Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference最新文献

{"title":"Developing an Endometrium-on-a-Chip Model to Explore Biological Mechanisms in the Peri-implantation Period of Pregnancy.","authors":"Delanyo Kpeglo, Parisa Noohi, Haidee Tinning, Samantha Gardner, Niamh Forde, Virginia Pensabene","doi":"10.1109/EMBC58623.2025.11252984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC58623.2025.11252984","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The peri-implantation period of pregnancy in mammals is a critical stage for successful embryo implantation and offspring health. Significant molecular and biophysical interactions occur between the mother (uterine endometrium) and the embryo during this time. However, the underlying biological mechanisms contributing to pregnancy success, loss, or repercussions for offspring health remain unclear. Organ-ona-chip technology facilitates in vitro models of physiological cell and tissue environments in 3D, accurately replicating the behaviour of cells and tissues with appropriate flow conditions as observed in vivo. This study presents microfluidic devices designed to create an endometrium-on-a-chip to investigate mechanisms involved in successful pregnancy during the peri-implantation period. We assessed the channels' appropriate flow rate conditions, the devices' suitability for cell culture, and a suitable culture medium to maintain different endometrial cell types together in the devices. An in vivo culture model that recapitulates the complexities of the endometrial tissue will support effective studies and enhance our understanding of the mechanisms underpinning endometrial function in the peri-implantation period.Clinical Relevance- This allows for an in vitro culture model that mimics the biology of the endometrium, enabling high-throughput testing of mechanisms to deepen our understanding of reproductive biology.</p>","PeriodicalId":72237,"journal":{"name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","volume":"2025 ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145671669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep Learning-Based Cardiac Output Estimation Using Multimodal Physiological Signals.","authors":"Jaganathan G, Aravind A Anil, P M Nabeel, Jayaraj Joseph","doi":"10.1109/EMBC58623.2025.11253561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC58623.2025.11253561","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiac output (CO) is one of the most significant physiological parameters for cardiovascular monitoring. The gold standard for CO estimation, thermodilution, requires invasive catheterization, limiting its frequent use. Non-invasive methods exist but often lack accuracy. In this study, we applied deep learning to estimate CO based on different input signals including arterial pressure (ART), electrocardiography (ECG), photoplethysmography (PPG), and their combinations. Using publicly available VitalDB database, models were trained and evaluated according to different signals. Performance was measured using mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE), bias, and limits of agreement (LOA). Of all combinations tested, the triadic model of ART, ECG, and PPG yielded the best performance in MAE (0.66 L/min) and stronger correlation (R = 0.84) with reference CO values. The present study indicates the promise of deep learning for accurate noninvasive estimation of CO. Future research should emphasize the interpretability of the model, scaling up datasets, and facilitating real time applications for increased clinical utility.</p>","PeriodicalId":72237,"journal":{"name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","volume":"2025 ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145671691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a Bipolar Nozzle for Disinfection in Periodontology with Plasma Jets.","authors":"Ana Carolina Goncalves Seabra, Elena Haydl, Markus Jorg Altenburger, Michael Bergmann, Loic Ledernez, Thomas Stieglitz","doi":"10.1109/EMBC58623.2025.11252762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC58623.2025.11252762","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of the root surface caused by bacterial biofilms, leading to tooth loss and systemic health complications. Current treatment options rely on mechanical biofilm removal and chemical antimicrobial cleansing, which can be ineffective and contribute to tissue damage and bacterial resistance. Cold atmospheric plasma jet is a promising alternative due to its antimicrobial effects, lack of resistance development, and without known side effects. This study investigates the development and efficacy of a bipolar plasma nozzle designed for use on non-conductive surfaces, such as natural teeth. A proof-of-concept experiment was performed using a prototype plasma system (helium + 1 % oxygen used as working gas), with in vitro tests on bacterial agar plates of E. coli and S. aureus. The results demonstrate that plasma treatment effectively reduces bacterial concentration, with inhibition zones increasing with treatment duration, reaching two orders of magnitude reduction at 10 minutes of treatment. These findings support the potential of plasma technology as a novel method for periodontal disinfection, making way for further clinical applications.Clinical Relevance- This work provides proof-of-concept for the disinfection and treatment of inflamed surfaces in periodontology using a novel cold atmospheric plasma jet device.