{"title":"Efficient test to evaluate the consistency of elastic and viscous moduli with Kramers–Kronig relations","authors":"Sanjeeb Poudel, Sachin Shanbhag","doi":"10.1007/s13367-022-00041-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13367-022-00041-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The principle of causality constrains the real and imaginary parts of the complex modulus <span>(G^{*} = G^{prime } + i G^{prime prime })</span> via Kramers–Kronig relations (KKR). Thus, the consistency of observed elastic or storage (<span>(G^{prime })</span>) and viscous or loss (<span>(G^{prime prime })</span>) moduli can be ascertained by checking whether they obey KKR. This is important when master curves of the complex modulus are constructed by transforming a number of individual datasets; for example, during time-temperature superposition. We adapt a recently developed statistical technique called the ‘Sum of Maxwell Elements using Lasso’ or SMEL test to assess the KKR compliance of linear viscoelastic data. We validate this test by successfully using it on real and synthetic datasets that follow and violate KKR. The SMEL test is found to be both accurate and efficient. As a byproduct, the parameters inferred during the SMEL test provide a noisy estimate of the discrete relaxation spectrum. Strategies to improve the quality and interpretability of the extracted discrete spectrum are explored by appealing to the principle of parsimony to first reduce the number of parameters, and then to nonlinear regression to fine tune the spectrum. Comparisons with spectra obtained from the open-source program pyReSpect suggest possible tradeoffs between speed and accuracy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":683,"journal":{"name":"Korea-Australia Rheology Journal","volume":"34 4","pages":"369 - 379"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13367-022-00041-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5064755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of initial solvent concentration on the structure and property of polymer nanocomposites","authors":"Ga Young Kim, Tae Yeon Kong, So Youn Kim","doi":"10.1007/s13367-022-00042-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13367-022-00042-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, we investigate how the initial solvent concentration can influence the final structure and property of the polymer nanocomposites (PNCs). To produce the PNCs, nanoparticles (NPs) and polymers are first required to disperse in a good solvent and then the dispersing solvent quickly evaporates. Previous studies found that controlling the evaporation rate of solvents or drying conditions of solution can change the structure of PNCs; however, the colloidal stability of the NP-polymer mixtures depending on the solvent concentrations has not been much considered. In the NP-polymer colloidal mixture as a precursor system of PNC, the microstructure of the NP dispersion is determined by the net interaction between particles, which may sensitively vary depending on the polymer/solvent concentration. The evaporation of the solvent accompanying the PNC manufacturing process results in a continuous change in the component concentration, which means that the interaction between particles can be continuously changed. We found that the varying initial concentrations in NP-polymer mixtures with different amount of the solvent indeed changes the initial dispersion state of the NPs, which ultimately determined the final microstructure and the physical properties of the PNCs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":683,"journal":{"name":"Korea-Australia Rheology Journal","volume":"34 4","pages":"359 - 367"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4773836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luis Medina-Torres, Fausto Calderas, Luis Antonio Ramírez-Torres, Diola-Marina Núñez–Ramírez, Andrés Navarrete Castro, Ma. Josefa Bernad-Bernad, Octavio Manero
{"title":"Rheological behavior of blood in Wistar rats with different total cholesterol levels","authors":"Luis Medina-Torres, Fausto Calderas, Luis Antonio Ramírez-Torres, Diola-Marina Núñez–Ramírez, Andrés Navarrete Castro, Ma. Josefa Bernad-Bernad, Octavio Manero","doi":"10.1007/s13367-022-00040-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13367-022-00040-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Blood is a rheologically complex suspension, in which the soluble fraction contains proteins, total cholesterol and triglycerides. The blood rheological behavior is strongly affected by the concentration of these components. This work evaluates the total cholesterol effect on the rheological behavior of <i>Wistar</i> rat blood by means of an in vitro study. Twenty-one rats were divided into 3 groups, each one had an assigned diet with different fat content: reference group (RG) with 3%, medium fat content group (MG) with 4.5% and high-fat content group (HG) with 6.5%; in the latter group, mixed-vegetable fat was added. From each group, intraocular representative blood samples were taken with time lapse of 15 days between each sampling followed by biochemical and hemo-rheological tests. The first analysis detected changes in total cholesterol levels, attributed to the rat metabolism, formation of adipose tissue and competition for food. The second test consisted in steady simple-shear and linear oscillatory flow. The linear viscoelastic spectra reveal that the viscous modulus is larger than the elastic modulus (<i>G</i>ʺ > <i>G′</i>), with simple-shear viscosity exhibiting shear-thinning behavior. An important finding is a <i>pseudo-solid-</i>like behavior at low frequencies (1 rad/s) akin to the presence of yield stresses in the high-fat content group after 30 days, revealing strong interactions between total cholesterol levels and blood cells. The hemo-rheological tests represent a promising alternative to identify pathologies present in the blood (total cholesterol, digestive problems, and diabetes).