农业化学和环境(英文)最新文献_第5页

Seedling’s Vigor of Tomato and Paprika Genotypes under a Simulated Model of Multiple Abiotic Stresses and Lower Dosage of Salicylic Acid (C₇H₆O₃) 多重非生物胁迫和低剂量水杨酸(C7H6O3)模拟下番茄和辣椒基因型幼苗活力的研究

农业化学和环境(英文) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4236/jacen.2022.112007

M. Massimi, L. Radócz

引用次数: 0

Comparative Analysis of Amino Acid Composition in the Head, Muscle and Tail of Fresh African Cat Fish (Clarias gariepinus) 新鲜非洲猫鱼(Clarias gariepinus)头、肌、尾氨基酸组成的比较分析

农业化学和环境(英文) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4236/jacen.2022.114016

A. Adepoju, O. D. Isinkaye, Bankole Emmanuel Ofeniforo, Oluwaseun Adeyiola, Eleojo Samuel Agada, Dorcas Oluwaseun Ayo-Dada

引用次数: 0

Bio-Compost as a Soil Supplement to Improve Growth and Yield of Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) 生物堆肥对番茄生长和产量的促进作用

农业化学和环境(英文) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4236/jacen.2022.112005

Hamidatu S. Darimani, Abdulai Adams, Abdul Rahaman, James Nwang, Rachad Yunus

{"title":"Bio-Compost as a Soil Supplement to Improve Growth and Yield of Tomato (<i>Lycopersicum esculentum</i>)","authors":"Hamidatu S. Darimani, Abdulai Adams, Abdul Rahaman, James Nwang, Rachad Yunus","doi":"10.4236/jacen.2022.112005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jacen.2022.112005","url":null,"abstract":"Tomato is one of the most important fruit crops in the world which is consumed in a variety of ways. The high cost of chemical fertilizers has led to some farmers turning to alternative methods of production, such as the use of bio-fertilizers. Most organic waste may be changed into fertilizer at a low cost of production. The objectives of this study were to determine: 1) the effect of the application of bio-compost on growth, yield, and quality of tomato; 2) to determine the effects of different bio-compost applications on growth, yield and quality of tomato. The field was marked out into eight blocks. It consisted of four treatments with two replications per treatment. The bio-fertilizer was applied to plots and in-corporated into the soil. This study showed that the application of bio-fertilizers made from food waste only, cow dung only, and food waste and cow dung improved plant growth, number of leaves, plant height and fruit yield. However, the differences were not statistically significant except for the number of leaves. The study also revealed that the application of bio-fertilizer lowered the number of days to flowering, fruiting, and ripening by 50% as compared to the control group. Promoting the adoption and use of bio-compost made from different waste stream hold the promise to increasing tomato production.","PeriodicalId":68148,"journal":{"name":"农业化学和环境(英文)","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70752110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Adsorption Characteristics of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxybutric Acid Using Bamboo Activated Carbon in a Fixed Bed 竹材活性炭在固定床上吸附2,4-二氯苯二甲酸的特性

农业化学和环境(英文) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4236/jacen.2022.113012

Tae Young Kim, Sung-Yong Cho

引用次数: 0

Physical Characteristics and the Effect of Boiling and Fermentation on the Nutritional Value of Telfairia occidentalis Seeds 西葫芦种子的物理特性及煮沸发酵对其营养价值的影响

