Bullentin of Canadian Petroleum Geology最新文献

{"title":"Lithostratigraphic revision and biostratigraphy of Upper Hauterivian–Barremian strata from the Kugmallit Trough, Mackenzie Delta, Northwest Territories","authors":"D. McNeil, J. Dixon, Z. Xiu, S. Fowler","doi":"10.35767/gscpgbull.68.4.141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35767/gscpgbull.68.4.141","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Kipnik Formation, named herein, is defined from the Late Hauterivian to Barremian Kugmallit Trough in the Mackenzie Delta, Arctic Canada. The trough was formed by extensional tectonics associated with the opening of the Canada Basin and was infilled by kilometre-thick accumulations of clastic sediments. Samples from the Kugmallit Trough are known only from two exploration wells – Shell Kipnik O-20 and Gulf Mobil Ogruknang M-31. Examination of palynomorphs, foraminifera, and ostracods from cuttings of these wells, integrated with regional subsurface and outcrop correlations, indicated that the existing subsurface stratigraphic interpretations [Upper Jurassic to Barremian] of the Kugmallit Trough were in need of revision. The revised Upper Hauterivian–Barremian succession thus consists of the Siku, Kipnik (new), and Mount Goodenough formations. The Siku and Kipnik formations are known only from the subsurface, but the Mt. Goodenough Formation is widespread and was deposited over a regional unconformity. The Siku to Kipnik deposition is a large-scale transgressive-regressive succession that represents deposition during a period of initial subsidence (transgression) followed by uplift and erosion (regression). The shale dominant Siku Formation contains a distinctive unnamed foraminiferal assemblage that consists of agglutinated species typical of offshore or deeper water. Ostracods of the Siku Formation are contained in the informal Galliaecytheridea postsinuata zone, which is confined to the Siku Formation. Ostracods of the G. postsinuata zone suggest shelf environments. The Kipnik Formation is sand-dominant with thin beds of shale, siltstone and coal. Agglutinated foraminifera occur sparsely because of coarse, rapid sedimentation. Inner shelf environments are suggested by the foraminifera. The lower half of the Mount Goodenough Formation is shale-dominant and the upper half consists of intercalated shale and sandstone. Foraminifera and ostracods occur abundantly in the Mt. Goodenough subsurface and outcrops of the Richardson Mountains. The foraminiferal Convallina mcneili Zone of Barremian age occurs in the Mt. -Goodenough Formation and its composition of agglutinated and calcareous benthic foraminifera suggests outer shelf or deeper environments. Ostracods of the Mt. Goodenough Formation in subsurface and outcrop are assigned to the informal Clithrocytheridea spp. zone. Ostracods suggest an outer shelf or deeper-water environment. Palynomorphs indicate that the Siku Formation is Late Hauterivian, the Kipnik Formation is probably latest Hauterivian to Early Barremian, and the Mount Goodenough Formation is Barremian.","PeriodicalId":56325,"journal":{"name":"Bullentin of Canadian Petroleum Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45061172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Upper Elk Point subgroup paleogeography and evaporite distribution with implications for evaporite dissolution, karstification, and carbonate diagenesis in northeastern Alberta","authors":"T. Hauck, M. Grobe","doi":"10.35767/gscpgbull.68.4.91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35767/gscpgbull.68.4.91","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Lithostratigraphic correlation and mapping of formations and units within the Upper Elk Point subgroup provide updated information on their extent and distribution within the province of Alberta. Together with detailed bed-scale evaporite mapping of three evaporite minerals — halite, anhydrite, and gypsum — within evaporitic successions for net-thickness maps, these data allow new representations of the paleogeography of these units across the province. Paleogeographic maps of the Keg River, Prairie Evaporite and Muskeg formations reveal new details on the location of the La Crete sub-basin in northern Alberta, and the distribution and nature of Keg River Formation buildups and the overlying evaporite strata within this depositional realm. Net-evaporite mapping gives a robust picture of the distribution of Upper Elk Point subgroup evaporites, and allows for a detailed characterization of heterogeneities, halite dissolution, and sulphate karstification. Mapping of gypsum reveals that rehydration of anhydrite to gypsum (gypsification) through meteoric inflow is most pronounced within the La Crete sub-basin in northeastern Alberta, particularly where thick anhydrite deposits are associated with interbuildup basinal areas east of the Prairie Evaporite halite dissolution scarp. This association provides an explanation for the location of where active gypsification, dissolution and associated karstification is occurring and where