农业化学和环境(英文)最新文献_第7页

Nutritional, Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Properties of Some Popular Pulse Varieties of Bangladesh 孟加拉国一些流行豆类品种的营养、植物化学物质和抗氧化性能

农业化学和环境(英文) Pub Date : 2020-09-07 DOI: 10.4236/jacen.2020.94025

Tanvir Ahmmed, Asma Rahman, U. Salma, Zakia Akter, Mesbah Uddin Ansary, Md. Ibrahim Khalil, Nurul Karim, L. Bari

引用次数: 5

Effect of Organic and Chemical Fertilizer Application on Growth, Yield, and Soil Biochemical Properties of Landrace Brassica napus L. Leaf-and-Stem Vegetable and Landrace (Norabona) 有机肥和化肥施用对地方油菜和叶茎蔬菜生长、产量及土壤生化特性的影响

农业化学和环境(英文) Pub Date : 2020-09-07 DOI: 10.4236/jacen.2020.94023

Takamitsu Kai, M. Tamaki

{"title":"Effect of Organic and Chemical Fertilizer Application on Growth, Yield, and Soil Biochemical Properties of Landrace Brassica napus L. Leaf-and-Stem Vegetable and Landrace (Norabona)","authors":"Takamitsu Kai, M. Tamaki","doi":"10.4236/jacen.2020.94023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jacen.2020.94023","url":null,"abstract":"Norabona is generally cultivated in Japan under management systems that use chemical fertilizers and synthetic chemical pesticides. However, the continuous use of these fertilizers and pesticides damages the soil environment and reduces the number of soil microorganisms. There has been little research investigating the effect of organic and chemical fertilizer applications on soil biochemistry and the growth and yield of norabona. In this study, we investigated the effect of organic and chemical fertilizer application on these factors during the norabona growing season from September 2019 to May 2020. Leaf length, shoot height, and shoot width were significantly higher under organic fertilizer management in the early stage of cultivation (in March) than under chemical fertilizer management. However, there was no significant difference between treatments for these growth parameters in later months, nor for any other parameters. Soil TN, and TP contents were significantly higher in the organic fertilizer treatment after harvest than prior to cultivation or after the chemical fertilizer treatment. In addition, soil TC, and volumetric water content were significantly higher in the organic fertilizer treatment than in chemical fertilizer treatment. The higher TC, TN, and C/N ratio in organic fertilizer treated soil appeared to increase the bacterial biomass, leading to enhanced nutrient circulation via N and P circulation activity, producing a rich soil environment with active soil microorganisms.","PeriodicalId":68148,"journal":{"name":"农业化学和环境(英文)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41854573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

A Study on Rice Growth and Soil Environments in Paddy Fields Using Different Organic and Chemical Fertilizers 不同有机肥和化肥对稻田水稻生长和土壤环境的影响

农业化学和环境(英文) Pub Date : 2020-09-07 DOI: 10.4236/jacen.2020.94024

Takamitsu Kai, Motoki Kumano, M. Tamaki

{"title":"A Study on Rice Growth and Soil Environments in Paddy Fields Using Different Organic and Chemical Fertilizers","authors":"Takamitsu Kai, Motoki Kumano, M. Tamaki","doi":"10.4236/jacen.2020.94024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jacen.2020.94024","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, the majority of paddy fields in Japan are grown using chemical fertilizers and synthetic chemical pesticides, since chemical fertilizers can provide the nutrients necessary for plant growth. However, there are concerns regarding the environmental impact of chemical fertilizer and pesticides production, such as reduction of soil microorganisms and water pollution due to the runoff of fertilizer components from the soil caused by excessive fertilizer application. In this study, we investigated the effects of the application of organic and chemical fertilizers on the plant growth of paddy fields, in addition to their effects on the chemical and biological properties of the soil. The panicle numbers of rough and brown rice, the 1000-grain weight of the rough and brown rice, and the percentages of ripened grains were significantly higher in paddy soils grown with organic fertilizers than in those grown with chemical fertilizers. In addition, the total carbon (TC) contents and pH values were significantly higher in the soils of paddy fields grown with organic fertilizers. Furthermore, the soils of paddy fields grown with organic fertilizers exhibited greater bacterial biomasses, N circulation activity, and P circulation activity than the soils of paddy fields grown using chemical fertilizers, although the differences were not significant. In this study, the difference in plant growth was appeared in fertilizer application such as organic and chemical fertilizers. It was indicated that the organic fertilizer and pesticide reduction management increased the soil bacterial biomass and activated the material cycle such as N circulation activity.","PeriodicalId":68148,"journal":{"name":"农业化学和环境(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43238890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Oxytetracycline Water Contamination Treated with Biocarbon TiO2 and Solar Photodecomposition 生物碳TiO2与太阳光分解处理土环素类水污染

