Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.)最新文献

{"title":"Solvent Exposure, Genetic Susceptibility, and Risk of Bladder Cancer.","authors":"Deborah A Tadesse, Nathaniel Rothman, Shuai Xie, Lauren M Hurwitz, Melissa C Friesen, Dalsu Baris, Molly Schwenn, Alison Johnson, Margaret R Karagas, Debra T Silverman, Stella Koutros","doi":"10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-24-0434","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-24-0434","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The New England Bladder Cancer Study has recently reported an increased bladder cancer risk with occupational exposure to mononuclear aromatic organic solvents, including exposure to benzene, toluene, and xylene and their combination BTX. However, the mechanisms by which BTX influence bladder cancer are unclear. In this study, we evaluated the interaction between BTX and genetic markers in known bladder cancer susceptibility loci and in variants shown to impact the metabolism of these solvents. We used multivariate logistic regression to calculate the ORs, 95% confidence intervals, and P values for multiplicative interaction in 1,182 cases and 1,408 controls from a population-based case-control study from New England. Lifetime occupational exposure to benzene, toluene, xylene, and BTX were assessed using occupational histories and exposure-oriented modules in conjunction with a job-exposure matrix. Buccal cells from mouthwash samples were used to conduct genotyping. Subjects with the highest cumulative exposure to benzene and who carried a risk allele in rs72826305 (CASC15) had an increased risk of bladder cancer (OR = 2.56, 95% confidence interval, 1.28-5.12) compared with those never exposed with no risk alleles (P interaction = 0.03). Additional suggestive joint effects with benzene were evident for those carrying genetic risk variants in FGFR3 (P value = 0.01) and GSTT1 (P interaction = 0.007). Bladder cancer risk is higher among those exposed to BTX-containing solvents who also harbor common variants in CASC15, FGFR3, and GSTT1, adding to the evidence of a plausible link between these exposures and bladder cancer risk. Prevention Relevance: Our findings suggest that bladder cancer risk is higher among those exposed to BTX-containing solvents who also harbor common genetic polymorphisms associated with bladder cancer. The joint contribution of genetics and occupational exposures may play an important role in the etiology of bladder cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":72514,"journal":{"name":"Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.)","volume":" ","pages":"283-290"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12045719/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143494939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastric Cancer Origins: Stem Cells, Metaplasia, and Environmental Interactions.","authors":"Hiroto Kinoshita, Guodong Lian, Yoku Hayakawa","doi":"10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-25-0072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-25-0072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study by Morris and colleagues provides new insights into gastric cancer development, challenging the traditional Correa cascade model. Their findings show that cigarette smoke exposure accelerates dysplasia formation while reducing Helicobacter pylori-associated inflammation and metaplasia. This suggests that dysplasia may arise from tissue-resident stem cells rather than metaplastic cells. The study also supports the idea that metaplasia may play a protective role in maintaining epithelial integrity under chronic stress. These findings contribute to a better understanding of how environmental factors influence gastric carcinogenesis and may help refine approaches to prevention and treatment. See related article by Morris et al., p. 271.</p>","PeriodicalId":72514,"journal":{"name":"Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.)","volume":"18 5","pages":"257-259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144045623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Resolution Anoscopy Referral Rates Adopting Different Anal Cancer Screening Strategies for Men Who Have Sex with Men.","authors":"Maria Benevolo, Massimo Giuliani, Paolo Giorgi Rossi, Francesca Rollo, Eugenia Giuliani, Christof Stingone, Laura Gianserra, Mauro Zaccarelli, Alessandra Latini, Maria Gabriella Donà","doi":"10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-24-0435","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-24-0435","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The International Anal Neoplasia Society (IANS) has generated recommendations for anal cancer screening, identifying men who have sex with men (MSM) living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV; MSM-LWH) ≥35 years and MSM not living with HIV (MSM-noHIV) ≥45 years as groups to prioritize. As high-resolution anoscopy (HRA) availability is still limited across Europe, a retrospective study was conducted to estimate the potential HRA referral rates of the Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI)/HIV center of a European capital city using IANS-recommended strategies. The study included participants in a program for the surveillance of anal intraepithelial neoplasia and anal human papillomavirus (HPV) natural history. MSM-LWH ≥35 years and MSM-noHIV ≥45 years with valid results for liquid-based anal cytology and HPV test at baseline were included. The following strategies were evaluated: cytology as a standalone test or with high-risk HPV (hrHPV) triage; hrHPV (with/without HPV16 genotyping) as a standalone test or with cytology triage; and cotesting with cytology and hrHPV (with/without HPV16 genotyping). Overall, 307 MSM were included (244 LWH, 79.5%). hrHPV as a standalone test led to the highest referral rate in both MSM-LWH and MSM-noHIV (74.6% and 55.6%, respectively). Cytology with hrHPV triage (without genotyping) and hrHPV with cytology triage resulted in the same referral rates (44.3% in MSM-LWH and 27.0% in MSM-noHIV). In settings with insufficient HRA capacity, only high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) or atypical squamous cells-cannot exclude HSIL (4.9% and 9.5% for MSM-LWH and MSM-noHIV, respectively) and HPV16+ MSM (27.0% and 20.6%, respectively) would be referred to HRA. Adoption of IANS recommendations should balance the sensitivity of the screening algorithm and the HRA referral rate because the latter is a matter of concern in settings with limited HRA capacity. Prevention Relevance: Adopting the recent IANS recommendations for anal cancer screening in MSM may be challenging when HRA availability is limited. Estimating the HRA referral rates we would have using 12 different screening algorithms, we highlighted that application of these recommendations implies a careful analysis of the local resource capacity.</p>","PeriodicalId":72514,"journal":{"name":"Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.)","volume":" ","pages":"291-298"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143400813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Racial Health Disparity and Risk of Multiple Myeloma: Implications for Energy Balance Interventions.","authors":"Amber J Normann, Rebekah L Wilson, Ellaney Matarese, Chuan Lu, Brett P Ranieri, John R Gardiner, Catherine R Marinac, Christina M Dieli-Conwright","doi":"10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-24-0199","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-24-0199","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Established risk factors for multiple myeloma, including obesity and sedentary lifestyles, are associated with well-known racial/ethnic disparities in disease risk. This review examines established risk determinants for multiple myeloma in Black adults, summarizes evidence linking lifestyle factors, including obesity, physical inactivity, and diet, to disease risk, and discusses energy balance interventions, including cultural tailoring, to mitigate multiple myeloma risk. We summarize current evidence for racial/ethnic disparities in risk factors for multiple myeloma, including unmodifiable heritable factors, modifiable contributors to obesity, including diet and physical activity, and barriers to meeting physical activity and healthful diet guidelines. With this evidence, we present considerations to research lifestyle interventions directed toward risk factors for multiple myeloma. Current foundational scientific evidence in energy balance interventions for cancer risk management is primarily supported in non-Hispanic White populations. Evidence for preventative exercise, diet, or lifestyle interventions for multiple myeloma among underrepresented populations is scarce. Research considerations are proposed to provide strategies utilizing community engagement, primary care education, and importantly, availability of exercise and dietary resources. The importance of tailoring exercise and dietary interventions is also underscored, in addition to generating clinical trial-based evidence to be equitable and beneficial for all populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":72514,"journal":{"name":"Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.)","volume":"18 5","pages":"261-269"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12329819/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144059322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential Effects of High-Fiber and Low-Fiber Diets on Antitumor Immunity and Colon Tumor Progression in a Murine Model.","authors":"Kevin E Goggin, SeonYeong Jamie Seo, Benjamin G Wu, Sinisa Ivelja, Matthias C Kugler, Miao Chang, Fares Darawshy, Yonghua Li, Cecilia J