.1016/j.cont.2025.101747","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cont.2025.101747","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction:</h3><div>Lower urinary tract symptoms are common in patients with prostate cancer that undergo radiotherapy. Here, we summarize evidence concerning genitourinary toxicity, lower urinary tract function and quality of life in patients with bladder outlet obstruction prior- and post prostate radiation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods:</h3><div>Pubmed, Cochrane and Medline (OVID) were searched for relevant articles concerning genitourinary toxicity, lower urinary tract function and quality of life in patients with prior and post radiation undergoing desobstructive surgery. 529 articles were found, of which 29 were selected.</div></div><div><h3>Results:</h3><div>17 studies reported outcomes in patients undergoing desobstructive surgery before radiotherapy. For urinary adverse events data was inconclusive with some studies suggesting no difference in early or late toxicity (n <span><math><mo>=</mo></math></span> 4), while others suggested increased toxicity after desobstruction (n <span><math><mo>=</mo></math></span> 4). Studies serially assessing the international prostate symptom score did not find significant differences between baseline and last follow-up for patients with a history of prior transurethral resection of the prostate. 3 studies described favorable outcomes of neo-adjuvant desobstruction in patients undergoing brachytherapy. Although little data is available, bladder outlet obstruction surgery after radiotherapy is associated with high rates of toxicity (such as incontinence).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion:</h3><div>There is insufficient evidence to strongly suggest increased toxicity and/or diminished lower urinary tract function in patients receiving radiotherapy after desobstructive surgery. Furthermore, desobstruction after radiotherapy is unfavorable. Additional research is needed to assess whether neoadjuvant desobstruction is protective against genitourinary toxicity and lower urinary tract dysfunction after radiation therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72702,"journal":{"name":"Continence (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 101747"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143420305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High adherence to nocturnal-only frequency volume charts in diagnosing nocturia: A Pilot Study","authors":"Tasmia Promi ,&nbsp;Joel Thomas ,&nbsp;Gulzhan Tologonova ,&nbsp;Alana Kosches ,&nbsp;Thomas F. Monaghan ,&nbsp;Louis Salciccioli ,&nbsp;Marie-Claire Roberts ,&nbsp;Jeffrey P. Weiss ,&nbsp;Jason M. Lazar","doi":"10.1016/j.cont.2025.101745","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cont.2025.101745","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose:</h3><div>Quantitative assessment of urine output by means of a frequency volume chart (FVC) is a standard of care for the workup of nocturia but limited by suboptimal return rates and incomplete data entry. Nocturia, defined by the International Continence Society (ICS) as the need to wake at night to void, often necessitates comprehensive evaluation. While FVCs are typically maintained across the entire 24 h period, restricting urine collection to only the hours of intended sleep have been proposed as a patient-centered approach for increasing return rates. This study aimed to determine return rates for nocturnal-only FVCs and identify demographic or clinical factors affecting chart completion.</div></div><div><h3>Methods:</h3><div>Three prospective studies were conducted between 2021 and 2024 at a Brooklyn academic medical center. Study 1 investigated the relationship between nocturia and blood pressure (BP) elevation in adolescents. Study 2 evaluated fluid overload and its association with nocturia prevalence in adults. Study 3 investigated the relationship between nocturia and BP in adults. In each study, participants were provided containers and FVC sheets for nocturnal voiding documentation. Follow-up occurred via cellphone. Data included demographics, self-reported voids, and completed FVC information.</div></div><div><h3>Results:</h3><div>Among 349 patients, aged 10–103 years, the cumulative FVC return rate was 90.5% (95% CI 87.0%–93.4%). Age, gender, and race were similar among returners and non-returners. Non-returners, however, self-reported more voids, which may indicate differing behavioral or clinical characteristics. Among 316 patients who returned FVCs, 314 (99.4%) completed every required chart category (95% CI 97.7%–99.9%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions:</h3><div>Among three studies employing the use of nocturnal-only FVC return, there were high rates of FVC return and accurate completion. Although direct comparative data with 24 h FVCs were not assessed, the high adherence rates suggest nocturnal-only FVCs offer a patient-centered and effective alternative or complement for nocturia evaluation. Future studies comparing utility and return rates between nocturnal-only and 24 h FVCs may further elucidate their comparative effectiveness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72702,"journal":{"name":"Continence (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 101745"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143420332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound imaging measures of contraction characteristics of deep and superficial pelvic floor muscles differ during voluntary tasks","authors":"Rafeef Aljuraifani,&nbsp;Ryan E. Stafford,&nbsp;Paul W. Hodges","doi":"10.1016/j.cont.2025.101751","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cont.2025.101751","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><strong>Aim:</strong> Pelvic floor muscles (PFM) are arranged in deep and superficial layers, Although the superficial layer is commonly considered with respect to sexual function, preliminary evidence shows coordinated contraction of layers during voluntary and involuntary tasks that challenge continence and organ support. This study aimed to investigate contraction characteristics of deep and superficial PFM layers across a range of tasks using transperineal ultrasound imaging (US).</div></div><div><h3>Methods:</h3><div>Seventeen females without pelvic floor dysfunction participated. Displacement of pelvic floor landmarks produced by contraction of deep and superficial PFM was measured from US images recorded during: submaximal voluntary contractions (two different verbal instructions), maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), and a ramped Valsalva manoeuvre.</div></div><div><h3>Results:</h3><div>Times of onset and peak displacement of superficial PFM were earlier (0.29–0.36 s) than deep PFM during submaximal and MVC (P <span><math><mo>≤</mo></math></span> 0.01). Displacement amplitude was greater during MVC than submaximal tasks for deep (P <span><math><mo>&lt;</mo></math></span> 0.001) but not superficial (P <span><math><mo>&gt;</mo></math></span> 0.42) PFM. Shortening of deep PFM was sustained for longer (24.5(29.9) s longer; P <span><math><mo>&lt;</mo></math></span> 0.005) and with greater steadiness during the MVC. During the ramped Valsalva, superficial PFM lengthened for most participants, whereas deep PFM shortened. In this task, shortening (when present) was less than for MVC and submaximal contractions (P <span><math><mo>&lt;</mo></math></span> 0.05)</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions:</h3><div>Properties of contraction differed between deep and superficial PFM across tasks. In general, superficial PFM contracted rapidly but was poorly sustained, whereas deep PFM contracted slower but was maintained smoothly for long periods. These data of asymptomatic women provide a foundation to investigate contraction properties of these muscles in symptomatic populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72702,"journal":{"name":"Continence (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 101751"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143420333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}