Horticultura Brasileira最新文献

{"title":"Inhibitor of gibberellin biosynthesis in ornamental peppers","authors":"Aline Novais Santos Gonçalves, S. Matsumoto, P. Ramos, Paula S Matos, Tâmara M Silva, L. Pereira, Anselmo Eloy S Viana, Carmem LL Brito, S. A. Leite","doi":"10.1590/s0102-0536-20220106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-0536-20220106","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate whether the inhibition of gibberellin biosynthesis affects the morphophysiological traits of potted ornamental Capsicum baccatum and Capsicum annuum growing under shade house conditions. Plants maintained in 2.7 L pots were arranged in a completely randomized design in a 2x4 factorial consisting of two pepper cultivars Chapéu-de-frade (C. baccatum) and Vulcão (C. annuum) and four paclobutrazol (PBZ) concentrations (0, 25, 50, and 75 mg L-1) with four replicates. At 30, 45, and 60 days after treatment, the plants were analyzed, and data were submitted to the analysis of general and regression variance. Gibberellin biosynthesis inhibition affected the morphophysiological and biochemical evaluations. For most evaluated traits, no interaction between factors was observed, suggesting that both pepper cultivars had a similar response to the growth regulator. PBZ-induced inhibition of gibberellin biosynthesis improved plant water status, which enhanced the vigor of potted pepper plants. The dramatic reduction of upper leaves promoted by plant growth regulators compared to basal ones negatively impacted the visual ornamental aspect of Chapéu-de-frade peppers.","PeriodicalId":56307,"journal":{"name":"Horticultura Brasileira","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43783972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rosemary extract formulated with hydrogel in the control of root-knot nematode and in the activation of defense mechanisms in tomato","authors":"Bruna Caroline Schons, Olivia DC Brito, Roberto Cecatto Junior, C. Y. Tsutsumi, J. Stangarlin, Odair José Kuhn","doi":"10.1590/s0102-0536-20220114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-0536-20220114","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne incognita) are responsible for causing great damage to tomato crop, demanding various specific management strategies. In order to find an effective alternative to control this pathogen, the aim of this study was to test the rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) extract in formulation with hydrogel. The formulation was used at doses of 0.25; 0.50; 0.75; 1.00 and 1.25 g per pit, at seedling transplanting, and as controls, 1.25 g of hydrogel (without rosemary) and absolute control (only water). The nematological variables evaluated were number of egg masses, number of galls, total nematodes per root, and reproduction factor. To verify whether plant resistance induction occurred, root samples were collected at different time periods and the activity of the enzymes phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (FAL), peroxidase (POX) and polyphenoloxidase (PFO) were measured. For the nematological variables, we verified proportional dose-dependent reduction of nematode infection, indicating its effectiveness in disease control. For the enzymes, FAL showed no significant change in any treatment or time period tested, whereas POX and PFO showed peaks of activity in different treatments and times, mainly at the dose 1.25 g of the formulation. These results indicated that the control of M. incognita in tomato crop can be achieved by a direct effect of the rosemary extract on the nematode population as well as by plant resistance in response to the pathogen action.","PeriodicalId":56307,"journal":{"name":"Horticultura Brasileira","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48774868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agronomic performance of watermelon under direct sowing system and seedling transplanting","authors":"D. Pereira, A. R. Nascimento, M. Lima, Marcos Paulo dos Santos, T. Silva","doi":"10.1590/s0102-0536-20220103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-0536-20220103","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Watermelon is traditionally grown under direct sowing system. However, due to high costs of good quality seeds of improved cultivars, seedling transplanting is a promising alternative for watermelon production. This study aimed at evaluating, during two production cycles, the performance of watermelon under direct sowing cultivation system and seedling transplanting. The field trials were carried out from May to September, 2015 and 2016, at Setor de Horticultura da Escola de Agronomia of Universidade Federal de Goiás. In 2015, the experimental design was randomized blocks (DBC) with four replicates in a 2x4 factorial scheme (two hybrids: Manchester and Talisman, and two planting methods: direct sowing and transplanting 15-, 20- and 25-day old seedlings). In 2016, the experimental design was DBC with six replicates. The treatments consisted of three direct sowing dates (0, 5 and 10 days) and three different seedling ages (15, 20 and 25 days). Number of leaves, plant height and dry mass of seedlings of different ages, vine length and virus incidence along the crop cycle were evaluated. Upon significant F-test (5%) for seedling age, regression analysis was performed, and when cultivar effect was significant, Tukey test (5%) was used. Planting methods (direct sowing X seedlings) were compared by orthogonal contrasts. In 2016, the beginning of flowering was evaluated, and in both trials, the average crop cycle for each treatment was determined. Fruit length and width, fruit mass, thickness of the white part of the rind, and soluble solids content