6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENT (ICENV2018): Empowering Environment and Sustainable Engineering Nexus Through Green Technology最新文献

{"title":"Enhanced volatile fatty acid production in sequencing batch reactor: Microbial population and growth kinetics evaluation","authors":"Jing Xiang. Lim, V. Vadivelu","doi":"10.1063/1.5117100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117100","url":null,"abstract":"A sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with a working volume of 8 L and an exchange ratio of 20% was used to enrich microorganism for the production of volatile fatty acid. The treatment system managed to suppress the growth of volatile fatty acid (VFA)-utilising methanogen and increased the VFA output. The enhancement reactor managed to achieve stable accumulation of VFA without producing methane gas. The average VFA production was 43.8 % more than that of the original VFA content in raw POME. After achieving steady state, 16S metagenomic analysis was conducted to identify the species in the SBR. Further, the growth kinetic of the enriched microorganism were determined in batch experiments. The decay coefficient (bD) and biomass yield (Y) were found to be 0.1665 day-1 and 0.174 mg biomass/mg COD consumed, respectively. The maximum specific growth rate (μmax) was estimated to be 0.636 day-1 while the half saturation constant (Ks) with respect to COD was determined to be 12752 mgCOD/L.A sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with a working volume of 8 L and an exchange ratio of 20% was used to enrich microorganism for the production of volatile fatty acid. The treatment system managed to suppress the growth of volatile fatty acid (VFA)-utilising methanogen and increased the VFA output. The enhancement reactor managed to achieve stable accumulation of VFA without producing methane gas. The average VFA production was 43.8 % more than that of the original VFA content in raw POME. After achieving steady state, 16S metagenomic analysis was conducted to identify the species in the SBR. Further, the growth kinetic of the enriched microorganism were determined in batch experiments. The decay coefficient (bD) and biomass yield (Y) were found to be 0.1665 day-1 and 0.174 mg biomass/mg COD consumed, respectively. The maximum specific growth rate (μmax) was estimated to be 0.636 day-1 while the half saturation constant (Ks) with respect to COD was determined to be 12752 mgCOD/L.","PeriodicalId":6836,"journal":{"name":"6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENT (ICENV2018): Empowering Environment and Sustainable Engineering Nexus Through Green Technology","volume":"9 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91494536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of hybrid ultrasonic cavitation/adsorption and coagulation for treatment of palm oil mill effluent","authors":"W. G. King, Lee Man Djun, A. C. Affam, W. C. Chung, Ir. Wong Chee Swee, J. Adebayo","doi":"10.1063/1.5117068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117068","url":null,"abstract":"Ultrasound cavitation (US), coagulation treatment (natural coagulant chitosan and synthetic coagulant ferric chloride (FeCl3)) and activated carbon as adsorbent were applied for treatment of raw palm oil mill effluent (POME). The findings showed that for US alone, increasing pH >11 COD removal increased due to more hydroxyl radical (OH·) present in alkali solution phase. The COD, colour and TSS removal at pH 11 were 26.3%, 52.7% and 58.2%, respectively after 60 min. Application of coagulants (Chitosan and FeCl3) required acidic medium for coagulation (i.e. between pH 4.5 and 5) to be effective. A dosage of 100 mg/L chitosan at pH 4.5 removed 15.4% COD, 85.8% colour and 97% TSS from POME. A dosage of 450 mg/L FeCl3 at pH 5 removed 38.54% COD, 88.6% colour and 91.5% TSS. It was observed that FeCl3 removed COD better than chitosan. Adsorption studies indicated that 800 mg/L of activated carbon removed 64.3% COD, 99.16% colour and 99.5% TSS. The dosage needed for adsorption was much higher compared to chitosan and FeCl3 coagulants required. However, activated carbon could be recycled and reused. The hybrid treatment of ultrasound cavitation and coagulation (US-FeCl3) removed 56.3% COD, 92.4% colour and 96% TSS. The US-Chitosan removed 35.1% COD, 86.8% colour and TSS 89.2%. The eventual hybrid treatment of ultrasound cavitation, FeCl3 coagulation and activated carbon adsorption in series removed BOD5 89.7%, COD 88.1%, colour 99.9% and TSS 99.5% cumulatively. The final effluent concentration of the treated POME was in the accepted range set by Department of Environment (DOE) Malaysia. The study showed that a combination of ultrasound cavitation, adsorption and coagulation (Chitosan and FeCl3) treatments were effective for removal of BOD5, COD, colour and TSS in POME wastewater. In addition, the efficiency of the treatment will further improve when these treatment technologies are combined. INTRODUCTION Malaysia contributes about 39% of the world palm oil production and this translates to 44% of palm oil world export [1]. Therefore, palm oil is a very important sector and significantly affects