Chung, Yaa Kyeremateng, Jun-Chieh J Tsay, Shivani Singh, Daniel H Sterman, Leopoldo N Segal, Nejat K Egilmez, Qingsheng Li","doi":"10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-24-0159","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-24-0159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The role of dietary fiber in colon cancer prevention remains controversial. We investigated its impact on antitumor immunity and the gut microbiota in APCmin/+ mice infected with enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis. Mice were fed high-fiber, low-fiber, or chow diets, and the tumor burden, survival, cytokines, microbiota, and metabolites were analyzed. Contrary to the belief that high fiber inhibits tumor progression, it had no significant impact compared with chow diet. However, the low-fiber diet significantly reduced the tumor burden and improved survival. Mechanistically, high fiber increased proinflammatory cytokines and CD4+Foxp3+RORγt+IL-17A+ regulatory T cells, whereas low fiber enhanced anti-inflammatory cytokines and cytotoxic T cells. High fiber enriched microbial taxa associated with IL-17A+RORγt+ regulatory T cells and altered metabolites, including reduced tryptophan and increased short-chain fatty acids and bile acids. Low fiber produced opposite effects. These findings suggest that dietary fiber's effects on colon cancer depends on microbial infection and immune status, emphasizing the need for personalized dietary interventions in colon cancer management. Prevention Relevance: Dietary fiber's impact on colon cancer progression highlights the need for personalized dietary approaches, considering microbial infection and immune status.</p>","PeriodicalId":72514,"journal":{"name":"Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.)","volume":" ","pages":"223-234"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12053542/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143257467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editors' Selections from Relevant Scientific Publications.","authors":"","doi":"10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-18-4-HFL","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-18-4-HFL","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72514,"journal":{"name":"Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.)","volume":"18 4","pages":"177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144061339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Evaluation of an Automated Multimodal Mobile Detection of Oral Cancer Imaging System to Aid in Risk-Based Management of Oral Mucosal Lesions.","authors":"Ruchika Mitbander, David Brenes, Jackson B Coole, Alex Kortum, Imran S Vohra, Jennifer Carns, Richard A Schwarz, Ida Varghese, Safia Durab, Sean Anderson, Nancy E Bass, Ashlee D Clayton, Hawraa Badaoui, Loganayaki Anandasivam, Rachel A Giese, Ann M Gillenwater, Nadarajah Vigneswaran, Rebecca Richards-Kortum","doi":"10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-24-0253","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-24-0253","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oral cancer is a major global health problem. It is commonly diagnosed at an advanced stage, although often preceded by clinically visible oral mucosal lesions, termed oral potentially malignant disorders, which are associated with an increased risk of oral cancer development. There is an unmet clinical need for effective screening tools to assist front-line healthcare providers to determine which patients should be referred to an oral cancer specialist for evaluation. This study reports the development and evaluation of the mobile detection of oral cancer (mDOC) imaging system and an automated algorithm that generates a referral recommendation from mDOC images. mDOC is a smartphone-based autofluorescence and white light imaging tool that captures images of the oral cavity. Data were collected using mDOC from a total of 332 oral sites in a study of 29 healthy volunteers and 120 patients seeking care for an oral mucosal lesion. A multimodal image classification algorithm was developed to generate a recommendation of \"refer\" or \"do not refer\" from mDOC images using expert clinical referral decision as the ground truth label. A referral algorithm was developed using cross-validation methods on 80% of the dataset and then retrained and evaluated on a separate holdout test set. Referral decisions generated in the holdout test set had a sensitivity of 93.9% and a specificity of 79.3% with respect to expert clinical referral decisions. The mDOC system has the potential to be utilized in community physicians' and dentists' offices to help identify patients who need further evaluation by an oral cancer specialist. Prevention Relevance: Our research focuses on improving the early detection of oral precancers/cancers in primary dental care settings with a novel mobile platform that can be used by front-line providers to aid in assessing whether a patient has an oral mucosal condition that requires further follow-up with an oral cancer specialist.