Acta Stomatologica Croatica最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of Dental and Skeletal Age Estimating Methods in Children.","authors":"Özge Çelik Güler,&nbsp;Yeşim Deniz,&nbsp;Semiha Arslan","doi":"10.15644/asc57/1/1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15644/asc57/1/1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Estimating age is a crucial determinant of forensic science. Various methods have been used to estimate dental age (DA) and skeletal age (SA).The aim of the current study was to compare the Cameriere's DA method with the Cameriere's SA method in estimating CA in children.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 216 radiographs of 130 females and 86 males (between 9 to 14.99 years of age) were evaluated in northwestern Turkey. DA was calculated on the panoramic images using Cameriere's open-apex method. SA was determined on the lateral cephalograms using the fourth cervical vertebrae method by Cameriere. The DA, SA, and CA data were compared using a paired t-test and Wilcoxon test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean CA of all groups was calculated as 12.96±0.30, the mean DA of 12.74±0.68 and the mean SA of 12.89±0.89. In males, the DA method presented an underestimation between ages of 14.00 and 14.99 (<i>p</i><0.05) and an overestimation between ages 9.00 and 11.99 (<i>p</i><0.05). In females, the DA method showed an underestimation in the 13.00- and 14.99-year-old age groups (<i>p</i><0.05) and an overestimation in the 10.00- and 11.99-year-old age groups (<i>p</i><0.05). The SA method revealed a significant underestimation in females between the ages of 13.00 and 14.99 and in males between the ages of 14.00 and 14.99 (<i>p</i><0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The SA estimation method may provide more accurate results compared to the DA method with children of both sexes aged between 9.00 to 12.99 in the determination of CA.</p>","PeriodicalId":7154,"journal":{"name":"Acta Stomatologica Croatica","volume":"57 1","pages":"2-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/97/bd/ASC_57(1)_2-11.PMC10243714.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9603187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Dentistry.","authors":"Marin Vodanović,&nbsp;Marko Subašić,&nbsp;Denis Milošević,&nbsp;Ivana Savić Pavičin","doi":"10.15644/asc57/1/8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15644/asc57/1/8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Artificial intelligence has been applied in various fields throughout history, but its integration into daily life is more recent. The first applications of AI were primarily in academia and government research institutions, but as technology has advanced, AI has also been applied in industry, commerce, medicine and dentistry.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Considering that the possibilities of applying artificial intelligence are developing rapidly and that this field is one of the areas with the greatest increase in the number of newly published articles, the aim of this paper was to provide an overview of the literature and to give an insight into the possibilities of applying artificial intelligence in medicine and dentistry. In addition, the aim was to discuss its advantages and disadvantages.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The possibilities of applying artificial intelligence to medicine and dentistry are just being discovered. Artificial intelligence will greatly contribute to developments in medicine and dentistry, as it is a tool that enables development and progress, especially in terms of personalized healthcare that will lead to much better treatment outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7154,"journal":{"name":"Acta Stomatologica Croatica","volume":"57 1","pages":"70-84"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b5/a3/ASC_57(1)_70-84.PMC10243707.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9603185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Should I stay or should I go? The effect of London's terrorist attack on the educational choices of Muslims.","authors":"Diego Astorga-Rojas","doi":"10.1007/s13209-023-00282-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13209-023-00282-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper evaluates how the July 2005 London terrorist attacks affected Muslim teenagers' education plans and decisions. The attacks triggered a violent backslash against the Muslim community, which could have affected their incentives to continue in full-time education. I examine panel data on educational attitudes from the \"Next Steps\" Survey in England and use the month the survey was administered to divide individuals into treatment and control groups. I find that the attacks negatively affected the education plans of Muslims, but not those of any other major religious group. The probability of planning to continue in non-compulsory full-time education decreased by around 4.4% points for Muslims after the attacks. This corresponds to a 69% increase in individuals who were not sure whether to continue or drop out of full-time education. However, this change in plans appears to be a temporary reaction, since it did not affect students' actual decisions two years later.