Advances in Crop Science and Technology最新文献_第6页

Potential of Oats (Avena sativa) for Food Grain Production with its Special Feature of Soil Acidity Tolerance and Nutritional Quality in Central Highlands of Ethiopia 燕麦在埃塞俄比亚中部高地的粮食生产潜力及其土壤耐酸性和营养品质的特性

Advances in Crop Science and Technology Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2329-8863.1000376

Fekadu Mosissa, Biadge Kefala, Yadesa Abeshu

{"title":"Potential of Oats (Avena sativa) for Food Grain Production with its Special Feature of Soil Acidity Tolerance and Nutritional Quality in Central Highlands of Ethiopia","authors":"Fekadu Mosissa, Biadge Kefala, Yadesa Abeshu","doi":"10.4172/2329-8863.1000376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-8863.1000376","url":null,"abstract":"Oats remain an important crop in marginal ecologies, for grain as well as for feed. They are well adapted to a wide range of soil types and can perform better than other small-grain cereals on acid soils. Low soil pH and associated soil infertility problems are considered to be amongst the major challenges to acid sensitive crops production. This study demonstrated that grain type white seeded food oat variety 79 Ab 382 (Tx) 80 SA 94 is superior in grain yield performance on acidic soil in the multilocation trials across the testing environments. It has better agronomic performance and has showed a comparative yield advantage of 5.53% over the mean. Hence, it has been approved for release by the National Variety Release Committee. Therefore, cultivation of the new variety is recommended in highland acid prone areas of the country having similar climatic conditions with the testing sites. The oat variety 79Ab 382 (Tx) 80SA94 contain a high percentage of protein (16.0), fat (8.4) and ash (3.6) which have proved it highly nutritive in comparison to other cereals. Its high lipid content (8.4%) makes it different from other cereals. The mineral content of 79Ab 382 (Tx) 80 SA 94 oat variety was better than other cereals and its calcium content was (156.35 mg l-1). In preparation of injera; mixing ratio of 75% teff and 25% oat (treatment 4) showed an excellent over all acceptance with all injera quality parameters (i.e., texture, colour, odour, taste and eye distribution) at equal level with injera made from teff which is the stable food in the country. Since this underutilized food oat has a better nutritional value than those conventional small seeded cereal crops, it gave an insight to feed the ever-increasing population of the country and solve the demand of raw material for up-coming agro industries.","PeriodicalId":7255,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Crop Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78620007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Influence of Exogenous 6-Benzylaminopurine on Growth, Physiological Parameters, Proximate Content and Mineral Element Composition of Pot-Grown Solanecio biafrae 外源6-苄基氨基嘌呤对盆栽龙葵生长、生理参数、含量及矿质元素组成的影响

Advances in Crop Science and Technology Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2329-8863.1000398

J. Opabode, Iqmot B. Raji

{"title":"Influence of Exogenous 6-Benzylaminopurine on Growth, Physiological Parameters, Proximate Content and Mineral Element Composition of Pot-Grown Solanecio biafrae","authors":"J. Opabode, Iqmot B. Raji","doi":"10.4172/2329-8863.1000398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-8863.1000398","url":null,"abstract":"The influences of exogenous 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) on shoot emergence, growth, fresh shoot weight, physiological parameters, proximate and mineral element contents of green-stemmed morphotype of Solanecio biafrae at early stage were investigated. Stem-cuttings were sprayed with solution containing concentrations (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 or 100 mg L-1) of BAP a day after planting in plastic pots. Medium (60-70 mg L-1) BAP promoted highest number of shoot per stem-cutting, total number of leaves, total leaf area, shoot to root ratio, total soluble sugars, ash, carbohydrate, leaf Mg and Ca. Intermodal length, phenolic, crude fibre, leaf Na, P and Zn increased as BAP concentration increased. Shoot height, dry weight, chlorophylls a and b, total soluble protein, moisture, crude protein, fresh shoot weight and leaf Fe did not differ significantly (P>0.05) at medium to high (50-100 mg L-1) concentrations of BAP. The study concluded that 60 mg L-1 BAP is the best concentration as it promoted highest number of shoot per stem-cutting, total number of leaves, total leaf area, shoot height, dry weight, fresh shoot weight, shoot to root ratio, chlorophyll a and b, phenolics, total soluble sugars and proteins, crude protein, fat, ash and carbohydrate, leaf K, Mg and Ca.","PeriodicalId":7255,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Crop Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78018614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Seed Priming with Phytohormones to Improve Germination Under Dormant and Abiotic Stress Conditions 植物激素诱导种子在休眠和非生物胁迫条件下提高萌发率

