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Wearable Antenna Measurements in Vicinity of Human Body 可穿戴天线在人体附近的测量
无线工程与技术(英文) Pub Date : 2016-06-30 DOI: 10.4236/WET.2016.73010
A. Sabban
{"title":"Wearable Antenna Measurements in Vicinity of Human Body","authors":"A. Sabban","doi":"10.4236/WET.2016.73010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/WET.2016.73010","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents measurements techniques of wearable antennas and RF medical systems in vicinity of human body. The antennas radiation characteristics on human body have been measured by using a phantom. The phantom electrical characteristics represent the human body electrical characteristics. The phantom has a cylindrical shape with a 40 cm diameter and a length of 1.5 m. The phantom electrical characteristics are similar to the human body electrical characteristics. The antenna under test was placed on the phantom during the measurements of the antennas radiation characteristics. The phantom was employed to compare the electrical performance of several new wearable antennas. The phantom was also employed to measure the electrical performance of several antenna belts in vicinity of human body. The results of antenna with thinner belt are better than the results of the same antenna array with thicker belt.","PeriodicalId":68067,"journal":{"name":"无线工程与技术(英文)","volume":"33 1","pages":"97-104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70839898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Development of a Printed Coil for Wirelessly Charging a Tracking Elderly Patch 一种用于老人追踪贴片无线充电的印刷线圈的研制
无线工程与技术(英文) Pub Date : 2016-04-01 DOI: 10.4236/WET.2016.72009
Bouchta Hajjine, C. Escriba, S. Charlot, A. Hémeryck, J. Roux, S. Zedek, J. Fourniols
{"title":"Development of a Printed Coil for Wirelessly Charging a Tracking Elderly Patch","authors":"Bouchta Hajjine, C. Escriba, S. Charlot, A. Hémeryck, J. Roux, S. Zedek, J. Fourniols","doi":"10.4236/WET.2016.72009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/WET.2016.72009","url":null,"abstract":"Monitoring systems for elderly require a compromise between reduced size and operational autonomy. The latter to get a system as independent as possible and to fit with our application needs for daily use. Our patch is developed as a surveillance system for old people; we chose to equip it with a wireless charging system for greater ease of use, imperceptible in the everyday life and waterproofing. This paper presents the development of a printed receiver coil to be integrated in a wireless charger to be used in an elderly tracking patch. The proposed design is validated using simulation that presents a good agreement with measurement results: Simulation (@150 KHz: L = 10.74 µH; R = 3 Ω) and Measurement (@150 KHz: L = 10.8 µH; R = 3.16 Ω). The receiver coil is elaborated on a polyimide substrate in the cleanroom of our laboratory LAAS-CNRS (Laboratory for Analysis and Architecture of Systems-National Center for Scientific Research) and a PCB (Printed Circuit Board) charger prototype is fabricated to test its performances before the integration of the wireless charging property in the tracking patch. The proposed coil presents a good compromise between small size and efficiency. For a charging current of 7.5 mA, this coil can ensure the recharging of the patch up to a distance of 4.8 mm between the Qi transmitter and receiver which is more than enough for our application.","PeriodicalId":68067,"journal":{"name":"无线工程与技术(英文)","volume":"07 1","pages":"83-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70839890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
New Wideband Notch Antennas for Communication Systems 通信系统用新型宽带陷波天线
无线工程与技术(英文) Pub Date : 2016-04-01 DOI: 10.4236/WET.2016.72008
A. Sabban
{"title":"New Wideband Notch Antennas for Communication Systems","authors":"A. Sabban","doi":"10.4236/WET.2016.72008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/WET.2016.72008","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless \u0000communication industry is in rapid growth in the last years. Due to the huge \u0000progress in development of communication systems in the last decade development \u0000of wideband communication systems is continuous growth. However, development of \u0000wideband efficient antennas is one of the major challenges in development of \u0000wideband wireless communication systems. Low cost compact antennas are crucial \u0000in the development of communication systems. Printed notch antennas and \u0000miniaturization techniques are employed to develop efficient compact notch \u0000antennas. Fractal technology is used to improve the electrical performance and \u0000efficiency of notch antennas. Design tradeoffs, computed and measured results \u0000of wideband notch antennas with high efficiency are presented in this paper. \u0000All antennas are analyzed by using 3D full-wave software. The paper presents \u0000new compact Ultra-Wideband notch antenna 1 GHz to 6 GHz, a wideband notch \u0000antenna 2.1 GHz to 7.8 GHz and a 5.8 GHz to 18 GHz fractal notch antenna.","PeriodicalId":68067,"journal":{"name":"无线工程与技术(英文)","volume":"07 1","pages":"75-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70839989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Performance of Analysis Cognitive Radio with Cooperative Sensing under Malicious Attacks over Nakagami Faded Channels 基于协同感知的分析认知无线电在中上衰落信道恶意攻击下的性能
无线工程与技术(英文) Pub Date : 2016-04-01 DOI: 10.4236/WET.2016.72007
Hagar O. Shazly, Asmaa M. Saafan, H. Badawy, H. E. Hennawy