</p>","PeriodicalId":72514,"journal":{"name":"Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.)","volume":" ","pages":"197-207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11959271/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143015745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reproductive and Hormonal Factors and Thyroid Cancer Risk: Pooled Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies in the Asia Cohort Consortium.","authors":"Sayada Zartasha Kazmi, Aesun Shin, Sarah K Abe, Md Rashedul Islam, Md Shafiur Rahman, Eiko Saito, Sooyoung Cho, Ryoko Katagiri, Melissa A Merritt, Ji-Yeob Choi, Xiao-Ou Shu, Norie Sawada, Akiko Tamakoshi, Ritsu Sakata, Atsushi Hozawa, Seiki Kanemura, Jeongseon Kim, Yumi Sugawara, Sue K Park, Hui Cai, Shoichiro Tsugane, Takashi Kimura, Habibul Ahsan, Paolo Boffetta, Kee Seng Chia, Keitaro Matsuo, You-Lin Qiao, Nathaniel Rothman, Wei Zheng, Manami Inoue, Daehee Kang","doi":"10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-24-0330","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-24-0330","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Given the female predominance of thyroid cancer, particularly in the reproductive age range, female sex hormones have been proposed as an etiology; however, previous epidemiological studies have shown conflicting results. We conducted a pooled analysis using individual data from nine prospective cohorts in the Asia Cohort Consortium to explore the association between 10 female reproductive and hormonal factors and thyroid cancer risk. Using Cox proportional hazards models, cohort-specific hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated and then pooled using a random-effects model. Analyses were stratified by country, birth years, smoking status, and body mass index, and thyroid cancer risk based on age of diagnosis was also examined. Among 259,649 women followed up for a mean of 17.2 years, 1,353 incident thyroid cancer cases were identified, with 88% (n = 1,140) being papillary thyroid cancer. Older age at first delivery (≥26 vs. 21-25 years) was associated with increased thyroid cancer risk (P-trend = 0.003; HR = 1.16; 95% CI, 1.03-1.31), particularly when diagnosed later in life (≥55 vs. < 55 years; P-trend = 0.003; HR = 1.19; 95% CI, 1.02-1.39). Among younger birth cohorts, women with more number of deliveries showed an increased thyroid cancer risk [P-trend = 0.0001, HR = 2.40; 95% CI, 1.12-5.18 (≥5 vs. 1-2 children)], and there was no substantial trend in older cohorts. Distinct patterns were observed for the number of deliveries and thyroid cancer risk across countries, with a significant positive association for Korea [P-trend = 0.0008, HR = 1.89; 95% CI, 1.21-2.94 (≥5 vs. 1-2 children)] and nonsignificant inverse associations for China and Japan. Contextual and macrosocial changes in reproductive factors in Asian countries may influence thyroid cancer risk. Prevention Relevance: This analysis of prospective cohort studies across three Asian countries highlights that older age at first birth is linked to increased thyroid cancer risk. As women delay motherhood, understanding these trends is vital for public health strategies addressing reproductive factors influencing thyroid cancer risk in these populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":72514,"journal":{"name":"Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.)","volume":" ","pages":"209-221"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11961320/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143026077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediagnostic Plasma Metabolites Are Associated with Incident Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Prospective Analysis.","authors":"Robert M Wilechansky, Prasanna K Challa, Xijing Han, Xinwei Hua, Alisa K Manning, Kathleen E Corey, Raymond T Chung, Wei Zheng, Andrew T Chan, Tracey G Simon","doi":"10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-24-0440","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-24-0440","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite increasing incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in vulnerable populations, accurate early detection tools are lacking. We aimed to investigate the associations between prediagnostic plasma metabolites and incident HCC in a diverse population. In a prospective, nested case-control study within the Southern Community Cohort Study, we conducted prediagnostic LC/MS metabolomic profiling in 150 incident HCC cases (median time to diagnosis, 7.9 years) and 100 controls with cirrhosis. Logistic regression assessed metabolite associations with HCC risk. Metabolite set enrichment