Advances in Crop Science and Technology Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2329-8863.1000403

S. Muhie

引用次数: 21

Crop Interference Effects of Some Winter and Summer Field Crops on Egyptian Cotton Characters 部分冬、夏大田作物干扰对埃及棉性状的影响

Advances in Crop Science and Technology Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2329-8863.1000394

M. Lamlom, S. I. Abdel-Wahab, T. I. Abdel-Wahab, M. Ibrahim

引用次数: 8

Efforts Being Made and Success Achieved in Producing Improved Seed of Forage Cops in Ethiopia: Review Article 埃塞俄比亚饲草种苗改良生产的努力与成功:综述

Advances in Crop Science and Technology Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2329-8863.1000343

H. Fikre

{"title":"Efforts Being Made and Success Achieved in Producing Improved Seed of Forage Cops in Ethiopia: Review Article","authors":"H. Fikre","doi":"10.4172/2329-8863.1000343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-8863.1000343","url":null,"abstract":"Ethiopia stands first in Africa and tenth in the world in its livestock population. In order to attain sustainable production and productivity of the wealth livestock, improved forage production in quality and quantity is highly important. Improved forage production is largely depending on the improved seed production system. To this end, the current review is aimed to summarize the comprehensive information on the potential efforts being made and achievements so far on the improved forage seed production in the country. So far different approaches have been applied to meet the need of improved forage seed production in the country. Among these involving different public institutes, seed producing enterprises, privet sectors, NGOs’ and “farmers” groups are the major one and produced a large amount of forage seed through different seed system. Besides, development of improved varieties and different agronomic practice, capacity building in seed technology and indigenous “germplasms” collection for variety development are also the effort that under took and significantly enhanced the improved forage seed production. Despite these major efforts and achievements, years of work have showed that forage seed production still faced with many problems such as lack of inadequate forage seed research, reliable forage seed production, processing and distribution schemes, less involvement of privet seed producers, lack of information on the national demand for forage seeds, poorly developed seed marketing systems, and lack of financial incentives for seed prices. Therefore, these problems need to intervene properly in order to enhance future improved forage seed production in the country.","PeriodicalId":7255,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Crop Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86589843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Integration Effects of Herbicide and Hand Weeding on Grain Yield of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) in Assosa, Western Ethiopia 除草剂与手除草对大豆籽粒产量的综合影响在埃塞俄比亚西部的阿索萨

Advances in Crop Science and Technology Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2329-8863.1000400

Assefa Gidesa, Minayahil Kebede

引用次数: 3

Screening for Resistance Sources in Local and Exotic Hot Pepper Genotypes to Fusarium Wilt ( Fusarium oxysporium ) and Associated Quality Traits in Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚本地和外来辣椒基因型对枯萎病的抗性来源筛选及相关品质性状

Advances in Crop Science and Technology Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2329-8863.1000367

S. Aklilu, G. Ayana, B. Abebie, T. Abdissa

{"title":"Screening for Resistance Sources in Local and Exotic Hot Pepper Genotypes to Fusarium Wilt ( Fusarium oxysporium ) and Associated Quality Traits in Ethiopia","authors":"S. Aklilu, G. Ayana, B. Abebie, T. Abdissa","doi":"10.4172/2329-8863.1000367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-8863.1000367","url":null,"abstract":"Fifty-four hot pepper germplasm (49 local accessions and 5 AVRDC genotypes) were evaluated for resistance to fusarium wilt in a greenhouse at Melkassa Agricultural Research Centre in Ethiopia. A completely randomized design with three replications was used. Each local accession was also analyzed for associated quality traits of capsaicin and oleoresin content. The overall results indicated that disease incidence ranged from 8 (PBC-731) to 100% for Acc-15. Most local collections exhibited higher disease incidences percent than AVRDC genotypes with an overall mean DI 60%. Based on severity rating (1-5 scale), two accessions (Acc-39 and PBC-731) were highly resistant to wilt with severity ratings of 1 and 14 accessions were found resistant with severity rating scale of 2 whereas 38 accessions were susceptible with severity scale of >3. Capsaicin content percentage ranged from 0.16-0.55%, and heat unit ranged 26372 to 88775 SHU, for Acc-32 and Acc-24, respectively. Oleoresin content in international color unit and ASTA value ranged from 32,800 to 118,840 cu and 82-296 ASTA with an overall mean of 69,704 ICU and 172 ASTA value. The highest color quality colors of greater than 250 ASTA was exhibited by 10 accessions (Acc-4, Acc-5, Acc-6, Acc-7, Acc-24, Acc-27, Acc-33, Acc-34, Acc-39 and Acc-31). This study identified resistance accessions with desirable qualities among the 49 local accessions. These materials also had good wilt resistance potential and could be used as source parents in the future hybridization and for simultaneous selection for Fusarium wilt resistance and high processing quality traits in hot pepper improvement program.","PeriodicalId":7255,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Crop Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89320369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Effects of Green Manure (Hairy Vetch) Management Ways on Corn Growth and Grain Yield 绿肥管理方式对玉米生长和产量的影响

