Forestry Journal最新文献_第2页

Biodiversity and climate change: consequences for upper tree line in Slovakia 生物多样性和气候变化:对斯洛伐克林木线的影响

Forestry Journal Pub Date : 2016-09-01 DOI: 10.1515/FORJ-2016-0022

J. Minďáš, J. Škvareninová

{"title":"Biodiversity and climate change: consequences for upper tree line in Slovakia","authors":"J. Minďáš, J. Škvareninová","doi":"10.1515/FORJ-2016-0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/FORJ-2016-0022","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Study of the effects of climate change on upper tree limit has mainly focused on the diversity of tree species as a result of the ability of species to tolerate temperature and moisture changes as well as some effects of disturbance regime changes. The tree species diversity changes due to climate change has been analysed via gap model and biodiversity indices. Gap models are individually based on simulations of establishment, growth, and mortality of each tree on the forest plot. Input ecological data for model calculations have been taken from the permanent research plots located in primeval forests in mountainous regions in Slovakia. The results of regional scenarios of the climatic change for the territory of Slovakia have been used, from which the values according to the CGCM3.1 (global) model, KNMI and MPI (regional) models. Model results for conditions of the climate change scenarios suggest a shift of the upper forest limit to the region of the present subalpine zone, in supramontane zone. The most significant tree species diversity changes have been identified for the upper tree line and current belt of dwarf pine (Pinus mugo) occurrence. Hill’s index of biodiversity in the upper forest line increased by 30 – 35% for horizon of 2050, resp. by 45 – 50% modeled for the horizon of 2075. Calculated values of Shannon’s index show an even higher increase due to climate change. For horizon 2050 is a roughly of three fold increase and horizon for 2075 by almost fivefold increase in the value of the index. Results from the gap model indicate the increase of tree species diversity 2 – 2,5 times.","PeriodicalId":56352,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"181 - 185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90409959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Ultrasonic technique for evaluation of initial stadium of wood degradation in exterior conditions without ground contact 在无地面接触的外部条件下评价木材初始退化的超声技术

Forestry Journal Pub Date : 2016-09-01 DOI: 10.1515/FORJ-2016-0016

M. Pánek, K. Trgala

引用次数: 3

Structural analysis of the drivers and barriers to forest management in the Slovak regions of Podpoľanie and Kysuce 斯洛伐克Podpoľanie和Kysuce地区森林管理的驱动因素和障碍的结构分析

Forestry Journal Pub Date : 2016-09-01 DOI: 10.1515/FORJ-2016-0019

R. Navrátil, Yvonne Brodrechtová, R. Sedmák, R. Smreček, J. Tuček

{"title":"Structural analysis of the drivers and barriers to forest management in the Slovak regions of Podpoľanie and Kysuce","authors":"R. Navrátil, Yvonne Brodrechtová, R. Sedmák, R. Smreček, J. Tuček","doi":"10.1515/FORJ-2016-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/FORJ-2016-0019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The paper presents an application of structural analysis in search of key drivers and barriers of forest management in two Slovak regions: Podpoľanie and Kysuce. A comparison with factors identified in selected European regions is also presented. First, various relevant factors affecting forest management were selected for both regions. The selections draw on the pool of primary data (structured in-person interviews) and secondary data (qualitative analysis of national and European documents). Second, factors were grouped according to the STEEP categories (Society, Technology, Economy, Ecology, and Policy). Subsequently, factors were rigorously assessed by the regional stakeholders in participatory workshops, and their answers were analysed by structural analysis with the help of Parmenides EIDOS™ software. The results show that in both Slovak regions political, economic, and ecological factors dominated over social and technological factors. The comparison with selected European regions revealed that in the Slovak and other European regions, the Policy category dominated due to having the highest number of factors and their overall impact on forest management. In contrast, the least important societal domain was Technology in both the Slovak and other European regions. However, while stakeholders across the selected European regions perceived the Society domain as significant, stakeholders in both Slovak regions perceived the Economy and Ecology domains as more significant.","PeriodicalId":56352,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Journal","volume":"9 1","pages":"152 - 163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74324767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Evaluation of winter food quality and its variability for red deer in forest environment: overwintering enclosures vs. free-ranging areas 森林环境中马鹿冬季食物质量及其变异的评价:越冬圈养区与自由放养区

