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Determination of the Anti-Adhesive and Anti-Biofilm Capacity of a Wheat Extract on Staphylococcus aureus in Farms 小麦提取物对农场金黄色葡萄球菌抗黏附和抗生物膜能力的测定
材料科学与化学工程(英文) Pub Date : 2021-09-14 DOI: 10.4236/msce.2021.99002
M. Torras, E. Angulo, S. Orúe, Xavier Torras Bombardó
{"title":"Determination of the Anti-Adhesive and Anti-Biofilm Capacity of a Wheat Extract on Staphylococcus aureus in Farms","authors":"M. Torras, E. Angulo, S. Orúe, Xavier Torras Bombardó","doi":"10.4236/msce.2021.99002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/msce.2021.99002","url":null,"abstract":"The formation of biofilm by pathogenic microorganisms has become a problem in the livestock industry since it is considered a potential source of infection for farm animals while increasing microbial resistance to physical and chemical agents. Some plant extracts, such as soluble wheat extract, have been shown to be effective in inhibiting or destroying the biofilm of certain micro-organisms under specific conditions. The objective of this study is to evaluate the capacity of the pathogen to form biofilm on different surfaces used in livestock, as well as to evaluate the anti-biofilm capacity of the soluble wheat extract against S. aureus on these surfaces. The inhibition potential of inhibition or destruction of biofilm was tested in vitro. Wheat extract at a concentration of 0.29 mg/100mL showed anti-biofilm activity on S. aureus, inhibiting its formation, as well as destroying it greatly after a contact time of 24 hours, on those surfaces where the microorganism presents more adhesion capacity.","PeriodicalId":66693,"journal":{"name":"材料科学与化学工程(英文)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70519515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lichen-Based Nano-Particles, an Emerging Antibacterial Approach 地衣基纳米粒子，一种新兴的抗菌方法
材料科学与化学工程(英文) Pub Date : 2021-08-06 DOI: 10.4236/msce.2021.98002
T. Ahsan, Liu He, Yu Miao, Bingxue Li, Yuanhua Wu
{"title":"Lichen-Based Nano-Particles, an Emerging Antibacterial Approach","authors":"T. Ahsan, Liu He, Yu Miao, Bingxue Li, Yuanhua Wu","doi":"10.4236/msce.2021.98002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/msce.2021.98002","url":null,"abstract":"Bacterial pathogens produced resistance against the existing antimicrobial applications. Scientist trending towards the potent novel eco-friendly and cost effective antimicrobial approaches and fabricating bio-based nano-particles. In this regard, several bio-materials have been investigated, such as, bacteria, fungi, algae, lichens and green plants. Lichens are introduced as an emerging source to synthesis bio-based nano-particles. The lichen-based metal nano-materials, especially fabricated by applying green chemistry strategies, have resulted significant alternates to traditional antimicrobial applications. Several studies break out and revealed that lichen-based nano-particle showed strong antimicrobial efficacy, as the lichens are biologically compatible. Current review summarizes an overview of lichen-based nano-materials, their fabrication, their applications, and their molecular action mechanism. As it emerged a broad spectrum antimicrobial agent for pharmaceutical and agricultural applications.","PeriodicalId":66693,"journal":{"name":"材料科学与化学工程(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45022761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Computational Study of the Formation Reaction of Polyacid Precursors of Glass-Ionomer Materials 玻璃离聚体材料聚酸前体形成反应的计算研究
材料科学与化学工程(英文) Pub Date : 2021-08-06 DOI: 10.4236/msce.2021.98001
Jair Gaviria, J. Quijano, Pablo Ruiz
{"title":"Computational Study of the Formation Reaction of Polyacid Precursors of Glass-Ionomer Materials","authors":"Jair Gaviria, J. Quijano, Pablo Ruiz","doi":"10.4236/msce.2021.98001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/msce.2021.98001","url":null,"abstract":"The formation of polyacids in a glass-ionomer cement was computationally modeled. The polyacid modelled is an oligomer made up of three molecules: acrylic acid, itaconic acid and an additional molecule that acts as a spacer group between the previous two. Acryloyl and meta-acryloyl derivatives of some amino acids and related molecules such as N-vinyl pyrrolidone and N-vinyl caprolactam were used as spacer groups. Some of these molecules have been previously used experimentally as spacer groups. In this work the spacer behaviour of 15 different molecules was investigated. To our knowledge, this is the first computational attempt to model some promising molecules to be incorporated into glass-ionomer dental cements. The results revealed the best structural arrangement for the investigated molecules.","PeriodicalId":66693,"journal":{"name":"材料科学与化学工程(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42667964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
