医疗社会史研究 Pub Date : 1997-12-01 DOI: 10.1093/SHM/10.3.419

B. B. Perkins

{"title":"Shaping institution-based specialism: early twentieth-century economic organization of medicine.","authors":"B. B. Perkins","doi":"10.1093/SHM/10.3.419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/SHM/10.3.419","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on structural development of institution-based medical specialism in the USA in the first third of the twentieth century. It examines organizational ideas of key reformers and specialty leaders and it examines corresponding characteristics of the institutions they built. The structural characteristics which they incorporated into medical care embodied forms of economic organization of the time. Leaders (variously) explained their reform activities in terms of scientific, professional, and/or economic development of medicine. The first section describes a form of specialization within academic medical centres as a vertical functional division of labour which divided medical work into procedures performed by a range of personnel. This division of labour and its required management changed the work of doctors and nurses and required a multiplication of 'auxiliary' hospital staff, as shown in the second section. The final section demonstrates how the departmental structure within academic medical centres provided a necessary institutional framework for vertical specialism. The literature has emphasized the fact that an industrial model was only partly implemented in medical care at the time. Nevertheless, the (industrial) characteristics identified had a significant impact on fundamental structures of twentieth-century medicine.","PeriodicalId":68213,"journal":{"name":"医疗社会史研究","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91282519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

The issue of never-married motherhood in Britain, 1920-70. 英国未婚母亲的问题，1920- 1970。

医疗社会史研究 Pub Date : 1997-12-01 DOI: 10.1093/SHM/10.3.401

J. Lewis, J. Welshman

引用次数: 18

The rise and fall of pink disease. 粉红病的兴衰。

医疗社会史研究 Pub Date : 1997-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/SHM/10.2.291

A. Dally

{"title":"The rise and fall of pink disease.","authors":"A. Dally","doi":"10.1093/SHM/10.2.291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/SHM/10.2.291","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the social and medical history and context of pink disease (acrodynia), a serious disease of infants and young children that baffled the medical world during the first half of the twentieth century until it was shown to be caused by mercury poisoning. In the English-speaking world the commonest source of the mercury was teething powders, which were widely available and advertised with increasing sophistication. Efforts to control them (such as the BMJ's campaign against 'Secret Remedies') were as yet unsuccessful. The article discusses the social conditions that influenced the existence and recognition of pink disease, the delay in finding its cause, the way in which it was explained as a virus infection or nutritional deficiency and why it seldom occurred outside the teething period. It discusses both professional and lay attitudes to health and diseases during the early twentieth century and provides a model of how the disease developed in a specific social setting and how the medical profession attempted to deal with it within the limitations of contemporary professional thought. The resistance to the evidence of mercury poisoning is typical of resistance to new medical knowledge and declined only when the opponents and sceptics grew old and disappeared from the scene. Meanwhile, the cause having been identified and accepted, pink disease disappeared, but its consequences emerged much later, in an unexpected quarter, as a cause of male infertility.","PeriodicalId":68213,"journal":{"name":"医疗社会史研究","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77775147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 37

Finding and using inter-war maternity records. 查找和使用战争期间的产妇记录。

医疗社会史研究 Pub Date : 1997-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/SHM/10.2.305

M. Kemp, D. Gunnell, G. Davey Smith, S. Frankel

引用次数: 9

Neglected roots of regionalism? The Commissioners for the special areas and grants to hospital services in the 1930s. 被忽视的地方主义根源?20世纪30年代负责特殊地区和医院服务拨款的专员。

医疗社会史研究 Pub Date : 1997-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/SHM/10.2.243

J. Mohan

引用次数: 10

An 'anthropathology' of the 'American Negro': anthropology, genetics, and the new racial science, 1940-1952. “美国黑人”的“人类病理学”:人类学、遗传学和新的种族科学，1940-1952。

医疗社会史研究 Pub Date : 1997-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/SHM/10.2.263

M. Tapper

引用次数: 12

What is colonial about colonial medicine? And what has happened to imperialism and health? 殖民医学有什么殖民的地方?帝国主义和健康又怎么了?

医疗社会史研究 Pub Date : 1997-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/SHM/10.2.205

S. Marks

引用次数: 130

'I remember it well': oral history in the history of pharmacy. “我记得很清楚”:药剂史中的口述历史。

医疗社会史研究 Pub Date : 1997-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/SHM/10.2.331

Stuart Anderson

引用次数: 3

Other than healing: medical practitioners and the business of life assurance during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. 除了治疗:19世纪和20世纪初的医疗从业者和人寿保险业务。

医疗社会史研究 Pub Date : 1997-04-01 DOI: 10.1093/SHM/10.1.79

M. Dupree

{"title":"Other than healing: medical practitioners and the business of life assurance during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.","authors":"M. Dupree","doi":"10.1093/SHM/10.1.79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/SHM/10.1.79","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to explore briefly the nature, development and implications of the relationship between medical practitioners and life assurance companies. The aim is to elucidate the development both of the medical profession and the life insurance business--two important aspects of economic and social change in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries which are usually treated separately. The focus is primarily, though not exclusively, on Scottish companies as they carried out a disproportionately large amount of the UK life assurance business by the mid-nineteenth century. The insurance industry's increasing, and increasingly systematic, tapping of medical expertise enabled it to raise profits by reducing losses on standard policies and by venturing out into types of business previously thought too risky. While nineteenth-century medical therapeutics may have left much to be desired, medical involvement in insurance suggests that medical practitioners were by no means ineffective. At the same time, a substantial proportion of the medical profession gained valuable part-time appointments which helped to alter the diagnostic techniques of the profession more generally. Thus insurance turns out to be an especially important element in the 'non-healing' aspects of medicine, with spin-offs for the healing side as well.","PeriodicalId":68213,"journal":{"name":"医疗社会史研究","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75758471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 18

'Sickness is a baffling matter'. A reply to James C. Riley. “疾病是一件令人费解的事情。”回复詹姆斯·c·莱利。

医疗社会史研究 Pub Date : 1997-04-01 DOI: 10.1093/shm/10.1.157

R. Woods

引用次数: 1

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