</p>","PeriodicalId":7154,"journal":{"name":"Acta Stomatologica Croatica","volume":"47 1","pages":"463-501"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10656324/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89288701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Different Bleaching Gels Thickeners on Cytotoxicity to Human Gingival Fibroblasts and Enamel Physical Properties: an <i>in Situ</i> Study.","authors":"Bruna Guerra Silva,&nbsp;Renata Pereira,&nbsp;Jonny Burga Sánchez,&nbsp;Mariangela Ivette Guanipa Ortiz,&nbsp;Flávio Henrique Baggio-Aguiar,&nbsp;Débora Alves Nunes Leite Lima","doi":"10.15644/asc56/4/3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15644/asc56/4/3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study evaluated <i>in vitro</i>, the effects of carbamide peroxide 10% (CP) associated with Carbopol® (CP-ct) and Aristoflex® (CP-at) thickeners on human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) cytotoxicity and assessed <i>in situ</i> their effects on dental enamel.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The cytotoxicity was analyzed using MTT - Vybrant® proliferation test. For <i>in situ</i> stage, 144 bovine enamel/dentin blocks were randomized into seven groups (n=12). Samples were stained, fixed in intraoral palatal devices and bleached for 4 h, during 14 days, with: Carbopol thickener (ct), Aristoflex thickener (at), CP-ct, CP-at, CP without thickener (CP-wot), Commercial CP (CP-com). The samples had their microhardness (SMH), roughness (Ra) and color analyzed using a microdurometer, a rugosimeter and a spectrophotometer, respectively. The analyses were performed at baseline and 24-h after completion of tooth bleaching.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Different thickeners were similar regarding their cytotoxicity. The experimental gels with Carbopol exhibited lower SMH values, while the groups treated with CP exhibited higher Ra values. For the color change results, the groups treated with CP had values above the acceptability and perceptibility limits.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CP-at was able to promote an effective bleaching with less alterations of the tooth surface compared to the CP-ct. Hence, Aristoflex stands as a promising thickener in conjunction with CP in order to preserve the physical properties of dental enamel after home bleaching.</p>","PeriodicalId":7154,"journal":{"name":"Acta Stomatologica Croatica","volume":"56 4","pages":"363-375"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/85/f8/ASC_56(4)_363-375.PMC9873007.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10583263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sudden, Severe, Idiopathic Occlusal Relationship Change Coexisting with Pain-Related Temporomandibular Disorders: A Case Report.","authors":"Iva Z Alajbeg,&nbsp;Senka Meštrović,&nbsp;Marko Zlendić,&nbsp;Magda Trinajstić Zrinski,&nbsp;Ema Vrbanović","doi":"10.15644/asc56/4/7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15644/asc56/4/7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The article presents a case of a young female patient who sought help due to myofascial pain followed by a sudden occlusal change (anterior open bite (AOB)) that occurred shortly after the administration of a soft night guard that had been previously provided by a general dentist. Palpation of the masseter and temporal muscles elicited the presence of familiar pain. After magnetic resonance imaging of temporomandibular joints, which ruled out disc displacement, the final diagnosis was myalgia. Since the patient had myalgia and malocclusion, the therapy included treatment of both conditions. Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) management included a combination of kinesiotherapy, pharmacotherapy, and a stabilization splint. After TMD symptoms had resolved, the patient underwent an orthodontic evaluation. Cephalometric analysis revealed skeletal class II, retrognathic face, convex profile, and normal vertical growth pattern. Orthodontic treatment included a fixed appliance with vertical intermaxillary elastics. After 19 months of treatment, both sides achieved acceptable occlusion with Class I. Since the patient had myalgia and severe malocclusion, it was important to follow a systematic diagnostic and therapeutic workflow. Although it is impossible to establish a relationship between TMD symptoms and orthodontic therapy, patients who have TMD symptoms should have their pain resolved through a conservative treatment protocol before commencement of orthodontic treatment. The beginning of orthodontic therapy comes into consideration only when the TMD pain resolves.</p>","PeriodicalId":7154,"journal":{"name":"Acta Stomatologica Croatica","volume":"56 4","pages":"405-416"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b4/7b/ASC_56(4)_405-416.PMC9873005.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10590471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Porphyromonas Gingivalis in Different Peri-Implant Conditions: a Pilot Cross - Sectional Study.","authors":"Nikolija Savčić,&nbsp;Damir Henjaš,&nbsp;Marija Jezdić,&nbsp;Ana Đinić Krasavčević,&nbsp;Iva Milinković","doi":"10.15644/asc56/4/5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15644/asc56/4/5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the potential correlation between clinical peri-implant parameters and the presence of <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> in different peri-implant conditions.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study included 30 patients from the Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine divided into three equal groups, defined according to the following diagnoses: peri-implantitis (PI), peri-implant mucositis (PM), and peri-implant health (HI). Clinical parameters such as peri-implant probing depth (PPD), bleeding on probing (BOP), suppuration on probing (SUP), and plaque index (PI) were recorded. The samples of peri-implant crevicular fluid were collected and relative levels of <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> were analyzed using <i>Real-Time PCR (Reverse transcriptase - real-time polymerase chain reaction).