A Two-Scale Multi-Physics Deep Learning Model for Smart MEMS Sensors 智能MEMS传感器的双尺度多物理场深度学习模型
材料科学与化学工程(英文) Pub Date : 2021-08-06 DOI: 10.4236/msce.2021.98004
J. P. Quesada-Molina, S. Mariani
{"title":"A Two-Scale Multi-Physics Deep Learning Model for Smart MEMS Sensors","authors":"J. P. Quesada-Molina, S. Mariani","doi":"10.4236/msce.2021.98004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/msce.2021.98004","url":null,"abstract":"Smart materials and structures, especially those bio-inspired, are often characterized by a hierarchy of length- and time-scales. Smart Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) are also characterized by different physical phenomena affecting their properties at different scales. Data-driven formulations can then be helpful to deal with the complexity of the multi-physics governing their response to the external stimuli, and optimize their performances. As an example, Lorentz force micro-magnetometers working principle rests on the interaction of a magnetic field with a current flowing inside a semiconducting, micro-structured medium. If an alternating current with a properly set frequency is let to flow longitudinally in a slender beam, the system is driven into resonance and the sensitivity to the magnetic field may result largely enhanced. In our former activity, a reduced-order physical model of the movable structure of a single-axis Lorentz force MEMS magnetometer was developed, to feed a multi-objective topology optimization procedure. That model-based approach did not account for stochastic effects, which lead to the scattering in the experimental data at the micrometric length-scale. The formulation is here improved to allow for stochastic effects through a two-scale deep learning model designed as follows: at the material scale, a neural network is adopted to learn the scattering in the mechanical properties of polysilicon induced by its polycrystalline morphology; at the device scale, a further neural network is adopted to learn the most important geometric features of the movable parts that affect the overall performance of the magnetometer. Some preliminary results are discussed, and an extension to allow for size effects is finally foreseen.","PeriodicalId":66693,"journal":{"name":"材料科学与化学工程(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41539896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Intercalation of Ciprofloxacin in Naturally Occurring Smectite from Bana: Potentiality as Drug Delivery System and Antimicrobial Effects on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus 环丙沙星在巴纳天然蒙脱石中的嵌入：作为药物递送系统的潜力及其对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌作用
材料科学与化学工程(英文) Pub Date : 2021-08-01 DOI: 10.4236/msce.2021.98003
Carine Feudjio Memenfo, N. Tabary, J. Mbey, S. Degoutin, F. Cazaux, M. Bacquet, M. Maton, B. Martel, D. Njopwouo
{"title":"Intercalation of Ciprofloxacin in Naturally Occurring Smectite from Bana: Potentiality as Drug Delivery System and Antimicrobial Effects on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus","authors":"Carine Feudjio Memenfo, N. Tabary, J. Mbey, S. Degoutin, F. Cazaux, M. Bacquet, M. Maton, B. Martel, D. Njopwouo","doi":"10.4236/msce.2021.98003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/msce.2021.98003","url":null,"abstract":"Ciprofloxacin (CFX) was loaded on Bana clay (Cameroon) and CFX loadedclays \u0000have been evaluated as drug delivery system. Raw clays and CFX loaded \u0000compounds have been characterized by some physico-chemicals methods. In \u0000vitro release studies have been done in gastric and phosphate buffer experimental \u0000mediums; bacteriological studies have been made up on Escherichia coli \u0000and Staphylococcus aureus. X-ray diffractometry patterns of loaded compounds \u0000show a basal spacing increasing due to CFX intercalation. On Fourier-Transformed \u0000Infrared spectrometry spectra, appearance of CFX characteristic bands \u0000and shifting of certain bands already presents on clay confirmed CFX intercalation. \u0000After 96 h of CFX released