Forestry Journal Pub Date : 2016-09-01 DOI: 10.1515/FORJ-2016-0018

Michaela Holá, M. Ježek, T. Kušta, J. Červený

{"title":"Evaluation of winter food quality and its variability for red deer in forest environment: overwintering enclosures vs. free-ranging areas","authors":"Michaela Holá, M. Ježek, T. Kušta, J. Červený","doi":"10.1515/FORJ-2016-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/FORJ-2016-0018","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Populations of European ungulates have grown substantially over recent decades, resulting in considerable environmental and socio-economic impacts. Availability and quality of natural and supplemental food sources are among the main factors driving their population dynamics. Detailed knowledge of food quality of management-targeted species is therefore of primary importance for their successful management. The main aim of this study was to evaluate winter food quality and its variability for an important ungulate species in the Czech Republic - i.e. red deer, using faecal indices (faecal nitrogen, faecal acid detergent fibre, faecal neutral detergent fibre) and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy. We compared food quality for red deer and its possible differences between overwintering enclosures (i.e. fenced areas where red deer spend harsh winter conditions) and neighbouring unfenced free-ranging areas within two study areas. The results obtained showed that winter food quality and its variability for red deer are of different quality and variability in the overwintering enclosure and neighbouring free-ranging area. The observed differences in concentrations and amounts of variation of faecal indices are most probably related to animal densities at individual study areas. Wildlife managers should therefore keep animals in overwintering enclosures at moderate densities and to provide high quality forage to all individuals in order to balance nutrition of both the individuals inside and outside the enclosures. Nevertheless, further studies are needed in order to provide deeper knowledge on red deer food quality and its variability in space and time.","PeriodicalId":56352,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Journal","volume":"38 1","pages":"139 - 145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78073308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Effects of Northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) and sessile oak (Quercus petraea (Mattusch.) Liebl.) on the forest soil chemical properties 北方红栎(Quercus rubra L.)和无柄栎(Quercus petaea (Mattusch.))的影响Liebl.)对森林土壤化学性质的研究

Forestry Journal Pub Date : 2016-09-01 DOI: 10.1515/FORJ-2016-0020

S. Miltner, I. Kupka, Michal Třeštík

{"title":"Effects of Northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) and sessile oak (Quercus petraea (Mattusch.) Liebl.) on the forest soil chemical properties","authors":"S. Miltner, I. Kupka, Michal Třeštík","doi":"10.1515/FORJ-2016-0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/FORJ-2016-0020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) is one of the most important introduced tree species in the Czech Republic, occupying about 6,000 ha with ca. 900,000 m3 of the standing volume. The presented study aims to evaluate its soil forming effects on natural oak sites. Soil chemistry of the upper soil layers (F+H, Ah, B horizons) was studied in three pairs of stands of both species. In each stand, four bulk samples were taken separately for particular horizons, each consisting of 5 soil-borer cores. The soil characteristics analysed were: pH (active and potential), soil adsorption complex characteristics (content of bases, exchangeable cation capacity, base saturation), exchangeable acidity (exchangeable Al and H), total carbon and nitrogen content, and plant available nutrients content (P, K, Ca, Mg). Total macronutrient content (P, K, Ca, Mg) was analysed only in holorganic horizons. Results confirmed acidification effects of red oak on the upper forest soil layers such as decreased pH, base content, base saturation, all nutrient contents in total as well as plant-available form and increased soil exchangeable acidity (exchangeable Al) in comparison to the sessile oak stands, especially in holorganic horizons and in the uppermost mineral layer (Ah horizon). Northern red oak can be considered as a slightly site-soil degrading species in the studied sites and environmental conditions in comparison to native oak species.","PeriodicalId":56352,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":"169 - 172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81032563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Spatial considerations of an area restriction model for identifying harvest blocks at commercial forest plantations 商业人工林采伐区区域限制模型的空间考虑

