房屋建造与规划研究(英文)最新文献_第4页

Engineering Characteristics and Potential Increased Utilisation of Sawdust Composites in Construction—A Review 木屑复合材料的工程特性及其在建筑中的潜在应用——综述

房屋建造与规划研究(英文) Pub Date : 2019-09-18 DOI: 10.4236/jbcpr.2019.73005

Abraham. Mwango, C. Kambole

{"title":"Engineering Characteristics and Potential Increased Utilisation of Sawdust Composites in Construction—A Review","authors":"Abraham. Mwango, C. Kambole","doi":"10.4236/jbcpr.2019.73005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jbcpr.2019.73005","url":null,"abstract":"Many timber producing countries generate more than 2 million m3 of sawdust annually. In developing countries, sawdust is often disposed of by open dumping, open burning, or dumping in landfills. This poses huge environmental challenges related to air pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, and destruction of plant and aquatic life. Findings from this review article reveal that sawdust can be used to make sawdust construction composites with good modulus of elasticity, water absorption and strength characteristics that satisfy international specifications. These composites include particleboards, sawdust concrete blocks or bricks and sawdust concrete. The article concludes that partially replacing 5% to 17% of sand with sawdust, or replacing cement with sawdust ash in proportions of 5% to 15% in concrete mixes can produce structural concrete with compressive strengths greater than 20 MPa. Partially replacing 10% to 30% of sand used in the manufacture blocks and bricks with sawdust can also produce sawdust bricks and blocks with compressive strengths greater than 3 MPa. Sawdust composites are also attractive for their low thermal conductivity, high sound absorption and good sound insulation characteristics. These findings indicate that increased utilisation of sawdust composites in construction will mitigate against potential sawdust environmental pollution, conserve energy and reduce disposal costs.","PeriodicalId":64333,"journal":{"name":"房屋建造与规划研究(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49292021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 19

Risk Assessment at the Design Phase of Construction Projects in Ghana 加纳建设项目设计阶段的风险评估

房屋建造与规划研究(英文) Pub Date : 2019-06-06 DOI: 10.4236/JBCPR.2019.72004

Maurice Azochiman Awuni

{"title":"Risk Assessment at the Design Phase of Construction Projects in Ghana","authors":"Maurice Azochiman Awuni","doi":"10.4236/JBCPR.2019.72004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/JBCPR.2019.72004","url":null,"abstract":"The study was carried out exclusively in Ghana to explore the approaches employed by consultants in risk assessment at the design phase of projects in Ghana. One hundred and fourteen (114) consultants were selected out of a population of one hundred and eighty six (186) from three main professional associations in Ghana made up of the Ghana Institute of Architects, Ghana Institution of Engineers and the Ghana Institution of Surveyors (Quantity Surveying Division) practicing in Ghana for the study. Both primary and secondary data were collected. A descriptive survey was also used to observe and describe the presence, frequency or absence of characteristics of a phenomenon as it naturally occurred, in order to gain additional information. A questionnaire was also designed to collect data from the architects, engineers and quantity surveyors. The data was analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Scientists (SPSS) 17.0. Descriptive and inferential statistics, such as frequency tables, percentages and cross tabulations were used in the data analysis and summaries. Simple tests of associations were undertaken by using Chi square and Cramer’s V statistics to compare relationships between variables. Again, relative importance index was also used to analyze some of the data by computing to deduce their rankings. The relative importance index was used to analyze some of the data by computing to deduce their rankings. The research revealed that majority of consultants had an average knowledge of risk management. Based on the findings it was recommended that consultants undergo advanced training in risk assessment. It was therefore suggested that consultancy firms should develop a set of laid down procedures for consultants to use in risk assessment in order that the use of intuition employed by majority is lessened. The challenges observed in risk assessment and the remedial steps suggested curtailing the detrimental effects of risks would be of wide importance to many developing economies.","PeriodicalId":64333,"journal":{"name":"房屋建造与规划研究(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44180341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

An Assessment of Occupational Health and Safety Regulations in Ghana: A Study of the Construction Industry 加纳职业健康安全法规评估：对建筑业的研究

房屋建造与规划研究(英文) Pub Date : 2019-05-14 DOI: 10.4236/JBCPR.2019.72002

Alex K. Eyiah, N. Kheni, P. Quartey

{"title":"An Assessment of Occupational Health and Safety Regulations in Ghana: A Study of the Construction Industry","authors":"Alex K. Eyiah, N. Kheni, P. Quartey","doi":"10.4236/JBCPR.2019.72002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/JBCPR.2019.72002","url":null,"abstract":"Occupational health and safety continues to be a major component of the built environment. The study investigates the effectiveness of occupational health and safety laws and regulations in the construction industry in Ghana and identifies the influencing factors. Face-to-face interviews were conducted among 49 stakeholders from four relevant groups—regulatory institutions, consultants, contractors, artisans and labourers. The findings of the study suggest that the existing occupational health and safety legal and regulatory framework is barely effective. Stakeholders were aware of the existence of some laws and regulations but mostly could not identify the specific laws and their relevant contents. Consequently, compliance is found to be irregular. The key recurring factors affecting effectiveness of occupational health and safety laws and regulations include: negligence and lack of priority for occupational health and safety, lack of training, lack of funds for occupational health and safety, lack of capacity of regulatory and supervisory institutions, and lack of occupational health and safety education within construction firms. The findings of the study are foundational in strategic interventions aimed at improving compliance with occupational health and safety laws and regulations in the construction industry of Ghana.","PeriodicalId":64333,"journal":{"name":"房屋建造与规划研究(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45883304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 23

Research on the Planning and Management of National Parks: Based on the Public Engagement Mechanism 基于公众参与机制的国家公园规划管理研究

房屋建造与规划研究(英文) Pub Date : 2019-05-13 DOI: 10.4236/JBCPR.2019.72003

Jing-wei Hou

引用次数: 0

A Proposed Knowledge Management Implementation Framework for the Ghanaian Construction Industry 加纳建筑业知识管理实施框架的建议

房屋建造与规划研究(英文) Pub Date : 2019-01-17 DOI: 10.4236/jbcpr.2019.71001

Francis Lanme Guribie, C. Tengan

{"title":"A Proposed Knowledge Management Implementation Framework for the Ghanaian Construction Industry","authors":"Francis Lanme Guribie, C. Tengan","doi":"10.4236/jbcpr.2019.71001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jbcpr.2019.71001","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims at developing a Knowledge Management Implementation Framework for adoption by firms in the Ghanaian construction industry. Recent developments in the field of Knowledge management in the construction sector have led to a renewed competition in driving organizational performance. However, the construction industry in Ghana lacks a knowledge management implementation framework that addresses the needs of the Ghanaian construction supply chain while a comprehensive approach to managing knowledge remains nebulous. The study adopted an extensive literature review of existing knowledge management models to provide the basis for the development of the proposed framework for Ghana. The proposed knowledge management implementation framework was subjected to testing and validation by project managers drawn from nineteen indigenous construction firms in Ghana. The technology acceptance model (TAM) was used as the criteria to validate the proposed knowledge management implementation framework. The proposed Guribie & Tengan knowledge management implementation framework was perceived to be useful, and easy to use and the intention to adopt and use was high among indigenous Ghanaian construction firms. The study recommends further validation using wider population to enhance the efficacy of the framework for wider industry acceptance to enhance organizational competitiveness and performance delivery.","PeriodicalId":64333,"journal":{"name":"房屋建造与规划研究(英文)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41597508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5