from release mediums, prolonged and continue \u0000profiles have been observed. Diffusion tests displayed an inhibition radius \u0000of ~2 cm on gelose seeded with Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus \u0000due to CFX. The overall results show a modified release of ciprofloxacin \u0000with an effective antibacterial activity, giving the way for a new ciprofloxacin \u0000drug delivery system using Bana clay as carrier.","PeriodicalId":66693,"journal":{"name":"材料科学与化学工程(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44077315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Amelotin-Mediated Crystals Assembly in Liquid-Phase and on Tooth Surface 淀粉素介导的液相和牙表面晶体组装
材料科学与化学工程(英文) Pub Date : 2021-07-09 DOI: 10.4236/msce.2021.97004
X. Ren, Min Zhou, K. Tian
{"title":"Amelotin-Mediated Crystals Assembly in Liquid-Phase and on Tooth Surface","authors":"X. Ren, Min Zhou, K. Tian","doi":"10.4236/msce.2021.97004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/msce.2021.97004","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To study the role of amelotin in enamel formation, purified recombinant human amelotin was used in a study of amelotin self assembly and its role in new HAP crstal structure formation in a laboratory setting. Methods: The full-length human amelotin gene was cloned from developing tooth buds and recombinant amelotin was expressed and purified. Morphological changes during amelotin self-assembly and the role of amelotin in promoting new minieralization structure is studied using Transmission electronic microscopy and Scanning electron microscopy. Results: The measured molecular weight of expressed human amelotin was 28 kDa that matches the predicted values. Amelotin self-assembles to form nano-spheres 10 - 30 nm in size. The amelotin self-assembly process further produces higher 3-D structure in the forms of chain-like fabric arranged in parallel and perpendicular direction. The neonatal pearl crystals were arranged side by side to form a string of small rods and small parallel rods extend from the demineralized glaze on the surface of teeth that were pre-treated with amelotin.","PeriodicalId":66693,"journal":{"name":"材料科学与化学工程(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47466574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Colour Features Extraction Techniques and Approaches for Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) System 基于内容的图像检索（CBIR）系统的颜色特征提取技术与方法
材料科学与化学工程(英文) Pub Date : 2021-07-09 DOI: 10.4236/msce.2021.97003
M. N. Abdullah, M. Shukran, M. Isa, Nor Suraya Mariam Ahmad, Mohammad Adib Khairuddin, M. Yunus, F. Ahmad
{"title":"Colour Features Extraction Techniques and Approaches for Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) System","authors":"M. N. Abdullah, M. Shukran, M. Isa, Nor Suraya Mariam Ahmad, Mohammad Adib Khairuddin, M. Yunus, F. Ahmad","doi":"10.4236/msce.2021.97003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/msce.2021.97003","url":null,"abstract":"An image retrieval system was developed purposely to provide an efficient tool for a set of images from a collection of images in the large database that matches the user’s requirements in similarity evaluations such as image content similarity, edge, and colour similarity. Retrieving images based on the contents which are colour, texture, and shape is called content-based image retrieval (CBIR). This paper discusses and describes about the colour features technique for image retrieval systems. Several colour features technique and algorithms produced by the previous researcher are used to calculate the similarity between extracted features. This paper also describes about the specific technique about the colour basis features and combined features (hybrid techniques) between colour and shape features.","PeriodicalId":66693,"journal":{"name":"材料科学与化学工程(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44787747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Long-Term Activity of Thermoplastic Gel Electrolyte in a Photo-Electrochemical Assembly Involving Poly Bithiophene (PBTh) as Photoactive Working Electrode 以聚二噻吩为光活性工作电极的热塑性凝胶电解质的长期活性研究
材料科学与化学工程(英文) Pub Date : 2021-06-29 DOI: 10.4236/msce.2021.96001
K. Kasem