农业化学和环境(英文) Pub Date : 2021-09-17 DOI: 10.4236/jacen.2021.104025

M. Achu, Ruth Viviane Djuikwo, Stéphane Ghomsi Tamo, C. Fotso, Michelle Carole Djouhou Fowe, E. Fokou

{"title":"Physical Characteristics and the Effect of Boiling and Fermentation on the Nutritional Value of Telfairia occidentalis Seeds","authors":"M. Achu, Ruth Viviane Djuikwo, Stéphane Ghomsi Tamo, C. Fotso, Michelle Carole Djouhou Fowe, E. Fokou","doi":"10.4236/jacen.2021.104025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jacen.2021.104025","url":null,"abstract":"This work evaluates some physical parameters (the weight, length, diameter of fruits and seeds, number of seeds per fruit) and the effect of boiling and fermentation on the nutritional value of Telfairia occidentalis (fluted pumpkin) seeds. Firstly, a survey was done in the city of Yaounde on the different treatments applied to the seeds before cooking. From the results of the survey, the seeds were divided into three groups: raw, boiled and fermented. The moisture, lipid, protein, fibre, carbohydrate and ash contents were analysed using AOAC methods and minerals by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results showed that T. occidentalis fruit averagely weighed 6.35 kg and contained about 90 seeds. The decorticated seeds had an ovoid shape, 3.70 cm long and weighed 8.91 g. Boiling led to an increase in lipid (16.29% - 31.44%) and carbohydrate (19.20% - 21.8%) but a decrease in protein (54.06% - 34.17%) contents. Fermentation increased the crude fibre (0.70% - 1.1%) but decreased the ash content (4.07% - 3.14% DM). Boiled seeds had higher calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium, while fermented seeds had higher zinc levels. Boiling proved better in preserving most of the seed nutrients. These seeds could be used to prevent some mineral deficiencies and their high proteins suggest their potential for the formulation of infant foods.","PeriodicalId":68148,"journal":{"name":"农业化学和环境(英文)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41690189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Changes in Osmotic Adjustment and Antioxidant Enzyme in Maize (Zea mays L.) Root Exposed to K Deficiency 缺钾玉米根系渗透调节和抗氧化酶的变化

农业化学和环境(英文) Pub Date : 2021-06-24 DOI: 10.4236/jacen.2021.103023

D. Qi, Zou Tuo, Geng Leiyue, Z. Wei, Xiao-guang Wang, Haiqiu Yu, Xinhua Zhao

{"title":"Changes in Osmotic Adjustment and Antioxidant Enzyme in Maize (Zea mays L.) Root Exposed to K Deficiency","authors":"D. Qi, Zou Tuo, Geng Leiyue, Z. Wei, Xiao-guang Wang, Haiqiu Yu, Xinhua Zhao","doi":"10.4236/jacen.2021.103023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jacen.2021.103023","url":null,"abstract":"Potassium (K) deficiency damaged membrane stability through irregular reactive oxygen species (ROS) caused by K deficiency stress while osmotic adjustment and antioxidant capacities play an essential role in preventing plants from osmotic stress and oxidative damages. To investigate the difference of osmoprotectants and antioxidant enzyme activities in the root, two representative maize varieties, 90-21-3 (K-tolerant) and D937 (K-sensitive), were hydroponically cultivated under normal K (+K) and K deficiency (-K) treatments in Shenyang Agriculture University, China. The results showed that root accumulation, soluble protein in root of 90-21-3 and D937 were decreased under K deficiency stress, but the root to shoot ratio, proline, free amino acid, soluble sugar, reactive oxygen species (ROS) in root for both genotypes were increased. Compared with the root of D937, the root of 90-21-3 was able to swiftly accumulate more proline, free amino acid and soluble sugar in the root when encountering K deficiency. The antioxidant enzyme activity in the root of 90-21-3, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), were significantly increased to counter increased levels of O2·- and H2O2 under K deficiency stress. The presented results indicated that osmotic regulator and antioxidant enzyme were actively responded to K deficiency stress, 90-21-3 (K-tolerant maize) accumulated more osmoprotectants and enhanced the activity of antioxidant enzymes to degrade ROS, alleviating oxidative stress.","PeriodicalId":68148,"journal":{"name":"农业化学和环境(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48653824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characterization of the Allelopathic Potential of Sugarcane Leaves and Roots 甘蔗叶片和根系化感电位的表征

农业化学和环境(英文) Pub Date : 2021-06-24 DOI: 10.4236/jacen.2021.103016

N. Hijano, M. Nepomuceno, C. Cantrell, S. Duke, P. Alves

引用次数: 2

Effects of Calcium Nitrate Levels and Soaking Durations on Cocopeat Nutrient Content 硝酸钙水平和浸泡时间对椰肉养分含量的影响