</i></p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean patient age was 51.33 ± 12.61 years. The mean value for <i>Porphyromonas ginigvalis</i> relative level was higher in the PI group (14.80 ±31.51) compared to PM and HI group (0.48 ± 1.34 and 0.06 ± 0.12, respectively). This parameter significantly differed between PI and HI (p=0.012), as well as PI and PM (p=0.049). The mean whole mouth probing pocket depth (PPD) in the PI group (4.02mm ± 0.77mm) was also significantly greater compared to the other two groups (3.39mm ± 0.52mm in PM and 1.97mm ± 0.54mm in the HI group. The SUP in the PI (mean value of 18%) group was more frequent than in PM (mean value of 14%) while the SUP was not detected in the HI group. The correlation between clinical parameters and relative levels of <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> was not significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings of this research indicate higher relative levels of <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> in peri-implant lesions, especially in peri-implantitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":7154,"journal":{"name":"Acta Stomatologica Croatica","volume":"56 4","pages":"387-394"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e8/91/ASC_56(4)_387-394.PMC9873002.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10583265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Reciprocating Instruments in Retreatment of Bioactive and Resin-Based Root Canal Sealers.","authors":"Danijela Jurić Kaćunić,&nbsp;Antonija Tadin,&nbsp;Petra Dijanić,&nbsp;Adriana Katunarić,&nbsp;Jurica Matijević,&nbsp;Milena Trutina-Gavran,&nbsp;Nada Galić","doi":"10.15644/asc56/4/1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15644/asc56/4/1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the effectiveness of reciprocating instruments in removing gutta-percha and bioactive-based (BioRoot RCS and MTA Fillapex) and epoxy resin-based (AH Plus) sealers from root canals based on filling residues and the time required for root canal revision.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Root canals of 90 teeth were instrumented with Reciproc R40. All root canals were obturated using the single-cone technique with Reciproc R40 gutta-percha and with one of the selected sealers. Samples with oval, straight canals were used and randomly divided into three groups: (i) filled with AH Plus sealer and gutta-percha (n=30); (ii) filled with MTA Fillapex and gutta-percha (n=30); (iii) filled with BioRoot RCS and gutta-percha (n=30). Each group was divided into two subgroups (n=15) according to the retreatment instrument used (Reciproc M-Wire R25/R40 or Reciproc blue RB25/RB40). Root canals were longitudinally split and analyzed with a stereomicroscope at 15 × magnifications in the coronal, middle, and apical third. Computational analyses were performed with the Image J software. Data were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>While no statistically significant differences in the residual material surface were found for Reciproc Blue, Reciproc M-Wire showed significantly higher residual material surface for AH Plus and MTA Fillapex compared to BioRoot RCS. For AH plus. Residual material surface was significantly lower for Reciproc Blue than for Reciproc M-Wire. In contrast, BioRoot RCS showed a significantly higher residual material surface for Reciproc Blue.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Calcium silicate-containing sealers were more retrievable compared to AH Plus, with fewer sealer remnants and shorter retreatment time. Retreatment with Reciproc M-Wire instruments was superior to Reciproc blue instruments in retreatment of BioRoot RCS. However, none of the sealers were removed completely.</p>","PeriodicalId":7154,"journal":{"name":"Acta Stomatologica Croatica","volume":"56 4","pages":"338-350"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/aa/49/ASC_56(4)_338-350.PMC9873006.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10276397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Satisfaction of Parents and Caregivers with Dental Treatment of Children Under General Anesthesia in a Day Care Surgery Setting.","authors":"Bruno Špiljak,&nbsp;Vlaho Brailo,&nbsp;Bernard Janković,&nbsp;Dragana Gabrić,&nbsp;Marin Lozić,&nbsp;Vasilije Stambolija,&nbsp;Danica Vidović Juras,&nbsp;Zoran Karlović,&nbsp;Željko Verzak","doi":"10.15644/asc56/4/4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15644/asc56/4/4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to examine the satisfaction of parents and caregivers of patients who underwent dental treatment in general anesthesia (GA) in a day-care surgery setting.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Anonymous questionnaire was sent to parents/caregivers of patients who underwent full mouth restoration in GA. The survey consisted of 4 parts: general data, data about procedure, satisfaction with various aspects of care and the perception of parents/caregivers about the condition of their child in relation to the time before dental treatment in GA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>66 parents/caregivers (30.5%) responded to the questionnaire. Overall satisfaction with the treatment was high (4.69). Respondents expressed the highest degree of satisfaction with communication with nurses (4.92), and the lowest with the waiting time for the procedure (3.89). Parents/caregivers of patients who reported difficulty eating expressed significantly lower overall satisfaction than the subjects whose children did not report difficulty eating. Also, the more treatments the patients underwent, the lower was the overall satisfaction than of those subjects whose children were never treated in such a manner before.