{"title":"Long-Term Activity of Thermoplastic Gel Electrolyte in a Photo-Electrochemical Assembly Involving Poly Bithiophene (PBTh) as Photoactive Working Electrode","authors":"K. Kasem","doi":"10.4236/msce.2021.96001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/msce.2021.96001","url":null,"abstract":"Evidence for the long period of a sustainable function of a thermoplastic gel electrolyte (TPGE) consists of polyethylene glycol (PEG)/I2/I- in propylene carbonate (PC) was recorded. The studied photoactive assembly consists of PBTH/FTO/TPGE I2/I-/Platinized FTO. The study showed that the assembly regenerates the expected photoelectrochemical (PEC) quantities such as photocurrent, and other dielectric properties with infrequent use through an elapsed period of 18 months. The behavior of PBTh/occluded with CdS was mentored during this period and showed a similar result. PEC studies indicated the presence of p-p type hole accumulations interface, evident from the initial sharp rise in photocurrent. The change of open circuit potential (dVoc) indicates that the shortest electron lifetime is 100 ms. The behavioral outcome of the assemblies within the period of study refracts stability of the electrode and the long life cycle of the electrolyte.","PeriodicalId":66693,"journal":{"name":"材料科学与化学工程(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41788605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Precise Synthesis of Acrylate Copolymer via RAFT Polymerization and Its Application RAFT聚合法精确合成丙烯酸酯共聚物及其应用
材料科学与化学工程(英文) Pub Date : 2021-06-29 DOI: 10.4236/msce.2021.96005
Lei Li, Jinxing Song, Xinxiao Yang, Shengpeng Wang, Zuguang Li, Yingying Chen, Aiyuan You
{"title":"Precise Synthesis of Acrylate Copolymer via RAFT Polymerization and Its Application","authors":"Lei Li, Jinxing Song, Xinxiao Yang, Shengpeng Wang, Zuguang Li, Yingying Chen, Aiyuan You","doi":"10.4236/msce.2021.96005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/msce.2021.96005","url":null,"abstract":"A series of different sequence structure containing stearyl acrylate (SA) and hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) copolymer were synthesized via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. The crystallization property of PHEA-b-PSA, PHEA-b-PSA-b-PHEA, PSA-b-PHEA-b-PSA, PHEA-co-PSA, and PHEA-grad-b-PSA were characterized by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). The condensed structure of different sequence copolymers were investigated using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). A series of copolymers with different sequence structure were coated on the surface of polyester fabric, which can be found that PHEA-b-PSA-b-PHEA block copolymer has good water repellency.","PeriodicalId":66693,"journal":{"name":"材料科学与化学工程(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44612658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Efficiency and Effectiveness Thermal Analysis of the Shell and Helical Coil Tube Heat Exchanger Used in an Aqueous Solution of Ammonium Nitrate Solubility (ANSOL) with 20% H 2O and 80% AN 壳管式螺旋盘管换热器在含20% h2o和80% an的硝酸铵溶解度水溶液(ANSOL)中的效率和有效性热分析
材料科学与化学工程(英文) Pub Date : 2021-06-29 DOI: 10.4236/msce.2021.96003
É. Nogueira
{"title":"Efficiency and Effectiveness Thermal Analysis of the Shell and Helical Coil Tube Heat Exchanger Used in an Aqueous Solution of Ammonium Nitrate Solubility (ANSOL) with 20% H 2O and 80% AN","authors":"É. Nogueira","doi":"10.4236/msce.2021.96003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/msce.2021.96003","url":null,"abstract":"The case study is about obtaining the flow rate and saturation temperature of steam that makes it possible to heat a solution of water and ammonia nitrate (ANSOL) in a shell and helical coil tube heat exchanger, within a time interval, without that the crystallization of the ANSOL solution occurs. The desired production per batch of the solution is 5750 kg in 80 minutes. The analysis uses the concepts of efficiency and effectiveness to determine the heat transfer rate and temperature profiles that satisfy the imposed condition within a certain degree of safety and with the lowest possible cost in steam generation. Intermediate quantities necessary to reach the objective are the Reynolds number, Nusselt number, and global heat transfer coefficient for the shell and helical coil tube heat exchanger. Initially, the water is heated for a specified period and, subsequently, the ammonium nitrate is added to a given flow in a fixed mass flow rate.","PeriodicalId":66693,"journal":{"name":"材料科学与化学工程(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43390401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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