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":683,"journal":{"name":"Korea-Australia Rheology Journal","volume":"34 4","pages":"349 - 358"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13367-022-00040-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5109403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Numerical simulation-based performance improvement of the separation of circulating tumor cells from bloodstream in a microfluidic platform by dielectrophoresis","authors":"Ngoc-Viet Nguyen, Hoang Van Manh, Nguyen Van Hieu","doi":"10.1007/s13367-022-00039-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13367-022-00039-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) detection has become one of the promising solutions for the early diagnosis of cancers. Thus, the separation of CTCs is of great importance in biomedical applications. In addition, microfluidic technology has been an attractive approach to the manipulation of biological cells. This study presents the parametric investigations relevant to the volumetric throughput of a microfluidic platform with the dielectrophoresis (DEP)-based cell manipulation technique for the continuous CTCs separation. A low potential voltage at an appropriate frequency was applied to slanted planar electrodes to separate CTCs from normal cells in blood samples due to mainly the cell size difference. The performance of the separation process was analyzed by evaluating the cell trajectories, purity, and recovery rates. Several inlet flow rates of buffer and cell sample fluid streams were examined. Various channel configurations with different outlet and height dimensions were also investigated to enhance the isolation of CTCs. During the simulation, the size and shape of cells were assumed as fixed-sized, solid spheres. The results showed that CTCs could be separated from blood cells, including white blood cells (WBCs), red blood cells (RBCs), and platelets (PLTs) with recovery and purity factors up to 100% at the cell sample throughput of 10 µL/min by utilizing a suitable microchannel design. The current study significantly contributes valuable insights into the design of the microchip devices to effectively and selectively isolate different cancerous cells in biofluids.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000 <figure><div><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></div></figure>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":683,"journal":{"name":"Korea-Australia Rheology Journal","volume":"34 4","pages":"335 - 347"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4487437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohsen Ghafarian Eidgahi Moghadam, Mohammad Mohsen Shahmardan, Mahmood Norouzi
{"title":"Dissipative particle dynamics modeling of MR fluid flow in a novel magnetically optimized mini-MR damper","authors":"Mohsen Ghafarian Eidgahi Moghadam, Mohammad Mohsen Shahmardan, Mahmood Norouzi","doi":"10.1007/s13367-022-00037-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13367-022-00037-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Magnetically optimization of mini-MR damper with focused on MR fluid properties and damper construction is investigated using dissipative particle dynamics method as a molecular scale modeling technique. To select a suitable MR fluid, the effect of diameter and weight of magnetic particles on damping force of 10 N as set point is studied. The results show damping force increases by increasing diameter of magnetic particles and finally trends to a constant value while changes nonparabolic by enhancement of their weight. The results of studies on structural parameters of damper show that by increasing gap size of flow passage, damping force increases while enhancement in inner diameter of cylinder and piston length has reverse effect. Optimum design of MR damper completed by investigation on electrical coils in terms of their arrangement and step wise distribution of magnetic field strength as our major innovation. To optimum operating conditions of MR damper at minimum electrical energy consumption and hysteresis level, the scenario of three segment coils in length of 3, 5, and 7 mm at base relative magnetic strength of 40% with 15% difference in steps by utilizing 140CG MR fluid as agent fluid are selected.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":683,"journal":{"name":"Korea-Australia Rheology Journal","volume":"34 4","pages":"291 - 315"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13367-022-00037-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4331090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Junsok Choi, Junyoung Lim, Sangsok Han, Hoyeon Kim, Hyoung Jin Choi, Yongsok Seo
{"title":"How to resolve the trade-off between performance and long-term stability of magnetorheological fluids","authors":"Junsok Choi, Junyoung Lim, Sangsok Han, Hoyeon Kim, Hyoung Jin Choi, Yongsok Seo","doi":"10.1007/s13367-022-00036-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13367-022-00036-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A suspension of micro- or nano-magnetic particles dispersed in a nonmagnetic carrier medium is called a magnetorheological (MR) fluid. MR fluids are smart materials that undergo rapid and reversible changes in rheological properties under an external magnetic field. The rheological properties of MR fluids can be easily controlled through manipulation of the magnetic field strength. Because of their unique and fast reversible changes in rheological properties, MR fluids are widely used in various devices and structures. However, they suffer long-term stability (particle sedimentation) problems because of the density mismatch between the suspended magnetic particle and the liquid medium. In previous studies, researchers have expended great efforts to simultaneously improve the stability and performance of MR fluids. Nevertheless, a trade-off relationship exists between the stability and the performance of MR fluids, that is, as MR performance increases, stability decreases, and vice versa. In this review, we recapitulate the findings of our group's recent achievements and address the conflicting issues. Reviewing the various routes will provide clues to solving the trade-off problem and suggest a guideline for developing high-performance and highly stable MR fluids.