农业化学和环境(英文) Pub Date : 2020-09-07 DOI: 10.4236/jacen.2020.94022

N. Ortiz, I. Azevedo, M. G. Vieira, F. Maichin, L. Nascimento

引用次数: 0

Bioactive Compounds and Antifungal Activities of Extracts of Lamiaceae Species 夹竹桃科植物提取物的生物活性化合物及其抗真菌活性

农业化学和环境(英文) Pub Date : 2020-08-06 DOI: 10.4236/jacen.2020.93008

D. Blank, Gabriela Hörnke Alves, P. S. Nascente, R. Freitag, M. Cleff

{"title":"Bioactive Compounds and Antifungal Activities of Extracts of Lamiaceae Species","authors":"D. Blank, Gabriela Hörnke Alves, P. S. Nascente, R. Freitag, M. Cleff","doi":"10.4236/jacen.2020.93008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jacen.2020.93008","url":null,"abstract":"Origanum vulgare L. (oregano) and Rosmarinus officinalis L. (rosemary) are vegetal species belonging to the \u0000family Lamiaceae, popularly known as oregano and rosemary. Aromatic plants are used in the treatment and prevention of diseases and in the culinary as \u0000functional food in the preparation and conservation of foods. In the chemical \u0000composition of oregano and rosemary are present bioactive compounds with \u0000antimicrobial, antioxidant and flavoring effect. Several reports in the \u0000literature have presented the chemical composition and biological activity of \u0000the essential oils of oregano and rosemary. However, few studies have been \u0000carried out regarding the chemical composition and biological potential of the \u0000aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Origanum vulgare L. and Rosmarinus officinalis L. \u0000Evidencing a need to investigate the chemical composition and antifungal \u0000activity of these extracts. The objective of \u0000the study was to evaluate the bioactive compounds and antifungal activity of \u0000the aqueous and ethanolic extract of Origanum vulgare L. and Rosmarinus officinalis L. The aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Origanum vulgare L. and Rosmarinus officinalis L. present in the \u0000chemical composition phenolic acids and flavonoids. The antifungal test of the \u0000aqueous and ethanolic extract of Origanum vulgare L. and Rosmarinus officinalis L. presented antifungal \u0000potential against Candida globosa, Cryptococcus laurentii, Trichosporum assai, Rhodotorula sp., Candida albicans, Kodamaea ohmeri, Saccharomyces and Geotrichum. \u0000According to the results obtained in this study, it was concluded that the \u0000ethanolic extract of oregano and rosemary present antifungal activity against \u0000several yeasts tested, thus proving that these plant species must be carefully \u0000evaluated, aiming at a potential for use as an antimicrobial agent.","PeriodicalId":68148,"journal":{"name":"农业化学和环境(英文)","volume":"09 1","pages":"85-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48716553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Effect of Organic and Chemical Fertilizer Application on Growth, Yield, and Quality of Small-Sized Tomatoes 有机肥和化肥施用对小番茄生长、产量和品质的影响