the gross domestic product (GDP) of Malaysia. Due to the importance of palm oil industry, large area of land has been converted into oil palm plantation estate, at the same time, many more palm oil mills have been built to process the increasing amount of oil palm fresh fruit bunch (FFB) into crude palm oil. Palm oil mill effluent (POME) generated by processing 1 ton of FFB, contains about 29-30 kg at 30C, 3-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD3) [2]. From the data of POME produced in year 2014, if the raw POME is discharged into the environment without any further treatment, the BOD discharged would be equal to the waste generated by 75 million people, which is the 2.5 times of the current Malaysia population [3]. The most popular method to treat the POME in Malaysia is using the ponding system as it has a low equipment cost and it is easy to operate. There are mor","PeriodicalId":6836,"journal":{"name":"6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENT (ICENV2018): Empowering Environment and Sustainable Engineering Nexus Through Green Technology","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83070111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CO2 adsorption using 3-triethoxysilylpropylamine (APTES)-modified commercial rice husk activated carbon","authors":"Muhammad Zubair Abdul Wahab Saaroni, H. Abdullah, E. E. Masiren, M. R. Khan","doi":"10.1063/1.5117089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117089","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon dioxide (CO2) is one of the greenhouse gases that cause global warming. Therefore, there is a need for CO2 capture technologies in order to reduce the CO2 emissions to the atmosphere. In this study, commercial rice husk activated carbon was impregnated with 3-triethoxysilylpropylamine (APTES) to investigate the efficiency of modified activated carbon for CO2 adsorption. The modification parameters, such as the APTES concentration (2-5 wt%) and the type of solvent (water and ethanol) were also investigated. Then, the modified activated carbon was characterized by nitrogen adsorption-desorption, scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The maximum CO2 adsorption capacity was 7602 mg/g for APTES-AC with 5 wt % APTES using ethanol as solvent. This study shows that the rice husk activated carbon modified with APTES could enhance the CO2 adsorption performance due to the physisorption and chemisorption.Carbon dioxide (CO2) is one of the greenhouse gases that cause global warming. Therefore, there is a need for CO2 capture technologies in order to reduce the CO2 emissions to the atmosphere. In this study, commercial rice husk activated carbon was impregnated with 3-triethoxysilylpropylamine (APTES) to investigate the efficiency of modified activated carbon for CO2 adsorption. The modification parameters, such as the APTES concentration (2-5 wt%) and the type of solvent (water and ethanol) were also investigated. Then, the modified activated carbon was characterized by nitrogen adsorption-desorption, scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The maximum CO2 adsorption capacity was 7602 mg/g for APTES-AC with 5 wt % APTES using ethanol as solvent. This study shows that the rice husk activated carbon modified with APTES could enhance the CO2 adsorption performance due to the physisorption and chemisorption.","PeriodicalId":6836,"journal":{"name":"6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENT (ICENV2018): Empowering Environment and Sustainable Engineering Nexus Through Green Technology","volume":"128 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88016086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green synthesis of silver nanoparticle using Gynura procumbens aqueous extracts","authors":"M. M. Nadzir, F. N. Idris, Khairunisa Hat","doi":"10.1063/1.5117140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117140","url":null,"abstract":"Nanoparticle is increasing in demand especially in the area such as cosmetics, biomedical sciences, environmental health and drug delivery which mainly due to its minute particle size. Gynura procumbens (G. procumbens) is a medicinal plant that easily found in Southeast Asia and can be used to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) without any harsh and toxic chemicals. The objectives of this study were to synthesis AgNPs using G. procumbens leaves extract and investigate the effect of concentration of silver nitrate, concentration of plant extract (PE), reaction time and ratio of PE to silver nitrate in synthesizing AgNPs. Silver nanoparticles were prepared by mixing silver nitrate with PE and the synthesized AgNPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and zeta potential analysis. It was discovered that G. procumbens leaves extract able to reduce aqueous silver ions which resulted in a colour change indicating AgNPs formation. The UV-Vis spectrum showed surface plasmon resonance peak intensity ranging from 449 to 471 nm. Zeta potential analysis proved stability of AgNPs by having the value −40 mV. The FTIR analysis showed that AgNPs were capped by various protein molecules and TEM confirmed the spherical