Forestry Journal Pub Date : 2016-09-01 DOI: 10.1515/FORJ-2016-0017

J. Kašpar, Gerardo F. E. Perez, A. Cerveira, R. Marušák

{"title":"Spatial considerations of an area restriction model for identifying harvest blocks at commercial forest plantations","authors":"J. Kašpar, Gerardo F. E. Perez, A. Cerveira, R. Marušák","doi":"10.1515/FORJ-2016-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/FORJ-2016-0017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the past few decades, ecological and environmental issues have dominated the forest industry worldwide, but economic aspects have been much less studied in this dynamic period. However, a sustainable and efficient forest biomass supply is critical for socio-economic development in many regions, particularly in rural areas. Nature protection efforts have contributed to reduced harvesting quotas, which have resulted in an imbalance of the environmental functions of the forests and forest management, particularly wood supply. Considering the size and distribution of forest production management units and the forest stands that compose those units, there is a clear need for improved decision-making tools that help forest managers in planning harvest sequences. The optimization of harvest scheduling should consider economic and spatial factors, which may reduce production costs by increasing the logistic efficiency. Moreover, incorporating maximum harvesting opening size constraints into planning can help preserve biodiversity. This article presents a new spatial harvest scheduling model based on the integer programming method; it was developed using real data from a forest production unit located in the northern part of the southeast region of Brazil. The goal of the proposed scheduling approach is to maximize the net present value and concentrate the harvesting locations in each period. In spite of the fact that the object of the study is plantation forest under management different to common conditions in Europe or North America, the model is flexible and can be used in management of forest in Central Europe.","PeriodicalId":56352,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Journal","volume":"33 1","pages":"146 - 151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91300597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Forest management economics based on forest typology 基于森林类型学的森林经营经济学

Forestry Journal Pub Date : 2016-06-01 DOI: 10.1515/forj-2016-0009

V. Kupčák, K. Pulkráb, R. Sloup, Anna Beníčková

引用次数: 0

Perceptions of natural disturbance in Tatra National Park, Poland 波兰塔特拉国家公园对自然干扰的感知

Forestry Journal Pub Date : 2016-06-01 DOI: 10.1515/FORJ-2016-0011

J. Svajda, S. Koróny, Antoni Zięba, P. Adamski

{"title":"Perceptions of natural disturbance in Tatra National Park, Poland","authors":"J. Svajda, S. Koróny, Antoni Zięba, P. Adamski","doi":"10.1515/FORJ-2016-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/FORJ-2016-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Since the last decades, natural disturbances in forests including protected areas have intensified. They have the potential to impact visual quality and safety of visitors as well as spread beyond protected area boundaries. While economic and ecological impacts are well studied, there is still a lack of work focused on human dimensions and social aspects. This study examines visitor perceptions towards bark beetle infestation in Tatra National Park, Poland. The findings, based on visitor surveys collected during the summer of 2014, indicate the significance of different factors influencing visitor attitudes towards the bark beetle. Age of visitors and importance of the bark beetle issue for them (based on subjective ratings of importance of bark beetle issue for respondents) are the most prominent variables. Also place of origin and environmental worldview were recognized as significantly important variables in accordance with similar studies. Results suggest management implications for park authorities including public relations and environmental education in order to increase knowledge and support for natural disturbance and ecological integrity policies in the national park.","PeriodicalId":56352,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Journal","volume":"125 1","pages":"105 - 109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73106814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Wood quality and value production in mixed fir-spruce-beech stands: long-term research in the Western Carpathians 杉木-云杉-山毛榉混交林的木材质量和价值生产:喀尔巴阡山脉西部的长期研究