Advances in Crop Science and Technology Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2329-8863.1000380

M. Sharifi

{"title":"Effects of Green Manure (Hairy Vetch) Management Ways on Corn Growth and Grain Yield","authors":"M. Sharifi","doi":"10.4172/2329-8863.1000380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-8863.1000380","url":null,"abstract":"Corn is one of the three major cereals and the output has followed that wheat through the word. Especially in developing countries, corn grain is quite important as a food. Although corn production has been rapidly increased by the breeding, there are many cases in which the yield is low because of insufficient use of fertilizes in these countries, under such background, the practice of a crop rotation including leguminous green manure crop seems to be desirable. In this study nitrogen supplying capacity form hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth. HV) to corn was examined. The experiment was carried out from 2017-2018 at the Research Farm of Faculty of Agriculture Kabul University, Kabul Afghanistan. Four treatments; incorporation of HV residue (B), mulching of HV residue on the inter-rows of corn (C), chemical fertilizer (D), and control (A), were set with three replications. 180 Mohammad Zarif Sharifi, Mohammad Shoaib Ahmadi, Zabihullah Jalali Incorporation of HV residue may be able to supply inorganic nitrogen of 130 ͠ 150 kg N ha -1 to the succeeding corn, since it was reported that 40 ͠ 50 % of HV nitrogen was mineralized in soil within 3 months after the incorporation. Above-ground dry matter (AGB) of the corn has always reached at 20 mg even in control, which was due to rather high soil fertility of the field, but it become significantly higher in both HV treatments, B and C, after the silky stage corresponding to the D plot. It was estimated that HV residue could supply 40% of nitrogen demand by corn. These results designate that the nitrogen balance for corn production well be drastically improved by using HV cultivation in winter season.","PeriodicalId":7255,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Crop Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88494774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Growth and Yield of Food Barley ( Hordeum vulgare ) Variety in Toke Kutaye District, West Showa Zone, Ethiopia 综合营养管理对埃塞俄比亚西昭和Toke Kutaye地区食用大麦生长和产量的影响

Advances in Crop Science and Technology Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2329-8863.1000365

Tariku Beyene Dinka, Tolera Abera Goshu, Ermiyias Habte Haile

{"title":"Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Growth and Yield of Food Barley ( Hordeum vulgare ) Variety in Toke Kutaye District, West Showa Zone, Ethiopia","authors":"Tariku Beyene Dinka, Tolera Abera Goshu, Ermiyias Habte Haile","doi":"10.4172/2329-8863.1000365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-8863.1000365","url":null,"abstract":"Declining soil fertility is one of the major problems causing yield reduction of food barley in West Showa. Therefore, considering this in view field experiment was carried out to determine the combined effects of farm yard manure (FYM) and inorganic NPS on growth, yield and yield components of food barley at Toke Kutaye District. The experiment was laid in randomized complete block design with four replications. Generally, analysis of variance showed significant difference among treatments for most of traits recorded. Markedly, application of 12 t FYM ha-1 combined with NPS (33.4:66.6% NPS:FYM) gave higher number of tillers from 0.25 m-2 was 270 effective tiller and 13 effective tiller plant-1) gave the respective. The higher plant height (90 cm) was obtained from the application 75:25% NPS:FYM. Higher panicle length, panicle weight and total kernel weight of barley were recorded with application 50:50% NPS:FYM. The higher grain and biomass yield (6496 and 15917 kg ha-1) of barley were harvested from 66.6:33.4% NPS:FYM at Dada Galan kebele; in Toke Kutaye District. Application of 66.6:33.4% NPS:FYM gave optimum yield and economic return and recommended for barley production in this area and similar agro-ecologies.","PeriodicalId":7255,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Crop Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91061555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

Influence of Seed Rate and Row Spacing on Growth and Yield of Tef ( Eragrostis tef) Production at Assosa, Benishangul-Gumuz Regional State, Western Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚西部Benishangul-Gumuz地区Assosa地区种率和行距对Tef生长和产量的影响

Advances in Crop Science and Technology Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2329-8863.1000335

G. Dereje, Tigist Adisu, Adise Dimberu

引用次数: 9