shape of nanoparticles. The data compiled illustrated that G. procumbens is a potential natural source for synthesizing AgNPs.Nanoparticle is increasing in demand especially in the area such as cosmetics, biomedical sciences, environmental health and drug delivery which mainly due to its minute particle size. Gynura procumbens (G. procumbens) is a medicinal plant that easily found in Southeast Asia and can be used to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) without any harsh and toxic chemicals. The objectives of this study were to synthesis AgNPs using G. procumbens leaves extract and investigate the effect of concentration of silver nitrate, concentration of plant extract (PE), reaction time and ratio of PE to silver nitrate in synthesizing AgNPs. Silver nanoparticles were prepared by mixing silver nitrate with PE and the synthesized AgNPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and zeta potential analysis. It was discovered that G. procumbens leaves extract able to reduce aqueous silver ions which resulted in a colour change indicating A...","PeriodicalId":6836,"journal":{"name":"6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENT (ICENV2018): Empowering Environment and Sustainable Engineering Nexus Through Green Technology","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83478791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineering laboratory inventory management system using cloud and RFID technology: Conceptual approach in KDU University College","authors":"H. Chua, S. Paramasivam, T. T. Goh, C. Gee","doi":"10.1063/1.5117103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117103","url":null,"abstract":"As quality standards are an integral part of the higher educational system; this project’s focus is on computerizing inventory management quality processes by using cloud architecture and radio frequency identification (RFID) technology dominantly to ensure accountability on University’s valuable assets as well as ensuring engineering laboratory consistency of performance on teaching and learning process. Radio Frequency Identification, which is a “contactless technology” has gain popularity due to its ability to scan multiple devices at a rapid pace, user friendly to end-user and has add-on security values. Due to these characteristics, RFID is considered to be the potential successor of barcode and may complement or replace barcode. This study presents a two prong approach: first optimizing advancement of internet of technology in creating an efficiency database that renders a secure and efficient inventory asset management system; secondly innovatively notify the laboratory staff of calibration and maintenance work schedule of each test and measurement equipment; In this project, system software and prototype are used which crucially involve RFID tag and reader. The RFID tag contains each individual devices’ information which will be transmitted via a long distance radio frequency to a cloud storage. This prototype will enable the assigned technical staff to have ready access to all technical specification information of the equipment more specifically its maintenance schedule and next calibration date. A real time notification will be propagated via a SMS mechanism to the technical support staff in the event it detects movement of equipment out of the engineering laboratory. Hence, significantly enhancing the effectiveness of the system in adhering to compliance of quality process requirements.As quality standards are an integral part of the higher educational system; this project’s focus is on computerizing inventory management quality processes by using cloud architecture and radio frequency identification (RFID) technology dominantly to ensure accountability on University’s valuable assets as well as ensuring engineering laboratory consistency of performance on teaching and learning process. Radio Frequency Identification, which is a “contactless technology” has gain popularity due to its ability to scan multiple devices at a rapid pace, user friendly to end-user and has add-on security values. Due to these characteristics, RFID is considered to be the potential successor of barcode and may complement or replace barcode. This study presents a two prong approach: first optimizing advancement of internet of technology in creating an efficiency database that renders a secure and efficient inventory asset management system; secondly innovatively notify the laboratory staff of calibration and mai...","PeriodicalId":6836,"journal":{"name":"6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENT (ICENV2018): Empowering Environment and Sustainable Engineering Nexus Through Green Technology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81940675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Awareness and practices of sustainable construction in Australia: Consultant quantity surveyors’ perception","authors":"B. Lim, A. Liu, B. Oo","doi":"10.1063/1.5117120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117120","url":null,"abstract":"Despite being a key stakeholder of the construction supply chain, little has been known if consultant quantity surveyors (QS) are aware of, understood and employed the concept of sustainable construction at work. This research thus aimed to examine the awareness and practices of consultant QS in sustainable construction and their perceived barriers towards the implementation of sustainable construction. An online questionnaire survey of 40 consultant QS was undertaken and data was analysed using the relative prevalence indexing, one-sample and related-sample Wilcoxon signed tests, and Spearman correlation test. Overall, the results show that the consultant QS respondents had moderate understanding of sustainable construction, and that they generally related the concept to ‘Environment’, ‘Material’, ‘Resource’, and ‘Efficiency’. Furthermore, they had shown moderate awareness of the five principles of sustainable construction but did not practise them at work. The results further indicate that the culture o...","PeriodicalId":6836,"journal":{"name":"6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENT (ICENV2018): Empowering Environment and Sustainable Engineering Nexus Through Green Technology","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84291910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Employee’s past environmental related experience and green supply chain management practice: A study of Malaysian chemical related industries","authors":"Amar Hisham bin Jaaffar, Z. K. Kaman, Nurulhuda Ahmad Razali, Nurnazurah Azmi, Nur Amira Yahya","doi":"10.1063/1.5117105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117105","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6836,"journal":{"name":"6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENT (ICENV2018): Empowering Environment and Sustainable Engineering Nexus Through Green Technology","volume":"77 3-4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91471318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Producing sustainable unsaturated polyester for fiberglass application","authors":"D. O. Lisyukov, E. Negim, S. Efremov, S. Nechipurenko, G. Irmukhametova","doi":"10.1063/1.5117133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117133","url":null,"abstract":"A series of unsaturated polyester resin (UPRs) based on propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, Phthalic anhydride, maleic anhydride with different composition ratio were prepared by polycondensation reaction. Physico-mechanical properties including viscosity, hardness, acid number, gel and peak time are strongly dependent on the content of maleic anhydride in UPR. As increasing the content of maleic anhydride, physico-mechanical properties increased. The obtained UPR was stable for more than 6 months.","PeriodicalId":6836,"journal":{"name":"6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENT (ICENV2018): Empowering Environment and Sustainable Engineering Nexus Through Green Technology","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83122603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production of syngas from ethanol CO2 reforming on La-doped Cu/Al2O3: Impact of promoter loading","authors":"M. N. Shafiqah, T. Nguyen, L. N. Jun, M. Bahari, P. Phuong, Bawadi Abdullah, D. Vo","doi":"10.1063/1.5117071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117071","url":null,"abstract":"Incipient wetness impregnation (IWI) method was applied to prepared 10%Cu/Al 2 O 3 whereas M%La-doped \u000010%Cu/Al 2 O 3 (Mwt%= 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5%) were synthesized by employing sequential IWI technique. The prepared catalysts were evaluated from ethanol CO 2 reforming (ECR) at 1023 K and stoichiometric feed ratio. Average crystallite size of CuO particle is reduced with La-promoter addition probably caused by lanthana dilution effect that prevent agglomeration from occur within CuO particles. H 2 reduction process produce complete CuO reduction and constant signal is appear beyond 525 K suggests that the catalysts were completely reduced beyond that temperature. 3%La catalyst identified as optimal promoter loading based on reactant conversions. C 2 H 5 OH and CO 2 conversions were achieved on 3%La loading is 87.6% and 55.1%, respectively. Carbon was identified on catalyst surface based on X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy \u0000(SEM).","PeriodicalId":6836,"journal":{"name":"6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENT (ICENV2018): Empowering Environment and Sustainable Engineering Nexus Through Green Technology","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83810759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancement of holocellulose accessibility in Chokanan mango (Mangifera indica) leaves via acid and alkaline pretreatment","authors":"M. Tarrsini, Q. Ng","doi":"10.1063/1.5117064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117064","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6836,"journal":{"name":"6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENT (ICENV2018): Empowering Environment and Sustainable Engineering Nexus Through Green Technology","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83577681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}