职业病与环境医学(英文)最新文献

{"title":"Association between Respirable Dust Exposure and Respiratory Health Concerns among Workers in Apparel Processing Companies in Export Processing Zone (EPZ) in Machakos County, Kenya","authors":"Owino A. Otieno, P. Njogu, D. Magu","doi":"10.4236/odem.2022.104021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/odem.2022.104021","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":71955,"journal":{"name":"职业病与环境医学(英文)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70554962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virucidal Efficacy of Chlorine Dioxide Interventions on MS2 Phage Bioaerosol in a Laboratory Chamber","authors":"Shawnee Jones, George Lukasik, J. Driver, Raymond D. Harbison","doi":"10.4236/odem.2022.103016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/odem.2022.103016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":71955,"journal":{"name":"职业病与环境医学(英文)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70555177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Environmental Toxic Metals with High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Humairat H. Rahman, Danielle Niemann, A. Bugajski","doi":"10.4236/odem.2021.94013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/odem.2021.94013","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Metals including arsenic, lead, mercury, and cadmium are toxic and can increase cardiovascular disease risk. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) is a biomarker for inflammation and cardiovascular risk. This study will evaluate the association between urinary speciated arsenic, cadmium, lead, and mercury and blood values of hs-CRP in the United States adult population. Methods: A cross-sectional study using the 2015-2016 NHANES dataset, conducting multivariate linear regressions to analyze selected urinary metals and links with serum hs-CRP. Results: The sample consisted of 780 adults. In adjusted models, arsenocholine was found to be protective of inflammation, whereas aresnous acid, which is an inorganic, toxic type of arsenic acid, was positively associated with hs-CRP (b = 2.53). Conclusion: Urinary arsenous acid is a significant predictor of hs-CRP which is a biomarker for CVD.","PeriodicalId":71955,"journal":{"name":"职业病与环境医学(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44824405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"State of Eye Protection for Metal Welders in the Workshops of Conakry","authors":"T. Bah, Mariame Ly, A. I. Baldé, Maxime Dantouma Sovogui, R. Baldé, Abdoul Karim Baldé, A. Delamou","doi":"10.4236/odem.2021.94012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/odem.2021.94012","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Welders are an occupational group at high risk for eye injuries. The aim of this study was to investigate the state of eye protection of metal welders in the workshops of Conakry. Material and Methods: The study was cross-sectional, descriptive, and included 180 welders from 45 welding workshops in the city of Conakry for a period of three months. It involved all welding professionals working in an informal unit selected by the study and who had agreed to participate in the study. Results: The average age of the participants was 33.9 ± 13.4 years, with extremes of 15 and 68 years. The study found that 99% of the welders owned glasses, 27% owned face shields, and 49% owned welding masks. Goggles were used regularly by 86% of the welders but were not suitable for welding (98%). All welders had reported having had an eye injury at least once. Foreign bodies were cited in 81%, arc strike in 65%; eye burns in 61%. However, approximately 81% of welders did not have first aid kits at their work sites. Conclusion: The use of protective equipment during welding remains very low in the workshops of Conakry, which is the cause of great ocular morbidity among welders.","PeriodicalId":71955,"journal":{"name":"职业病与环境医学(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45494027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroprotective Effects of Hesperidin and Benfotiamine against Paraquat Induced Spinal Cord Neurotoxicity in Adult Male Albino Rats","authors":"D. Amin, S. Ameen, M. Abaza","doi":"10.4236/odem.2021.93011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/odem.2021.93011","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: There are extensive people exposures to paraquat (PQ) herbicide resulting in human health hazards. Aim of the Work: To compare the beneficial neuroprotective effects of hesperidin and benfotiamine on paraquat (PQ)-induced spinal cord neurotoxic effects in rats. Materials and Methods: Rats were divided into 4 groups as following: control, paraquat (PQ 20.8 mg/kg, oral gavage (e.g.)), paraquat + benfotiamine (50 mg/kg, oral gavage (e.g.)) and paraquat + hesperidin (40 mg/kg, oral gavage (e.g.)). PQ is given as the previous dose. Rats are treated 6 days per week. Results: There was a significant increased mean value of malondialdehyde associated with a significant reduction in the content of reduced glutathione and antioxidant enzymes activities associated with a significant increase in Serum phosphorylated neurofilament-H, neurospecific enolase and s100 levels were recorded and significant spinal cord histopathological changes in paraquat treated group as compared to their corresponding values in the control group and immunohistochemical examination confirmed these results. Upon supplementation with benfotiamine and hesperidin to paraquat treated rats, there was a significant decrease in the mean values of malondialdehyde associated with a marked increase in the content of reduced glutathione and antioxidant enzymes activities associated with a significant decrease in Serum phosphorylated neurofilament-H, neurospecific enolase and s100 levels were also recorded with significant improvement of spinal cord architecture when compared with the paraquat treated group. Conclusion: The use of benfotiamine and hesperidin produced a significant protection against all of the above-mentioned changes.","PeriodicalId":71955,"journal":{"name":"职业病与环境医学(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46340543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benzene Monitoring and S-Phenylmercapturic Acid Determination of Workers at Oil Sites in Congo-Brazzaville","authors":"Ebenguela Ataboho Ebatetou, D. Moukassa, Josué Richard Ntsimba Nsemi","doi":"10.4236/odem.2021.93010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/odem.2021.93010","url":null,"abstract":"The toxicity of benzene is well known, and its leukemia effect has established. It is a natural constituent of crude oil and the diseases related to its exposure are recognized as occupational diseases. Objective: To assess occupational exposure of benzene to workers in an oil and gas production company. Materials and Methods: Firstly, it was a descriptive, cross-sectional study which consisted of benzene atmospheric quantification in a sample individual measurement of a homogeneous exposure group of workers. Secondly, urinary assays of S-phenylmercapturic acid have been performed at the end of the shift in the selected workers. Results: The study has included 79 (47.88%) workers, 17 atmospheric samples were usable and 79 urinary assays at the end of the shift were performed. The average benzene concentration for all sites was 10 times lower than the regulatory average exposure value (1 ppm = 3.2 mg/m3): average: 0.122 pp, median: 0.053 ppm and range: 0.019 - 1.448 ppm. All 79 urinary assays of S-phenylmercapturic acid with a biological exposure index of less than 25 μg/g creatinine: mean: 0.70 μg/g creatinine, median: 0.52 μg/g creatinine and extends: 0.23 to 6.7 μg/g creatinine. Conclusion: Exposure was below to the limit value for benzene in both atmospheric metrology and biometrology. Therefore it is an occupational group with low exposure to benzene. Thus, the medical supervision will be adapted according to the potentially exposing tasks.","PeriodicalId":71955,"journal":{"name":"职业病与环境医学(英文)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41470834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative Assessment of Medical Waste Management in Hamad Medical Corporation—Qatar","authors":"H. A. Naemi, Kingsley Izuka, Catherine Edquibal, Noof Al-Korbi, N. A. Kuwari, Maryam Al Homaid","doi":"10.4236/odem.2021.93009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/odem.2021.93009","url":null,"abstract":"A proper waste management system is very important in healthcare facilities because the overall benefit outweighs the cost. In the healthcare sector, hazardous health care waste (HHCW) consists of wastes that are potentially contaminated by dangerous agents. Identification and segregation of HHCW is harbinger for its proper management. The quantitative analysis study on HHCW had not been done in Qatar government hospitals. This study quantitatively analyzed the current practice for HHCW management in Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Qatar. The objective of this study is to provide a first comprehensive assessment of hazardous healthcare waste managements in Qatar and offers an opportunity to improve existing practice. This is a retrospective survey study carried out on secondary data collected from the department of occupational health and safety (OHS), HMC. OHS department collects and keeps records of hazardous wastes produced by HMC. Data on the HMC hospitals’ characteristics from 2017 to 2019 were retrieved from Planning and Statistics Authority’s website. World