{"title":"On the meaning, importance and translation of ‘realised’","authors":"Christopher Nobes","doi":"10.1080/00014788.2022.2149457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00014788.2022.2149457","url":null,"abstract":"Non-governmental standard-setters need to establish legitimacy by, among other things, demonstrating expertise. Therefore, the IASB aims to use clearly articulated principles and consistent concepts. This paper makes a comprehensive examination of the concept of ‘realised’ in IFRS. The term appears extensively but is not defined. It seems to have a variety of meanings, technical and not. In translations of IFRS, ‘realised’ is usually rendered using cognate words (e.g. ‘réalisé’) but sometimes it is not. In some translations, the word used for ‘realised’ appears far more often than in the original IFRS. In some jurisdictions (such as the UK) where IFRS is used for reporting by individual legal entities, ‘realised’ establishes the legal limit on dividend payments, but its definition is not consistent with any of the implied meanings in IFRS. This paper makes suggestions about how to remove the term from IFRS in order to improve clarity.","PeriodicalId":7054,"journal":{"name":"Accounting and Business Research","volume":"326 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135500602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Corporate philanthropy as a response to greater tax enforcement","authors":"Lem Zhao","doi":"10.1080/00014788.2022.2149456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00014788.2022.2149456","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7054,"journal":{"name":"Accounting and Business Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46585868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"CEO Facial masculinity and accounting conservatism","authors":"Keval Amin, Cecilia Feng, Peng Guo, Hong You","doi":"10.1080/00014788.2022.2116384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00014788.2022.2116384","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7054,"journal":{"name":"Accounting and Business Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48168495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pension plans’ funded status volatility and corporate credit risk","authors":"Tsung-Kang Chen, Yijie Tseng, Ruey-Ching Lin","doi":"10.1080/00014788.2022.2113757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00014788.2022.2113757","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7054,"journal":{"name":"Accounting and Business Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47246784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chun Keung (Stan) Hoi, Yun Ke, Qiang Wu, Hao Zhang
{"title":"Does public scrutiny on corporate tax decisions affect directors? Effects of responsible (irresponsible) corporate tax practices on director reputation","authors":"Chun Keung (Stan) Hoi, Yun Ke, Qiang Wu, Hao Zhang","doi":"10.1080/00014788.2022.2112549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00014788.2022.2112549","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In 2004, the Citizens of Tax Justice (CTJ) released a report that significantly raised public awareness of corporate tax avoidance practices in the companies that it scrutinised in the study. Using a six-year period straddling the CTJ event, we compare over time changes in external board seats held by incumbent directors serving scrutinised firms against those of their counterparts serving control firms with comparable tax practices but that were not scrutinised in the CTJ study. Incumbent directors in scrutinised firms with minimal tax avoidance practices gained more external board seats after the CTJ event than did board members in control firms. However, directors in scrutinised firms with aggressive tax avoidance practices neither gained nor lost more external board seats after the CTJ event than did directors in control firms. These findings provide little evidence that constituents in the corporate sector overwhelmingly favour tax minimisation practices as acceptable practices of conducting business operations. Rather, they provide evidence that corporate constituents, like their social peers, are somewhat attuned to the expectation for socially responsible tax practices. Lastly, we find that directors in scruitised firms with minimal tax avoidance practices are more likely to gain board seats from like-minded firms with responsible tax practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":7054,"journal":{"name":"Accounting and Business Research","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138533688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Capital market response to high quality annual reporting: evidence from UK annual report awards","authors":"Justin Chircop, Jacqueline Gagnon, S. Young","doi":"10.1080/00014788.2022.2106542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00014788.2022.2106542","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7054,"journal":{"name":"Accounting and Business Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46102496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Does mandatory disclosure of firm’s tax avoidance position affect corporate investment efficiency?","authors":"K. Mehmood, Hongbin Tan, Xuedan Tao, H. Wang","doi":"10.1080/00014788.2022.2106175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00014788.2022.2106175","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the effect of