农业化学和环境(英文) Pub Date : 2021-06-24 DOI: 10.4236/jacen.2021.103024

Sheku N. Gbollie, S. Mwonga, A. M. Kibe

{"title":"Effects of Calcium Nitrate Levels and Soaking Durations on Cocopeat Nutrient Content","authors":"Sheku N. Gbollie, S. Mwonga, A. M. Kibe","doi":"10.4236/jacen.2021.103024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jacen.2021.103024","url":null,"abstract":"Cocopeat, a by-product of the coconut (Cocos nucifera L.), is an important soilless media that contains high potassium (K), sodium (Na), and electrical conductivity (EC) depending on its source. Methods for extracting these elements and thus lowering EC are yet to be standardized. This study was therefore carried out to investigate two extraction methods of these elements in cocopeat. A greenhouse pot experiment was carried out at the Climate and Water Smart Agriculture Centre of Egerton University, Kenya. It was laid out in a 5 × 4 factorial completely randomized design. Five soaking durations (12, 24, 36, 48, and 72 hours) and four calcium nitrate (Ca(NO3)2) levels (0, 60, 100, and 150 g) were used. The experiment was done in two folds: the leachate and treated cocopeat examination for their chemical properties. The General Linear Model procedures were used for Analysis of Variance at (P ≤ 0.05). The results showed that the addition of Ca(NO3)2 100 g extracted significantly more K and Na in the leachate than Ca(NO3)2 0.0 g and 60 g. The EC levels in the leachate increased with the application levels of Ca(NO3)2 while the pH levels were reducing. In the treated cocopeat, Ca(NO3)2 100 g and soaking duration 36 hours significantly reduced K and Na and sufficiently supplemented Ca and N. Irrespective of Ca(NO3)2 and soaking durations, after the cocopeat is washed, the EC and pH values fall within their suitable ranges. There was a strong negative correlation between Ca and Na, Ca and K, and between Na and EC. Also, strong positive correlation between Ca and N and Ca and EC. Effective supplementation of Ca and N, and optimal reduction of K and Na by 78.44% and 92%, respectively can be achieved with 100 g of Ca(NO3)2 1.5 kg-1 of cocopeat in 15 liters of water with a soaking duration of 36 hours.","PeriodicalId":68148,"journal":{"name":"农业化学和环境(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43706400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Chemical Composition Assessment by Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence of Agricultural Soils in the Mining Town of Moanda, Gabon 加蓬莫安达矿业镇农业土壤的波长色散x射线荧光化学成分评价

农业化学和环境(英文) Pub Date : 2021-06-24 DOI: 10.4236/jacen.2021.103022

Albert Novy Messi Me Ndong, Adam Bouraima, C. Bissielou, J. Anguilè, T. Makani

引用次数: 1

Assessment of Phytosanitary Practices in Peri-Urban Agriculture and Associated Environmental and Health Impacts in Developing Countries: Case of Abengourou City (Côte d’Ivoire) 评估发展中国家城市周边农业的植物检疫做法及其对环境和健康的相关影响：以阿本古鲁市（科特迪瓦）为例

农业化学和环境(英文) Pub Date : 2021-06-24 DOI: 10.4236/jacen.2021.103017

J. Ouattara, FranckMichael Zahui, Jean Rufin Kouassi Kouame, L. Coulibaly

{"title":"Assessment of Phytosanitary Practices in Peri-Urban Agriculture and Associated Environmental and Health Impacts in Developing Countries: Case of Abengourou City (Côte d’Ivoire)","authors":"J. Ouattara, FranckMichael Zahui, Jean Rufin Kouassi Kouame, L. Coulibaly","doi":"10.4236/jacen.2021.103017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jacen.2021.103017","url":null,"abstract":"The use of phytosanitary products remains uncontrolled and abusive in the practice of market gardening in most developing countries. However, it remains one of the potential sources of environmental contamination and public health problems. This study examines the health and environmental risks associated with the use of phytosanitary products in market gardening in the town of Abengourou in Cote d’Ivoire. Field surveys carried out among all (30) market gardener sites housed 150 farmers showed that when the products were spread, no health and safety measures were observed. Approximately 80% of the respondents did not wear gloves or face masks. Some products used were not approved for market gardening. Farmers had itching, dizziness, headaches, colds and vomiting on a regular basis when applying the products. The study also revealed the presence of empty packaging in the surrounding surface water and on the ground. In addition to producers, this type of uncontrolled market gardening likely exposes consumers to high health risks and also contributes to environmental degradation. Raising awareness among stakeholders of good agricultural practices could help promote sustainable market gardening. However, studies of the effects of products in such an environment on the health of consumers deserve to be carried out.","PeriodicalId":68148,"journal":{"name":"农业化学和环境(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49584346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1