{"title":"Performance of Analysis Cognitive Radio with Cooperative Sensing under Malicious Attacks over Nakagami Faded Channels","authors":"Hagar O. Shazly, Asmaa M. Saafan, H. Badawy, H. E. Hennawy","doi":"10.4236/WET.2016.72007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/WET.2016.72007","url":null,"abstract":"The different realistic \u0000propagation channels are faced frequently the multipath fading environments. \u0000The main goal of this system design (cognitive radio network) is to improve the \u0000efficiency of spectrum access on a non-interfering basis. This system achieves \u0000high utilization for the limited spectrum in order to fulfill needs for all users’ \u0000demands which are considered as a problem in wireless communications due to \u0000rapidly increasing in wireless applications and service. This system is exposed \u0000to attack due to the vulnerabilities existence in this system. So, the main \u0000outcome of this paper is to investigate the performance of the cooperative \u0000sensing in cognitive radio networks under malicious attacks over different channel \u0000impairments, and to illustrate the most suitable individual probability of \u0000detection  in real faded channel by using Nakagami model. \u0000This paper illustrates the effectiveness of the attacks and fading on the \u0000performance of spectrum sensing process.","PeriodicalId":68067,"journal":{"name":"无线工程与技术(英文)","volume":"07 1","pages":"67-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70839981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Rain Attenuation in the Microwave-to-Terahertz Waveband 微波到太赫兹波段的雨衰减
无线工程与技术(英文) Pub Date : 2016-04-01 DOI: 10.4236/WET.2016.72006
S. Ishii, M. Kinugawa, S. Wakiyama, S. Sayama, T. Kamei
{"title":"Rain Attenuation in the Microwave-to-Terahertz Waveband","authors":"S. Ishii, M. Kinugawa, S. Wakiyama, S. Sayama, T. Kamei","doi":"10.4236/WET.2016.72006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/WET.2016.72006","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, there has been increased interest in the terahertz waveband for application to ultra-high-speed wireless communications and remote sensing systems. However, atmospheric propagation at these wavelengths has a significant effect on the operational stability of systems using the terahertz waveband, so elucidating the effects of rain on propagation is a topic of high interest. We demonstrate various methods for calculating attenuation due to rain and evaluate these methods through comparison with calculated and experimental values. We find that in the 90 - 225 GHz microwave band, values calculated according to Mie scattering theory using the Best and P-S sleet raindrop size distributions best agree with experimental values. At 313 and 355 GHz terahertz-waveband frequencies, values calculated according to Mie scattering theory using the Weibull distribution and a prediction model following ITU-R recommendations best agree with experimental values. We furthermore find that attenuation due to rain increases in proportion to frequency for microwave-band frequencies below approximately 50 GHz, but that there is a peak at around 100 GHz, above which the degree of attenuation remains steady or decreases. Rain-induced attenuation increases in proportion to the rainfall intensity.","PeriodicalId":68067,"journal":{"name":"无线工程与技术(英文)","volume":"07 1","pages":"59-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70839974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
Issues and Challenges in Node Connectivity in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks: A Holistic Review 移动自组织网络中节点连接的问题和挑战:整体综述
无线工程与技术(英文) Pub Date : 2016-01-22 DOI: 10.4236/WET.2016.71003
Mohit Jain, S. Chand
{"title":"Issues and Challenges in Node Connectivity in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks: A Holistic Review","authors":"Mohit Jain, S. Chand","doi":"10.4236/WET.2016.71003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/WET.2016.71003","url":null,"abstract":"One of the fundamental properties of an ad hoc network is its connectivity. Maintaining connectivity in wireless networks is extremely difficult due to dynamic changing topology of MANETs. There are several techniques to understand the connectivity level for a given network topology. In this paper, we examine the existing methods and discuss the issues and challenges that are still insurmountable in order to enhance the connectivity properties of wireless multi hop networks.","PeriodicalId":68067,"journal":{"name":"无线工程与技术(英文)","volume":"07 1","pages":"24-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70839802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 17
Bi-Function Multi-Beam Graphene Lens Antenna for Terahertz Applications 用于太赫兹的双功能多波束石墨烯透镜天线
无线工程与技术(英文) Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.4236/WET.2016.71004
S. Zainud-Deen, W. Hassan, H. Malhat