were evaluated at harvesting. The 25-day old seedlings had higher number of leaves, as well as, higher dry mass, comparing with seedlings on the transplanting day. Yield and fruit quality were not influenced by treatments. No significant differences for virus disease incidence were detected, in both production cycles. Direct sowing reduced the crop cycle in both field trials, with no differences in production and quality of fruits. Considering the costs of establishing watermelon fields as relevant, the results suggest the importance of direct sowing as the most viable method for watermelon cultivation, due to the ease of the process, as well as, reduction in costs related to seedling production and transplanting operations.","PeriodicalId":56307,"journal":{"name":"Horticultura Brasileira","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48160834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Humic substances: effects on potato growth and yield","authors":"Ricardo Lazzarini, M.M.L Müller, Paulo Ricardo C Lazzarini, Cleto Tamanini Junior, Cinthia K de Matos, J. Kawakami","doi":"10.1590/s0102-0536-20220104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-0536-20220104","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The results from humic substances (HS) application in varied crops and conditions are controversial, and the experiments with the potato crop in Brazil are scarce. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of HS doses on the growth and yield of two potato cultivars. Four doses of HS were tested: 0, 5.05, 10.10, and 15.15 L ha-1, applied in the planting furrows of cvs. Agata and BRS F63 Camila, in Guarapuava-PR, in the 2015 and 2016 crop seasons, between October and February. The experiment was carried out using a randomized complete block design, in a factorial scheme (crop season x dose x cultivar), with four replications. Plant samplings were performed at tuber initiation, flowering, tuber bulking, and plant maturation growth stages. After shoot senescence, the total and commercial tuber yields were evaluated. Cultivars responded similarly to HS application, with no significant interaction between HS and cultivars, for most assessed variables. At tuber initiation, there was a negative linear effect of HS doses on leaf area index, number of formed tubers, and tuber and total plant dry weight. In the other evaluations, the effect of HS application was not observed regarding the assessed variables. Likewise, no effects were detected on the number and fresh weight of tubers in total and commercial yields. We concluded that HS application affected both cultivars similarly, hampering initial plant growth and not increasing potato yield.","PeriodicalId":56307,"journal":{"name":"Horticultura Brasileira","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42084606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of thyme, lemongrass and rosemary essential oils on Aspergillus flavus in cauliflower seeds","authors":"P. G. Nakada-Freitas, C. Santos, Thalita Helena Magalhães, S. Bustamonte, Danielle Carla dos Santos, A. Cardoso, Talita S Amador, Natália BL Lanna, E. M. Bardiviesso, H. C. R. Catão","doi":"10.1590/s0102-0536-20220109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-0536-20220109","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Due to the action of essential oils of thyme, lemongrass and rosemary against microorganisms and few studies on them in seed treatment, this study is proposed with vegetable seed. Therefore, the aim was to evaluate the effect of treatments with essential oils of thyme, lemongrass and rosemary on cauliflower seeds, inoculated with Aspergillus flavus. Three essential oils were used, at concentrations 0.0; 0.4; 0.8; 1.6 and 2.0%, arranged in a 3x5 factorial scheme, in a completely randomized design, with four replications. The essential oils of thyme (1.8%) and lemongrass (1.9%) had a fungistatic effect against A. flavus in cauliflower seeds. Thyme essential oil at 2.0% and lemongrass at 1.6% didn’t affect the physiological quality of seeds, being promising in the treatment of organic seeds. On the other hand, rosemary essential oil, despite not affecting germination and little affecting seed vigor, wasn’t efficient in controlling the pathogen.","PeriodicalId":56307,"journal":{"name":"Horticultura Brasileira","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43463543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptability and stability of eggplant submitted to different levels of shading via REML/BLUP","authors":"Jordana Antônia dos S Silva, J. W. D. L. Pereira, Ricardo de N Valadares, Rayhonay SR de Lima, Fabian S Silva, Cristiane Guiselini, D. Menezes","doi":"10.1590/s0102-0536-20220113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-0536-20220113","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the eggplant genotype x environment ineraction, using the REML/BLUP procedure, in order to identify genotypes with high productivity, adaptability and phenotypic stability. The experiments were carried out in agricultural greenhouses, in two seasons, with three types of shading: uncovered (UC); covered with plastic diffuser film (PD), 130 microns thick, covered with plastic diffuser film (130 micron) + 50% shading screen (SS). Twelve eggplant genotypes were evaluated, with four replicates and an experimental plot consisting of four plants. The traits evaluated in this study were: fruit set index, number of fruits per plant, average production of fruits/plant and in vitro pollen viability. To assess the adaptability and stability of the genotypes, statistical analyzes and estimation of genetic parameters were performed using the mixed-models of REML/BLUP type, with the aid of