</p>","PeriodicalId":72237,"journal":{"name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","volume":"2025 ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145671692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fine-Tuning Foundation Models with Federated Learning for Privacy Preserving Medical Time Series Forecasting.","authors":"Mahad Ali, Curtis Lisle, Patrick W Moore, Tammer Barkouki, Brian J Kirkwood, Laura J Brattain","doi":"10.1109/EMBC58623.2025.11254049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC58623.2025.11254049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Federated Learning (FL) provides a decentralized machine learning approach, where multiple devices or servers collaboratively train a model without sharing their raw data, thus enabling data privacy. This approach has gained significant interest in academia and industry due to its privacy-preserving properties, which are particularly valuable in the medical domain where data availability is often protected under strict regulations. A relatively unexplored area is applying FL to fine-tune Foundation Models (FMs) for time series forecasting, enhancing efficacy while preserving privacy. In this paper, we fine-tuned time series FMs with Electrocardiogram (ECG) and Impedance Cardiography (ICG) data using different FL techniques. We then examined various scenarios and discussed the challenges FL faces under different data heterogeneity configurations. Our empirical results demonstrated that while FL can be effective for fine-tuning FMs on time series forecasting tasks, its benefits depend on the data distribution across clients. We highlighted the trade-offs in applying FL to FM fine-tuning.</p>","PeriodicalId":72237,"journal":{"name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","volume":"2025 ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145671713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Deep Learning in Electrodermal Activity Recording for Continuous Detection of Pain Intensity Level.","authors":"Javier O Pinzon-Arenas, Youngsun Kong, Wendy A Henderson, Xiaomei Cong, Ming-Hui Chen, Bin Feng, Hugo F Posada-Quintero","doi":"10.1109/EMBC58623.2025.11254524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC58623.2025.11254524","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective pain intensity assessment is critical to providing effective opioid-based treatment to suppress pain while preventing the development of addiction and tolerance. Previous studies have demonstrated the potential of electrodermal activity (EDA) for objective pain intensity detection using machine learning, but it is limited by intermittent detection (not continuous). In the present study, we implemented five parallel hybrid convolutional-long short-term memory (CNN-LSTM) models and assessed their respective efficacies in continuous pain intensity detection using EDA. Multiple EDA features, including phasic components and time-varying index of sympathetic activity, were analyzed. Among the five models, the parallel 1-dimentional CNN with a stacked bi- and unidirectional LSTM demonstrated the best performance in detecting four different pain intensity levels with an M-RMSE of 0.925 and an R-squared score of 0.498. The robustness of the model was tested with 37 independent subjects from the BioVid Heat Pain Dataset, achieving an M-RMSE of 0.957 and an R-squared score of 0.495. The findings of this study indicate that implementing parallel hybrid CNN-LSTM architectures to analyze continuous EDA signals have the potential to provide continuous and objective detection of pain intensity levels.Clinical Relevance- By providing a reliable and non-invasive measure of pain intensity, our findings will contribute to improved diagnosis, pain management strategies, and ultimately, better outcomes for chronic pain patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":72237,"journal":{"name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","volume":"2025 ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145671714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrophysiological Interference for Deep Brain Modulation.","authors":"Q Kang, A Roshani Talesh, E J Lang, M Sahin","doi":"10.1109/EMBC58623.2025.11254703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC58623.2025.11254703","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this paper, we present a novel framework for electrophysiological interference (EI) as a means of modulating neural activity in deep brain regions. The motor and cerebellar cortices were targeted at subthreshold current levels by transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) at 100 Hz and 110 Hz respectively. The goal was