农业化学和环境(英文) Pub Date : 2020-08-06 DOI: 10.4236/jacen.2020.93011

Takamitsu Kai, Shunya Nishimori, M. Tamaki

{"title":"Effect of Organic and Chemical Fertilizer Application on Growth, Yield, and Quality of Small-Sized Tomatoes","authors":"Takamitsu Kai, Shunya Nishimori, M. Tamaki","doi":"10.4236/jacen.2020.93011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jacen.2020.93011","url":null,"abstract":"Tomatoes in Japan are generally cultivated under management systems that \u0000use chemical fertilizers and synthetic chemical pesticides. However, the \u0000continuous use of these fertilizers and pesticides damages the soil environment \u0000and reduces the number of soil microorganisms. Organic farming has a relatively \u0000low environmental impact compared to conventional farming techniques, but \u0000typically has lower and more unstable yields. In this study, we investigated \u0000the effect of organic and chemical fertilizer application on growth, yield, and \u0000quality of small-sized (cherry) tomatoes. Cherry tomatoes were cultivated using \u0000organic and chemical organic fertilizers. Average weight and lateral diameter \u0000were significantly higher under organic fertilizer than under chemical \u0000fertilizer. In addition, shoot dry weight was significantly higher under \u0000organic fertilizer than chemical fertilizer. Lycopene content was significantly \u0000higher under organic fertilizer than chemical fertilizer. The total carbon \u0000(TC), total phosphorus (TP), total potassium (TK), available phosphoric (SP) \u0000and exchangeable potassium (SK) contents, C/N ratio, and pH were significantly \u0000higher under organic fertilizer than chemical fertilizer. Bacterial biomass, \u0000nitrite (NO? 2-N) \u0000oxidation activity, nitrification (N) circulation activity, and phosphoric (P) \u0000circulation were higher under organic fertilizer than chemical fertilizer. From \u0000these results, the study indicates that appropriate controls such as TC, total \u0000nitrogen (TN), and C/N ratio of organic fertilizer increased microbial biomass \u0000and enhanced nutrient circulation such as N circulation activity and P \u0000circulation activity. These results can be used to \u0000improve current organic farming practices and promote soil conservation.","PeriodicalId":68148,"journal":{"name":"农业化学和环境(英文)","volume":"9 1","pages":"121-133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41878719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Phytoremediation of Oil-Contaminated Soils by Combining Flowering Plant Cultivation and Inoculation with Acinetobacter junii Strain M-2 开花植物栽培与杜松不动杆菌M-2菌株接种相结合修复含油土壤

农业化学和环境(英文) Pub Date : 2020-08-06 DOI: 10.4236/jacen.2020.93010

Takamitsu Kai, Yuuki Okamoto, S. Murakami, M. Tamaki

{"title":"Phytoremediation of Oil-Contaminated Soils by Combining Flowering Plant Cultivation and Inoculation with Acinetobacter junii Strain M-2","authors":"Takamitsu Kai, Yuuki Okamoto, S. Murakami, M. Tamaki","doi":"10.4236/jacen.2020.93010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jacen.2020.93010","url":null,"abstract":"Oil contamination of the soil by petroleum products has become an \u0000enormous environmental problem. In this study, we examined whether remediation \u0000of oil-contaminated soils by cultivating three flowering plants (Mimosa, \u0000Gazania, and Zinnia) could be enhanced by inoculation with Acinetobacter junii strain M-2 at different plant growth stages (at \u0000sowing, at early growth, and at mid-growth). The growth of Zinnia cultivated in \u0000oil-contaminated soils inoculated at sowing was significantly superior to that \u0000in the non-inoculated soil. Although total petroleum hydrocarbon concentrations \u0000in soils inoculated at sowing were nominally lower than those in non-inoculated \u0000soils, especially in the case of Zinnia planting, the effect did not reach \u0000statistical significance. However, dehydrogenase activity was significantly \u0000higher in the soils inoculated with A. junii strain M-2 than in \u0000non-inoculated soils for all three plant species tested. These results \u0000demonstrate that a combination of ornamental plant cultivation (particularly \u0000Zinnia) and inoculation with A. junii strain M-2 increases the efficiency of oil-contaminated soil phytoremediation.","PeriodicalId":68148,"journal":{"name":"农业化学和环境(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48423871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Addition of Thiourea Host Monomer to Polymer Flocculants to Improve Selectivity of Phosphate Sorption 在聚合物絮凝剂中加入硫脲主体单体提高磷酸盐吸附选择性