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":683,"journal":{"name":"Korea-Australia Rheology Journal","volume":"34 4","pages":"243 - 290"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4150167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experimental measurements of non-Newtonian fluid flow through a stenotic tube","authors":"Imane Trea, Mohamed Mahfoud, Fadila Haddad","doi":"10.1007/s13367-022-00038-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13367-022-00038-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper presents an experimental study of the laminar flow of a non-Newtonian fluid through 75% (by area reduction) stenotic tubes. The fluid behaviour was described by the Herschel Bulkey non-Newtonian model. The non-Newtonian fluids were aqueous solutions of 0.1% Carbopol 940. Upstream flow conditions were steady and spanned a range of generalized Reynolds numbers Reg from 0.20 to 13.66. The velocity profiles were measured with a Laser Doppler Anemometry (LDA). This study allows us to see locally the influence of the geometry and the non-Newtonian character of the fluid on the velocity profiles, the pressure drops and flow resistance. From the experimental data, the frictional resistance decreases with increasing generalized Reynolds number Reg and resistance gave a weak value in a stenotic tube as compared to the flow in a simple tube. At the level of stenosis, a correlation relating of the Euler number to the generalized Reynolds number is developed. To compare the upstream and downstream parts of the stenosis, it is preferable to represent the pressure drops by the friction factor f. This factor f in upstream and downstream decreases linearly with the generalized Reynolds number Reg.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":683,"journal":{"name":"Korea-Australia Rheology Journal","volume":"34 4","pages":"317 - 326"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13367-022-00038-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4111929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Squeeze flow and rheological characterization of pure bitumen and bitumen mixed with kaolin","authors":"Amal Kraiem, Abdelhak Ayadi, Nadia Elkissi","doi":"10.1007/s13367-022-00035-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13367-022-00035-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study dealt with an experimental squeeze-flow test between two parallel disks and rheological measurements using a rotational rheometer of pure bitumen and bitumen mixed with 10 and 20 wt.% kaolin without slip condition. The experimental procedure of the homogeneous samples’ preparation was described. A steady-state and dynamic rheological analysis for pure bitumen and bitumen mixed with kaolin was detailed. Results show that pure bitumen and bitumen mixed with 10 wt.% kaolin at 26 °C correspond to a shear-thinning behavior. The effect of the kaolin particles becomes more critical at low shear rates than at high shear rates, where the matrix effect was dominant. The influence of temperature on bitumen mixed with 20 wt.% kaolin was investigated, and the obtained results show that the samples behave like a power-law model at 50 °C. Besides, the squeeze-flow test impact at an ambient temperature of 26 °C for pure bitumen and bitumen mixed with kaolin was also studied. Adding kaolin leads to a significant increase in viscosity and confirms the studied cases in the rheometry test at 26 °C. It was proven that pure bitumen and bitumen mixed with kaolin follow a power-law model at a specific range of shear rate. In particular, the decrease of the shear rate in bitumen mixed with 20 wt.% kaolin triggers the detection of the yield stress, which did not appear in the rheological measurements due to the applied deformation either in the shear and/or the elongational flow.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":683,"journal":{"name":"Korea-Australia Rheology Journal","volume":"34 3","pages":"211 - 222"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5120851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jin Seok Park, Sanghun Jee, Byoungjin Chun, Hyun Wook Jung
{"title":"Practical operations for intermittent dual-layer slot coating processes","authors":"Jin Seok Park, Sanghun Jee, Byoungjin Chun, Hyun Wook Jung","doi":"10.1007/s13367-022-00033-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13367-022-00033-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Transient behaviors of dual-layered patches for Newtonian liquids were numerically investigated in dual-layer slot coating processes for the first time using step-changed inlet flows. To further tune the leading and trailing edges in a patch cycle, startup and end lag times between the top and bottom layers were proposed, considering the flow state of a bottom-layer liquid in a coating bead region. Carefully chosen lag times significantly reduced the defects in the leading and trailing edges of a dual-layered patch. It was also found that a greater coating layer viscosity results in a greater amount of residue left on the die lips, which affects the next patch cycle.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":683,"journal":{"name":"Korea-Australia Rheology Journal","volume":"34 3","pages":"181 - 186"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4577987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Javad Rahmannezhad, Hyeon Dam Jeong, Seung Chan Ryu, Heon Sang Lee
{"title":"Correction to: Simulated orientational morphology from the measured transient rheology of polycarbonate–carbon fiber composites","authors":"Javad Rahmannezhad, Hyeon Dam Jeong, Seung Chan Ryu, Heon Sang Lee","doi":"10.1007/s13367-022-00034-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13367-022-00034-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":683,"journal":{"name":"Korea-Australia Rheology Journal","volume":"34 3","pages":"239 - 239"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4349665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}