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Since patient satisfaction has a beneficial impact on treatment outcome and adherence to preventive recommendations, all health care providers should strive to achieve it.</p>","PeriodicalId":7154,"journal":{"name":"Acta Stomatologica Croatica","volume":"56 4","pages":"376-386"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/89/0f/ASC_56(4)_376-386.PMC9873004.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10590467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the Efficacy of NeoNiTi, ProTaper, and Reciproc Files in the Retreatment of Curved Root Canals: a CBCT Assessment.","authors":"Mamak Adel,&nbsp;Maryam Tofangchiha,&nbsp;Ensiyeh Rashvand,&nbsp;Iman Moutabha,&nbsp;Neda Roohi,&nbsp;Rodolfo Reda,&nbsp;Luca Testarelli","doi":"10.15644/asc56/4/2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15644/asc56/4/2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Effective tools and methods are applied during root canal retreatment to eliminate root canal obturation materials and preserve the initial root canal anatomy. The present study compared the efficacy of Reciproc, Neoniti, ProTaper, and Hedstrom files in the retreatment of curved root canals.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In the present <i>in vitro</i> study, 100 root canals with 25‒45º curvatures were used. After the samples were initially prepared and examined by CBCT, the root canals were obturated with gutta-percha and randomly assigned to four groups (n=25). A retreatment was carried out in each group with NeoNiTi, ProTaper, Reciproc, and Hedstrom files. CBCT examinations were carried out again under the same conditions. The samples were evaluated at 3-, 6-, and 9-mm distances from the apex on the first and the second CBCT image for root canal transportation and remaining gutta-percha in the root canals. The time required for retreating each canal in each sample was recorded. One-way ANOVA and corresponding non-parametric tests were applied for data analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The root canal transportation in the NeoNiTi group was lower than that in the other groups and significantly different from the ProTaper group (P<0.05). There was a remaining gutta-percha after retreatments in all the four groups, which was not statistically significant (P>0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite the fact that the NeoNiTi file produced less transportation than other file systems evaluated in the retreatment of curved root canals, all the files were very effective at the clinically acceptable levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":7154,"journal":{"name":"Acta Stomatologica Croatica","volume":"56 4","pages":"351-362"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d0/e3/ASC_56(4)_351-362.PMC9873003.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10590468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dental Students' Attitudes and Perspectives regarding Online Learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic: a Cross-sectional, Multi-university Study.","authors":"Domagoj Vražić,&nbsp;Larisa Musić,&nbsp;Marina Barbarić,&nbsp;Ana Badovinac,&nbsp;Laura Plančak,&nbsp;Ivan Puhar","doi":"10.15644/asc56/4/6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15644/asc56/4/6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the study was to evaluate the attitude and perspectives of dental students of four Croatian universities towards online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>An anonymous internet-based survey was administered to undergraduate dental medicine students at the Universities of Zagreb, Rijeka, Split and Osijek. The 29-item questionnaire collected data on students' demographics, online learning organization and management, and perception of online classes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five hundred and four participants (85.1% female) took part in the survey. The majority of the participants (63.5%) were from the University of Zagreb. 39.6% of students reported agreement regarding online learning satisfaction. Individual university satisfaction ratings on overall online learning were: Osijek 3.69, Zagreb 3.22, Split 3.05 and Rijeka 2.64. Most students considered that lectures (82.9%) and seminars (78.9%) could be successfully delivered in an online learning format. The online learning format cannot successfully deliver laboratory, preclinical, clinical practicals or clinical clerkship, as agreed by more than 80% of the total student sample. 60% of students consider online learning a valuable alternative to face-to-face instruction.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Online learning was highly praised for educational formats such as lectures and seminars, and was considered a useful substitute for conventional learning. Conventional practical courses cannot be substituted with online learning. Overall perspective about online learning was mixed among the students of four universities. The findings of the present study can serve to help individual universities address the shortcomings and reinforce the strengths of their OL programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":7154,"journal":{"name":"Acta Stomatologica Croatica","volume":"56 4","pages":"395-404"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1f/67/ASC_56(4)_395-404.PMC9873008.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10590470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}