农业化学和环境(英文) Pub Date : 2020-08-06 DOI: 10.4236/jacen.2020.93013

T. Goebel, K. McInnes, S. Senseman, R. Lascano, A. Cullen, T. Fuhrer, Sarah Pickle, Netochi O. Adeolokun, Todd A. Davis

{"title":"Addition of Thiourea Host Monomer to Polymer Flocculants to Improve Selectivity of Phosphate Sorption","authors":"T. Goebel, K. McInnes, S. Senseman, R. Lascano, A. Cullen, T. Fuhrer, Sarah Pickle, Netochi O. Adeolokun, Todd A. Davis","doi":"10.4236/jacen.2020.93013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jacen.2020.93013","url":null,"abstract":"Inorganic phosphate is a common nutrient that is applied as a fertilizer \u0000to both agricultural fields as well as urban settings such as private yards, \u0000public parks and other urban landscaping. While phosphate typically binds \u0000tightly to soil, movement of phosphate off of application sites can occur \u0000through soil erosion. The soil and its bound phosphate can then end up in \u0000surface waters such as rivers and lakes. Phosphate found in surface water \u0000bodies exists both as bound to the suspended clay as well as that free in \u0000solution. Elevated phosphate concentration in surface waters can lead to algal \u0000blooms and eutrophication. While the phosphate bound to clay in suspension in \u0000surface water bodies can be removed by commercially available polymer \u0000flocculants, the phosphate that is free in solution is more challenging as it \u0000is usually found in low concentrations and other anionic salts are generally \u0000present in higher concentrations. To remove phosphate from contaminated water \u0000systems, where other anions exist at higher concentrations, it is favorable to \u0000have a method of removal that is selective for phosphate. As a proof of \u0000principle, thiourea derivatized polymer flocculants were examined for the \u0000selective removal of phosphate in the presence of competing anions. The polymer \u0000flocculants exhibited selectivity for phosphate through hydrogen bonding and \u0000were effective at removing up to 43% of phosphate from simulated wastewater. \u0000Computational studies and 1H NMR were used to investigate the \u0000selectivity of the thiourea monomer for phosphate over competing anions such as \u0000chloride and sulfate.","PeriodicalId":68148,"journal":{"name":"农业化学和环境(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46824064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Profitability Analysis of Small Scale Irrigation Technology Adoption to Farmers in Nasho Sector, Rwanda 卢旺达纳什地区农民采用小规模灌溉技术的盈利能力分析

农业化学和环境(英文) Pub Date : 2020-04-09 DOI: 10.4236/jacen.2020.92007

Eliezel Habineza, J. N. Nsengiyumva, Eric Ruzigamanzi, Martin Vincent Nsanzumukiza

{"title":"Profitability Analysis of Small Scale Irrigation Technology Adoption to Farmers in Nasho Sector, Rwanda","authors":"Eliezel Habineza, J. N. Nsengiyumva, Eric Ruzigamanzi, Martin Vincent Nsanzumukiza","doi":"10.4236/jacen.2020.92007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jacen.2020.92007","url":null,"abstract":"The \u0000study aims to assess the effect of small scale irrigation adoption to farmers \u0000in Nasho sector, Kirehe District in Rwanda. The average yield was 12,309.73 \u0000Kg/2.62 ha or 4698.73 Kg/ha for adopters with the mean difference between \u0000adopters and non adopters ranged from 2819.63 Kg to 4766.59 Kg per unit area of \u0000production. For food security status, the average mean quantity of maize \u0000consumed at home level was 615.54 Kg with the mean difference ranged from \u0000377.29 Kg to 474.68 Kg. For market participation, the average treatment effect \u0000of the treated (ATT) of quantity of maize sold was 11,694.24 Kg while the mean difference \u0000ranged from 7165.98 Kg to 9015.60 Kg. The Average Treatment Effect of the \u0000Treated market price was 213 Frws/Kg while the mean difference ranged from \u000044.51 Frws/Kg to 48.3053 Frws/Kg. The Average Treatment Effect of the Treated \u0000of farmer’s revenues for the users was 938,772 Frws/ha, however, the mean \u0000difference between adopters and non adopters ranged from 1,732,942 Frws to \u00002,007,039 Frws. The Average Treatment Effect of the Treated of farmer’s net \u0000farm income was 1,066,393 Frws while mean difference between users and non \u0000users ranged from 803,967 Frws to 854,141 Frws. For profitability analysis, the \u0000cost benefit ratio (CBR) was taken into account. The total benefit per unit \u0000area was 2,434,509 Frws and total average mean cost of 1,382,313 Frws and CBR = \u00001.761 > 1. The findings of this study will help the policy makers for deeper \u0000sector planning and also, it will facilitate other stakeholders to invest in \u0000irrigation technology to improve the livelihoods of Rwandan farmers and other \u0000surroundings.","PeriodicalId":68148,"journal":{"name":"农业化学和环境(英文)","volume":"9 1","pages":"73-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48080116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Optical Determination of the Effects by Thermal Treatment (TT) in Honey of Apis mellifera Bees 热处理对蜜蜂蜂蜜影响的光学测定

农业化学和环境(英文) Pub Date : 2020-04-09 DOI: 10.4236/jacen.2020.92004

Pablo Broca Quevedo, M. B. Pensado, R. Romero, A. R. Martínez

引用次数: 1