to induce an interference pattern within a subcortical region of the brain, the motor thalamus (Mthal), which receives convergent projections from these cortical regions. The proposed EI method fundamentally contrasts with the previously proposed temporal interference (TI) in that the interference takes place between the synaptic inputs to the target cell rather than by summation of the electrical fields (e-fields) at the overlapping regions inside the brain. We demonstrate, in anesthetized rats, that the cortical projections from the motor and the cerebellar areas can entrain the spiking activity of the Mthal neurons both individually and synergistically. The interference pattern is predominantly a linear superposition of the two inputs, and modulation at the difference frequency (10 Hz) was much less than that at individual input frequencies. The results also demonstrate multi-synaptic entrainment of Mthal neurons by cerebellar tACS. EI has a potential to entrain neural activity in deep brain regions using non-invasive AC stimulation and it has the advantage over TI of not exposing the superficial layers of the brain to extreme electric fields.Clinical Relevance-Transsynaptic AC stimulation may find clinical applications for entrainment of spiking activity in deep brain regions while keeping the stimulation currents within safety limits at the cortical level.</p>","PeriodicalId":72237,"journal":{"name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","volume":"2025 ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145671718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of Autonomic Entrainment to Music: Effect of Loudness and Tempo Phrase Structures on RR Intervals and Respiration.","authors":"Natalia Cotic, Vanessa Pope, Mateusz Solinki, Pier D Lambiase, Elaine Chew","doi":"10.1109/EMBC58623.2025.11253655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC58623.2025.11253655","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study explores the mechanisms of music's influence on autonomic variables so that music interventions can be integrated into cardiovascular therapies. A Bayesian algorithm is used to generate credence profiles for boundaries of arc-like structures in music tempo and loudness that denote musical phrases. The Earth Mover's Distance (EMD) is used to quantify the distance between the credence profiles and listeners' RR intervals and respiration signals to quantify their synchronising effect. 89 people listened to 9 tracks each out of the 30 available in the dataset. For 24 out of the 30 tracks, loudness entrained more than tempo. Shorter phrase arcs (approx. 10 seconds) and smaller standard deviations in arc lengths (which suggests some degree of predictability) result in higher entrainment (smaller EMD). The correlation between the phrase arc statistics and the physiological measures has an average value of 0.55 (p-value=0.005). These results show that when a listener can anticipate musical phrase structures, their heart rates and breathing synchronise more with the music. The difference in entrainment between RR intervals and respiration to music are not statistically significant. The results show that expressive music structures may influence the body in systematic ways that can be harnessed for therapeutic purposes.Clinical relevance-Music's ability to modulate physiology and its potential for use in cardiovascular therapies is underutilised due to a lack of computational tools to link music parameters such as loudness and tempo to autonomic variables like RR intervals and respiration. Knowing how and when music properties entrain which autonomic variables, and how much, provides knowledge to tailor music-based interventions to individual patients for precision cardiovascular therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":72237,"journal":{"name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","volume":"2025 ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145671725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing IJV Pulse Reliability: The Power of ICA in Wearable Accelerometry.","authors":"V V Girish, Navya Rose George, P M Nabeel, Jayaraj Joseph","doi":"10.1109/EMBC58623.2025.11253688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC58623.2025.11253688","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Monitoring the internal jugular vein (IJV) pulse is crucial for cardiovascular assessment, but interference from the common carotid artery (CCA) complicates wearable accelerometer-based measurements. This study leverages Independent Component Analysis (ICA) to extract IJV signals from Skin Acceleration Plethysmography (APG) data, effectively minimizing CCA interference. An in-vivo study involving 22 participants revealed a 45.9% drop in %RMSE and a 137.1% rise in correlation (R) for IJV-APG post-ICA. Likewise, IJV-pulse signals exhibited a 41.1% reduction in %RMSE and a 31.6% correlation boost, demonstrating significant improvements (p < 0.05). The results confirm ICA's effectiveness in refining IJV pulse measurements via wearable accelerometry, reinforcing its potential