it can be expected to occur. The process of gypsification, and ultimately sulphate dissolution, is requisite for the formation of porous dedolomite zones within the carbonates of the Prairie Evaporite Formation. Dedolomitized beds are recognized as aquifer units that are known to have contributed to Devonian-sourced, high-salinity water inflows to mine pits in the mineable oil sands area. Evidence is provided for a top-down advancement of halite and sulphate dissolution in all evaporites in northeastern Alberta. Circular, chain-like karst lakes are likely surficial expressions of the meteoric conduits for top-down karstification of sulphates east of the Prairie Evaporite halite dissolution scarp, similar to that observed in the well-documented sulphate karst district of Wood Buffalo National Park.","PeriodicalId":56325,"journal":{"name":"Bullentin of Canadian Petroleum Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45440156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The type section of the Canol Formation (Devonian black shale) at Powell Creek: Critical assessment and correlation in the northern Cordillera, NWT, Canada","authors":"P. Kabanov, S. Gouwy","doi":"10.35767/gscpgbull.68.4.123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35767/gscpgbull.68.4.123","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Canol Formation is only 24.5 m thick at its historic type section at Powell Creek, northern Mackenzie Mountains, whereas in the off-bank sections of the Mackenzie Plain subsurface, where it is considered a high-quality shale hydrocarbon prospect, it thickens to 60–120 m. This paper reviews available lithological and conodont biostratigraphic information from the type section, discusses choices of contacts and subdivisions, and explores the limits of regional correlation using gamma spectrometry proxies. We position the base of the Canol Formation at the top of the lower resistant unit of the “allochthonous limestone beds”, the thick off-reef debris package present in this outcrop but absent in other well-known Canol sections. The base of the formation can be of a latest Givetian age as suggested by the norrisi zone conodont fauna from the “allochthonous limestone”. The top of the Canol Formation is placed at the base of a distinct, 2.1 m thick horizon with concretionary carbonate beds within the thick shale transition between the Canol and the Imperial formations. Limestone nodules from this horizon produced a conodont fauna that can occur in the jamieae to Upper rhenana zones (Frasnian zones 11–12) thereby suggesting a middle to earliest Late Frasnian age for the Canol top. The cross-section tying several outcrop and well sections across the regional facies zonation reveals that the Dodo Canyon Member, a unit erected in thick off-bank Canol sections, is traceable at Powell Creek. In this correlation, the Vermillion Creek Member, which is the lower portion of the Canol Formation in thick off-bank sections, finds its counterpart in the allochthonous limestone beds sensu MacKenzie (1970). This cross-section is the first correlation of the Canol stratotype at member level available in published sources. Thinness of the Canol Formation at Powell Creek, as well as its location in the carbonate bank toe-of-slope setting, are factors impairing its reference value and calling for more representative sections to act as reference sections and constitute a composite-stratotype for the Canol Formation.","PeriodicalId":56325,"journal":{"name":"Bullentin of Canadian Petroleum Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48441989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calibration of Middle to Upper Jurassic palynostratigraphy with Boreal ammonite zonations in the Canadian Arctic","authors":"Anne V. Nguyen, J. Galloway, T. Poulton, A. Dutchak","doi":"10.35767/GSCPGBULL.68.3.65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35767/GSCPGBULL.68.3.65","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56325,"journal":{"name":"Bullentin of Canadian Petroleum Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47748930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stratigraphy and depositional environments of the Belly River Group (Campanian) in southwestern Saskatchewan, Canada","authors":"Meagan M. Gilbert, L. Buatois, R. W. Renaut","doi":"10.35767/GSCPGBULL.68.2.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35767/GSCPGBULL.68.2.31","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56325,"journal":{"name":"Bullentin of Canadian Petroleum Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41271452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subsurface analysis and correlation of Mount Clark and lower Mount Cap formations (Cambrian), Northern Interior Plains, Northwest Territories","authors":"M. Sommers, M. Gingras, R. MacNaughton, K. Fallas, Chad A. Morgan","doi":"10.35767/GSCPGBULL.68.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35767/GSCPGBULL.68.