analysis identified enriched pathways, and a random forest classifier was used for risk classification models. Candidate metabolites were validated in the UK Biobank (N = 12 incident HCC cases and 24 cirrhosis controls). In logistic regression analysis, seven metabolites were associated with incident HCC (MeffP < 0.0004), including N-acetylmethionine (OR = 0.46; 95% confidence interval, 0.31-0.66). Multiple pathways were enriched in HCC, including histidine and CoA metabolism (FDR P < 0.001). The random forest classifier identified 10 metabolites for inclusion in HCC risk classification models, which improved HCC risk classification compared with clinical covariates alone (AUC = 0.66 for covariates vs. 0.88 for 10 metabolites plus covariates; P < 0.0001). Findings were consistent in the UK Biobank (AUC = 0.72 for covariates vs. 0.88 for four analogous metabolites plus covariates; P = 0.04), assessed via nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Prediagnostic metabolites, primarily amino acid and sphingolipid derivatives, are associated with HCC risk and improve HCC risk classification beyond clinical covariates. These metabolite profiles, detectable years before diagnosis, could serve as early biomarkers for HCC detection and risk stratification if validated in larger studies. Prevention Relevance: Our findings support the need for larger prospective studies examining the role of prediagnostic plasma metabolomics for the preventive management of HCC in diverse patients across multiple etiologies of liver disease. This approach could improve HCC care by identifying metabolic changes years before diagnosis, potentially enhancing screening and early detection practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":72514,"journal":{"name":"Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.)","volume":" ","pages":"179-188"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11985065/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143366915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human Papillomavirus Type 16 E6 Seroprevalence among Men Living with HIV without HPV-Driven Malignancies.","authors":"Ashley J Duff, Christopher O Otieno, Li Chen, Kyle Mannion, Michael C Topf, Birgitta E Michels, Julia Butt, Beverly O Woodward, Morgan C Lima, Husamettin Erdem, Michael A Leonard, Megan M Turner, Tim Waterboer, Staci L Sudenga, Krystle A Lang Kuhs","doi":"10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-24-0420","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-24-0420","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Individuals living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are at a higher risk for developing human papillomavirus-driven oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPV + OPSCC). There are no methods for early detection; however, HPV16 E6 antibodies have been identified as a promising early marker. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of HPV16 E6 antibodies among men living with HIV, with secondary objectives of analyzing clinical and serologic predictors of HPV16 E6 seropositivity. Banked blood specimens from 2,320 men ages ≥40 years living with HIV in Tennessee were evaluated for the following HPV16 antibodies: L1, E1, E2, E4, E6, and E7. HPV16 E6 antibody levels were further categorized as moderate or high. Demographic, clinical, and serologic determinants of HPV16 E6 seropositivity were evaluated using logistic regression. HPV16 L1 antibodies were most common (22.8%), followed by E4 (10.5%), E6 (5.6%), E2 (4.8%), and E7 (4.0%). Of the 130 HPV16 E6 seropositives, 55 (2.4%) had moderate and 75 (3.2%) had high seropositivity. HPV16 E6 seropositive men had nearly twofold greater odds of seropositivity against one additional HPV16 E antigen [OR: 1.67 (95% CI, 1.10-2.52); P = 0.015] and more than threefold greater odds of seroreactivity against two additional HPV16 E antigens [OR: 3.21 (95% CI, 1.40-7.33); P = 0.006]. HPV16 E6 seropositivity was not associated with the clinical or demographic factors evaluated. In the largest study to date, HPV16 E6 seroprevalence was elevated compared with prior studies in HIV populations (range: 1.1%-3.2%) and likely reflects the high incidence of HPV + OPSCC in the Southeast region of the United States. Prevention Relevance: Our findings fill an important gap, given that our study is the largest to date to evaluate HPV antibodies among men living with HIV and is the first study to do so in the Southeastern United States, the region with the highest prevalence of both HIV and HPV + OPSCC in the nation.</p>","PeriodicalId":72514,"journal":{"name":"Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.)","volume":" ","pages":"189-195"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11961317/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143191301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}