Health Organization (WHO) formula for calculating HHCW generation rate was used to calculate the rate for HMC. Data analysis results show a steady increase in HHCW generation rate in HMC, the generation rate was 2.6 Kg/patient bed/day, 2.8 Kg/patient bed/day and 3.1 Kg/patient bed/day for the years 2017, 2018 and 2019 respectively. There were also significant variations in HHCW generation rates between hospitals. The highest generation rate was 4.64 Kg/patient bed/day recorded for AWH and the lowest was 0.2 Kg/patient bed/day recorded for mental health and both hospitals contributing 23.18% and 0.29% respectively of HHCW in HMC.","PeriodicalId":71955,"journal":{"name":"职业病与环境医学(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48152989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of PFAS Levels and Associations with Adolescent Anthropometric Outcomes in NHANES","authors":"Desirae R. Sutherland, Alex Le Beau, M. Bourgeois, R. Harbison","doi":"10.4236/odem.2021.93008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/odem.2021.93008","url":null,"abstract":"Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are found in some consumer products due to their heat resistance and durability. However, there is potential for these substances to bioaccumulate in humans. It is relevant to investigate biological effects of these chemicals, as studies have suggested early life exposure may impact human developmental outcomes such as infant birth weight and youth adiposity. The objective of the current study was to determine if a relationship exists between increasing levels of certain PFAS and anthropometrics in adolescents ages 12 - 18. The three PFAS examined were: perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDeA), 2-(N-methyl-perfluoroctane sulfonamido) acetic acid (Me-PFOSA-AcOH), and perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUA). The data was obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from the years 2011-2012 (N = 287) and 2013-2014 (N = 344). An additional analysis combined data from 3 NHANES survey cycles using sampling weights for the years 2011-2016 (N = 875) to generate a larger sample size of detectable PFAS. PFAS concentrations were classified as above or below the lower limit of detection (LLOD) to evaluate differences in weight, waist circumference, BMI (body mass index), and height using Student’s t-tests. These same anthropometric outcomes were examined as continuous variables in linear regression models and were stratified by sex. In the 2013-2014 dataset, there were significant inverse associations between female concentrations of PFUA and PFDeA with waist circumference (PFUA β = −0.056; 95% CI, −0.106, −0.005; PFDeA β = −0.06; 95% CI, −0.10, −0.02), weight-for-age z-score (PFUA β = −0.40; 95% CI, −0.74, −0.05; PFDeA β = −0.38; 95% CI, −0.64, −0.12), and BMI-for-age z-score (PFUA β = −0.48; 95% CI, −0.86, −0.10; PFDeA β = −0.45; 95% CI, −0.73, −0.16). In the 2011-2012 dataset, males displayed a significant inverse relationship between PFDeA and waist circumference (β = −0.08; 95% CI, −0.14, −0.02), weight-for-age z-score (β = −0.49; 95% CI, −0.88, −0.11), and BMI-for-age z-score (β = −0.44; 95% CI, −0.84, −0.05). In the combined analysis of NHANES years 2011-2016, there were significant inverse associations with PFUA and PFDeA and weight-for-age z-score, waist circumference, and BMI-for-age z-score. In the given sample years, there was no compelling evidence for a relationship between any of the perfluoroalkyl chemicals and height, nor between Me-PFOSA-AcOH and any of the body measures after adjusting for age, sex, and race/ethnicity. This suggests that PFUA and PFDeA exposure in adolescents may be related to smaller waist circumference, weight, and BMI, but longitudinal studies are recommended to confirm these findings.","PeriodicalId":71955,"journal":{"name":"职业病与环境医学(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46573925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"肠道菌群失调对甲基汞染毒小鼠组织汞及粪汞含量的影响","authors":"黄红茜 | 李凤敏 | 张爱华 | 韩雪","doi":"10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2021.20532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2021.20532","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":71955,"journal":{"name":"职业病与环境医学(英文)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142064374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"千斤拔混合粉对大鼠骨结构功能的改善作用","authors":"郭橹橹 | 谢宏晨 | 刘力进 | 唐萌萌 | 黄毅娜","doi":"10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2021.20290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2021.20290","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":71955,"journal":{"name":"职业病与环境医学(英文)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142064107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}