{"title":"Bi-Function Multi-Beam Graphene Lens Antenna for Terahertz Applications","authors":"S. Zainud-Deen, W. Hassan, H. Malhat","doi":"10.4236/WET.2016.71004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/WET.2016.71004","url":null,"abstract":"Bi-function Compact graphene lens antenna in terahertz (THz) band has been investigated. The array function is switched between two status, reflectarray and/or transmitarray. The tunability of graphene conductivity introduces the bi-function characteristics of a single array structure in the THz band. The design depends on changing the graphene DC biasing voltage to transform the transmitting antenna to reflecting antenna. The compact structure of the antenna array saves the cost and the allocation area for the terahertz communication applications. A 13 × 13 reflectarray/ transmitarray antenna covering an area of 364 × 364 μm2 is proposed. A dual-beams reflectarray/transmitarray antenna is achieved by rearranging the cell elements of the array successively. Finally, a single structure is used to work as reflectarray and transmitarray antenna at the same time by rearranging the applied voltages between the different pieces of the graphene sheet using chess board arrangement. The phases of the successive unit-cells are kept the same of their locations in the original full array. The radiation characteristics of the array are investigated using the CST Microwave Studio for the bi-function operation.","PeriodicalId":68067,"journal":{"name":"无线工程与技术(英文)","volume":"07 1","pages":"36-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70839810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Tri-Band Parallel Slots Loaded Circular Disk Patch Antenna for C and X-Band Applications 用于C和x波段应用的三波段平行槽加载圆形圆盘贴片天线
无线工程与技术(英文) Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.4236/WET.2016.71002
N. Yadav
{"title":"Tri-Band Parallel Slots Loaded Circular Disk Patch Antenna for C and X-Band Applications","authors":"N. Yadav","doi":"10.4236/WET.2016.71002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/WET.2016.71002","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the tri-band slot loaded patch antenna for mobile communication. The antenna consists of parallel slots loaded circular disk with defected ground structure antenna (DGS). The antenna without DGS, acts like wide band antenna and bandwidth is 34.45% (3.47 - 4.92 GHz) with maximum gain of 4.97 dBi, which can be used in WiMax application. This structure has the following advantages: 1) co-axial feeding technique, which is very simple as compared to other feeding technique, 2) simple and cost effective and 3) it is more efficient than the antenna without DGS. This antenna has been analyzed using IE3D simulation software.","PeriodicalId":68067,"journal":{"name":"无线工程与技术(英文)","volume":"07 1","pages":"12-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70839797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
New Approach on Development a Dual Axis Solar Tracking Prototype 双轴太阳跟踪样机研制的新思路
无线工程与技术(英文) Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.4236/WET.2016.71001
N. Barsoum, Rinoe Nizam, Elvin Gerard
{"title":"New Approach on Development a Dual Axis Solar Tracking Prototype","authors":"N. Barsoum, Rinoe Nizam, Elvin Gerard","doi":"10.4236/WET.2016.71001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/WET.2016.71001","url":null,"abstract":"To track the sun in two directions that is elevation and azimuth, a dual-axis tracking prototype is developed to capture the maximum sun rays by tracking the movement of the sun in four different directions. One axis is azimuth which allows the solar panel to move left and right. The other axis is elevation and allows the panel to turn up and down. The result of this new development provides the solar panels with extensive freedom of movement. This new approach will make use of the Light Depending Resistor (LDR) which is important to detect the sun light by following the source of the sun light location. AutoCAD software is being used to design the draft in 2-dimension (2D) for the hardware dual axis solar tacker. Sketch Up software is being used to sketch the drawing to be more real in 3-dimension (3D). Proteus software is being used to design the circuit for the Arduino UNO microcontrollers and H-BridgeIC chip. This implemented system can save more energy and probably offers more reduction in cost. The paper discusses the process of hardware development and the control process of tracking the sun, as well as the circuit design.","PeriodicalId":68067,"journal":{"name":"无线工程与技术(英文)","volume":"07 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70839763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
On the Design of Slot Cut Circularly Polarized Circular Microstrip Antennas 开槽圆极化圆微带天线的设计
无线工程与技术(英文) Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.4236/WET.2016.71005
A. Deshmukh, S. Shaikh, A. Desai, K. Lele, S. Agrawal
{"title":"On the Design of Slot Cut Circularly Polarized Circular Microstrip Antennas","authors":"A. Deshmukh, S. Shaikh, A. Desai, K. Lele, S. Agrawal","doi":"10.4236/WET.2016.71005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/WET.2016.71005","url":null,"abstract":"Circularly polarized microstrip antenna is frequently realized by cutting the slot inside the patch and feeding it along the diagonal axis. In the reported literature, procedure to design them at any given frequency is not available. In proposed work, circularly polarized slot cut circular microstrip antenna at 900 MHz is discussed. By studying the surface current distributions at two orthogonal modes, formulations in their resonant length are proposed. The frequencies calculated using them closely agree with simulated results. Using proposed formulation, procedure to design circular polarized antennas at different frequencies is presented that gives circular polarized response. Thus, proposed work will be helpful to design similar circular polarized circular microstrip antenna at any desired frequency.","PeriodicalId":68067,"journal":{"name":"无线工程与技术(英文)","volume":"07 1","pages":"46-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70839816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
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