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56325,"journal":{"name":"Bullentin of Canadian Petroleum Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42944618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geological process simulation in 3-D lithofacies modeling: Application in a basin floor fan setting","authors":"D. Otoo, D. Hodgetts","doi":"10.35767/GSCPGBULL.67.4.255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35767/GSCPGBULL.67.4.255","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56325,"journal":{"name":"Bullentin of Canadian Petroleum Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.35767/GSCPGBULL.67.4.255","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45290223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data analytics and geostatistical workflows for modeling uncertainty in unconventional reservoirs","authors":"M. Pyrcz","doi":"10.35767/GSCPGBULL.67.4.273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35767/GSCPGBULL.67.4.273","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56325,"journal":{"name":"Bullentin of Canadian Petroleum Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.35767/GSCPGBULL.67.4.273","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42749637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Closing the Gap III: Advances in Applied Geomodeling for Hydrocarbon Reservoirs","authors":"D. Garner","doi":"10.35767/GSCPGBULL.67.4.215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35767/GSCPGBULL.67.4.215","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56325,"journal":{"name":"Bullentin of Canadian Petroleum Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47594790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of complex fluvial architecture through outcrop studies – dealing with intrinsic data bias at multiple scales in the pursuit of a representative geomodel","authors":"S. Hudson, Scott R. Meek, Blake J. Steeves, Austin Bertoch, Chelsea A. Jolley, A. Trevino, Jason Klimek","doi":"10.35767/GSCPGBULL.67.4.231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35767/GSCPGBULL.67.4.231","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The practice of building analog models and training images from outcrop exposures is an important tool in better predicting subsurface facies distribution in the petroleum industry. As with subsurface data, however, incomplete information and data bias can lead to inaccurate characterization of outcrop geology at multiple scales. Cretaceous fluvial strata of Wyoming offers excellent exposure of two systems — the sand-rich and highly amalgamated Trail Member of the Ericson Sandstone and the sand-poor, isolated channels of the Dry Hollow Member of the Frontier Formation. For each system, multiple outcrops were characterized through the traditional means of stratigraphic column measurement, as well as through photogrammetric survey acquisition and interpretation. We saw in both studies that, despite an effort to measure sections that were representative of the entire outcrop, measured sections consistently overestimated the reservoir proportions. Ten measured sections within the Trail Member show a Net-to-Gross (NTG) ranging from 50–80% sandstone, with an average of 72%. A more complete spatial characterization of the entire outcrop through photogrammetric interpretation suggests a much lower NTG of 53%. Similarly, for the Dry Hollow Member fluvial strata, measured sections show NTG ranges of 8–50% with an average of 37% sandstone, while the photogrammetric model shows a NTG of only 16%. These differences are significant and lead to very different reservoir models. Further, the assumption is commonly made that the outcrop, if well characterized, is representative of the formation at a larger scale. Models of the Dry Hollow Member at Cumberland Gap show that this is a tenuous assumption and can lead to models that are not representative of the system. Outcrops of the Dry Hollow are sparse and often discontinuous, and extrapolation of calculated facies proportions between two well-exposed outcrops at Cumberland Gap led to significant placement of sands between the outcrops, where the lack of exposure leads to a lack of control data in the model. This resulted in increased reservoir connectivity that is not representative of the system, and shows that even on a sub-kilometer scale, the extrapolation of detailed, quantitative facies proportions can be inappropriate, and if done blindly can lead to an inaccurate characterization of the system. Through detailed characterization of the Trail and Dry Hollow fluvial systems, it is shown that building quantitative geomodels from outcrop exposures, even using modern techniques such as photogrammetric analysis, can be subject to significant bias and mischaracterization at multiple scales and for multiple reasons if care is not taken.","PeriodicalId":56325,"journal":{"name":"Bullentin of Canadian Petroleum Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.35767/GSCPGBULL.67.4.231","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45874965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}