for non-invasive, real-time cardiovascular health monitoring.Clinical Relevance- Utilizing ICA for wearable IJV pulse monitoring substantially improves measurement precision by mitigating CCA interference, making it a valuable tool for cardiovascular health assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":72237,"journal":{"name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","volume":"2025 ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145671728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neckband-type Self-powered Pulsewave Sensor for Continuous Blood Pressure Monitoring.","authors":"Tae-Ho Kim, Dominic Jaworski, Rakesh Sethi, Elise Huisman, Kam Fung, Edward J Park","doi":"10.1109/EMBC58623.2025.11253314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC58623.2025.11253314","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For effective continuous blood pressure (BP) monitoring at home, the system should be portable, user-friendly, and comfortable for the patient, ensuring convenience during continuous data collection. In this paper, we report a wearable neckband-type earphone designed for continuous monitoring of cardiovascular symptoms and BP in a non-invasive and wireless manner via a self-powered pulse wave (SPP) sensor. The SPP exhibits a sensitivity of 19.88 mV/Pa, allowing for the measurement of human pulse waves directly on the skin. Additionally, its low energy consumption, achieved through a triboelectric mechanism, enables the development of user-friendly auxiliary care systems, such as continuous BP monitoring integrated with seamless patient-doctor remote communication systems. This work provides an efficient and cost-effective approach toward active and personalized health condition monitoring.Clinical Relevance- Currently, the ratio of medical doctors to patients in hospitals in British Columbia, Canada, is approximately 2.47 per 1,000 individuals . [1] This research, which focuses on out-of-clinic care services for cardiovascular symptoms, aims to reduce the burden on clinicians by enabling continuous remote monitoring and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":72237,"journal":{"name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","volume":"2025 ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145671730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of Contact Forces of Endovascular Devices Using Physicians' Bio-Signals.","authors":"Marek Sierotowicz, Gongbo Yan, Steffen Peikert, Franziska Mathis-Ulrich, Matteo Pantano, Claudio Castellini, Sabine Thuerauf","doi":"10.1109/EMBC58623.2025.11254585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC58623.2025.11254585","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiovascular diseases are one of the most common death causes. Endovascular interventions, such as the placement of stents via a catheter-based procedure, can often be life-saving. Such interventions are technically challenging, and physicians require several years of training before achieving competence and certification. Due to the high number of patients and the lack of properly trained staff, robotic solutions for, e.g., stent placement could improve access to care, facilitating the treatment of more patients in both high- and low-income countries. However, such solutions must also respect the endovascular devices' operational ratings, which often limit the safe contact forces between the device and surrounding tissues within a threshold established by experienced physicians. Yet, the exact definition of these excessive force limits remains unclear. To inform the development of safety mechanisms for robotics solutions, it is essential to first understand the typical force interactions during manual procedures. Given the impracticality of embedding sensors across the diverse range of endovascular tools, we propose a data-driven approach to estimate these forces. In this work, we present a novel method for quantifying contact forces during interventions by analyzing the physician's muscular activity and motion patterns. The setup is characterized by a series of tests, in which we demonstrate the feasibility of tracking contact forces during the insertion of an endovascular instrument, into a phantom model. Our results reveal that we can estimate forces within the Weber's fraction for the upper arm, relative mean absolute error < 13%, implying that the force discrepancies between the actual and estimated values are unnoticeable to a human user.Clinical relevance-As an alternative to the direct measurement of interaction forces, this work proposes a novel way to measure forces exerted on an endovascular device inserted in a phantom using only wearable sensors. The main advantage of this approach is that it enables the use of standard, non-sensorized equipment, essentially converting the operator themselves into a sensor system.</p>","PeriodicalId":72237,"journal":{"name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","volume":"2025 ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145671800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}