a firm’s tax avoidance position disclosure on corporate investment efficiency by utilising an exogenous shock to corporate tax reporting that mandates firms to disclose uncertain tax positions in their financial statements under Financial Interpretation No. 48 (FIN 48). We find that, after FIN 48, firms claiming uncertain tax benefits (i.e. affected firms) experience a significant decrease in investment efficiency relative to firms that do not have uncertain tax positions (i.e. non-affected firms). Our finding suggests that, despite promoting transparency, FIN 48 imposes an unfavourable information revelation effect that reduces investment efficiency for affected firms. In terms of the mechanism, we provide evidence that affected firms experience a larger increase (drop) in cost of capital (external financing) following FIN 48 and rule out an alternative explanation that the decreased investment efficiency may arise from internal liquidity constraints. In cross-sectional analyses, we find the adverse effect to be more pronounced for firms with higher disclosure quality, higher tax uncertainty, and more severe financial constraints. These findings provide insight into the debate on why firms sometimes forgo tax avoidance opportunities by pointing out a potential cost of tax avoidance.","PeriodicalId":7054,"journal":{"name":"Accounting and Business Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42890071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Discussion of ‘The impact of the adoption of IFRS 11 on the comparability of accounting information’","authors":"K. Schipper","doi":"10.1080/00014788.2022.2082679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00014788.2022.2082679","url":null,"abstract":"Comparability of accounting information allows users of that information to detect and understand similarities and differences in the events and arrangements depicted in financial reports. Comparability is both a component of the International Accounting Standards Board’s (IASB) standard-setting objectives and an enhancing qualitative characteristic of useful financial information in the IASB’s conceptual framework. With respect to comparability as a standard-setting objective, the Preface to International Financial Reporting Standards (para. 6(a)) states that the IASB’s objective is ‘to develop... a single set of high quality... globally accepted financial reporting standards... [that] require high quality, transparent and comparable information in financial statements... .’ The objective indicates that the standards whose application produces comparable information should perform this function globally, that is, in any jurisdiction that requires or permits the use of the IASB’s standards. With respect to comparability as a qualitative characteristic of useful accounting information, the IASB’s Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting (the Framework) defines comparability as a property of reported information that ‘enables users to identify and understand similarities in, and differences among, items’ (IASB 2018, para. QC21). A condition for achieving comparability is that ‘like things must look alike and different things must look different’ (IASB 2018, para. QC 23). Put another way, similar accounting for similar items and different accounting for different items is the channel or mechanism for achieving comparable financial reporting information, and this feature should be invariant to the jurisdiction in which the reporting occurs.","PeriodicalId":7054,"journal":{"name":"Accounting and Business Research","volume":"52 1","pages":"727 - 733"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43070203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Does every accounting issue need a solution?","authors":"K. Hombach, T. Sellhorn","doi":"10.1080/00014788.2022.2079736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00014788.2022.2079736","url":null,"abstract":"We discuss the concept and costs of resolving accounting issues. We first characterise the (degree of) resolution of an accounting issue as a continuous concept, arguing that an accounting issue is unresolved where an established solution is either uncertain or produces financial information with undesired consequences. We then describe standard setters and market participants as possible institutions that can contribute to such resolution. A series of standard-setting cases illustrates different settings as well as sources and degrees of resolution. We then review extant studies that speak to two important cost factors shaping the supply of accounting solutions: costs of learning about accounting solutions and opportunity costs arising from reduced incentives for innovations in accounting. We conclude with suggestions for future research and implications for standard setting.","PeriodicalId":7054,"journal":{"name":"Accounting and Business Research","volume":"52 1","pages":"540 - 561"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42806791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"‘Does Every Accounting Issue Need a Solution?’ A practitioner view","authors":"Doug King","doi":"10.1080/00014788.2022.2079746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00014788.2022.2079746","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7054,"journal":{"name":"Accounting and Business Research","volume":"52 1","pages":"562 - 564"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48573557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}