Forestry Journal Pub Date : 2016-06-01 DOI: 10.1515/FORJ-2016-0010

R. Petráš, J. Mecko, M. Bošeľa, V. Šebeň

{"title":"Wood quality and value production in mixed fir-spruce-beech stands: long-term research in the Western Carpathians","authors":"R. Petráš, J. Mecko, M. Bošeľa, V. Šebeň","doi":"10.1515/FORJ-2016-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/FORJ-2016-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Stem quality and damage was evaluated in mixed spruce-fir-beech stands. Moreover, an assortments structure was determined with their financial value. Results were compared with pure spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.), fir (Abies alba Mill.) and beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) stands. Repeated measurements on 31 long-term research plots, stand assortment models, assortment yield models and value yield models were used. Stem quality of fir and spruce was only slightly lower in mixed stands compared to pure stands but beech stem quality was considerably worse in mixed stands. Fir and spruce had slightly lower proportions of better IIIA quality logs and higher proportions of IIIB quality in mixed stands. Beech had worse assortment structure than spruce and fir, in general. Pure beech stands had higher proportions of better I–IIIA quality assortments than mixed stands by 1–7%. Fir and spruce average value production (€ m−3) culminated at about 56 and 62 cm mean diameters. Almost the same value production was found in pure stands. In these stands it culminated at the mean diameter of 58 and 60 cm. Beech produced substantially less value on the same sites. In mixed stands, its value production culminated at the mean diameter of 40 cm. In pure stands, it culminated at the mean diameter of 36 cm. Although the production was found to be similar in both mixed and pure forests, higher damage intensity and less stem quality in mixed forests suggest that the pure forests can be more profitable.","PeriodicalId":56352,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Journal","volume":"33 1","pages":"98 - 104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72739999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Ozone phytotoxicity in the Western Carpathian Mountains in Slovakia 斯洛伐克喀尔巴阡山脉西部的臭氧植物毒性

Forestry Journal Pub Date : 2016-06-01 DOI: 10.1515/FORJ-2016-0008

S. Bičárová, Zuzana Sitková, H. Pavlendová

{"title":"Ozone phytotoxicity in the Western Carpathian Mountains in Slovakia","authors":"S. Bičárová, Zuzana Sitková, H. Pavlendová","doi":"10.1515/FORJ-2016-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/FORJ-2016-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this work, the response of temperate coniferous forests to ozone air pollution (O3) in the mountain environment of the High Tatra Mts. (Western Carpathians) was analyzed. The modelling of stomatal O3 flux is a complex method for the estimation of phytotoxicity of O3 pollution to forest vegetation. Stomatal flux-based critical levels (CLef) for effects of O3 on radial growth take into account the varying influences of O3 concentration, meteorological variables, soil properties, and phenology. The application of the model DO3SE (Deposition of Ozone for Stomatal Exchange) at five experimental plots with altitudes varying from 810 to 1,778 m a.s.l. along vertical and spatial profile in the High Tatra Mts. revealed the high phytotoxic potential of O3 on spruce forests during the growing season 2014. The accumulated stomatal O3 flux above a threshold of Y (1 nmol m−2 s−1), i.e. POD1 (Phytotoxic Ozone Dose) ranged from 13.6 mmol m−2 at the Kolové pleso site (1,570 m a.s.l.) to 16.2 mmol m−2 at Skalnaté Pleso site (1,778 m a.s.l.). CLef for POD1 (8 mmol m−2) recommended for the protection of spruce forests were exceeded at all experimental plots from early July. Similarly, AOT40 index suggests vulnerability of mountain forests to O3 pollution. AOT40 values increased with altitude and reached values varying from 6.2 ppm h in Stará Lesná (810 m a.s.l.) to 10.7 ppm h at Skalnaté Pleso close to the timber line (1,778 m a.s.l.). Concentration-based critical level (CLec) of 5,000 ppb h was exceeded from June to August and was different for each experimental site.","PeriodicalId":56352,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Journal","volume":"61 1","pages":"77 - 88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80004756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7