SELEGEN software and the statistical model 51. According to the results obtained, the authors verified an agreement between the three methods: Relative Performance of Genetic Values (PRVG), Harmonic Average of Genotypic Values (MHVG) and Harmonic Mean of Relative Performance of Genetic Values (MHPRVG) for average fruits production per plant (PP), number of fruits per plant (NF) and in vitro pollen viability (IVPV), showing the high degree of agreement in the ordering of materials. Thus, it is possible to indicate that the genotypes with the best productive performance, adaptability and stability in the evaluated environments were CNPH135×CNPH60, CNPH135×CNPH51, CNPH135×CNPH141, CNPH109, CNPH109×CNPH60 and CNPH109×CNPH141.","PeriodicalId":56307,"journal":{"name":"Horticultura Brasileira","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46237928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early flowering, genetic dissimilarity and clustering of lettuce cultivars with thermoinhibition tolerant seeds","authors":"H. C. R. Catão, L. Gomes, A. M. Azevedo, A. Siquieroli, G. Maciel, Pamela GN Freitas","doi":"10.1590/s0102-0536-20220105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-0536-20220105","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT High temperatures interfere with lettuce cropping. Thermoinhibition of seed germination and early flowering cause important losses for farmers. The objectives of this work were to evaluate the tolerance to early flowering, to verify the genetic dissimilarity and to select lettuce cultivars tolerant to seed thermoinhibition. 18 cultivars were evaluated. The number of days until the first anthesis was verified for early flowering. Regarding seed thermoinhibition, the first and final germination counting and germination speed index were evaluated, using temperatures of 20, 25, 30 and 35ºC. The analyses were performed immediately after harvest and after six months under storage. The genetic dissimilarity was obtained using the Tocher Graph optimization and hierarchical UPGMA methods. Regression models were adjusted, and curves’ clustering was performed by testing the identity of the models. Early flowering was observed in cultivars Floresta, Colorado, Grand Rapids, and Everglades. Cultivars showed genetic variability and are dissimilar regarding tolerance to thermoinhibition. By clustering the regression equations, it was possible to select thermoinhibition tolerant cultivars.","PeriodicalId":56307,"journal":{"name":"Horticultura Brasileira","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46217442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonparametric indexes in selecting advanced potato clones","authors":"A. D. Carvalho, G. Silva, A. Pereira, F. Q. Azevedo, C. F. Ragassi","doi":"10.1590/s0102-0536-20220102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-0536-20220102","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study aimed to test nonparametric selection indexes for selection of advanced potato clones and identification of those that are likely to become cultivars. The experiments were carried out in 2016 and 2017 crop seasons, from May to August, in the experimental field of Embrapa Vegetables. Seventeen advanced potato clones and two check cultivars (Agata and Asterix) were evaluated. A randomized complete block design with four replications was used. Experimental plots consisted of a 3 m row, with 10 tubers spaced 30 cm apart within and 80 cm between rows. At 115 days after planting, tubers of each plot were harvested, classified, counted and weighed. Analysis of variance was performed and the following nonparametric selection indexes were applied: weight-free index, sum of ranks index and distance of the genotype-ideotype index. The three selection indexes coincided with the choice of the best genotypes, with the first two being superior, because the weight-free index was more restrictive than the other indexes. Among the selected clones, F97-07-08 and F183-08-01 stood out for being coincident in the three indexes. In addition to these, clones F158-08-01 and F18-09-03 were also selected by the indexes of the genotype-ideotype and sum of ranks.","PeriodicalId":56307,"journal":{"name":"Horticultura Brasileira","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42084809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cattleya Aurora’s Little Ian: a novelty mini semper-flowering material and a genetic parameter for superior clone selection","authors":"Nelson B Machado-Neto, J. F. Fileti, C. C. Custódio","doi":"10.1590/s0102-0536-20220115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-0536-20220115","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Orchids are an important horticultural culture. Cattleya and its allies are among the most used ornamental group of this plant family. Cattleya hybrids normally are big pot plants with a determined flowering season (spring, summer, autumn or winter), so a small plant with vivid and multi-flowered spikes coloured and non-determined flowering season is desired. The hybrid Cattleya Aurora’s Little Ian is a new small pink-reddish hybrid flower, producing over four small to medium flowers per bunch. For the first time there is a description of a parameter, petal width, with heritability estimation and efficient to select superior clones derived from plants of the Section Cyrtolaelia in the Cattleya hybrid group. It could be easily grown either at shade house or at windowsill emitting shoots and flowering freely in each new shoot, independent of photo or thermoperiod, as long as it is kept in good growing conditions.","PeriodicalId":56307,"journal":{"name":"Horticultura Brasileira","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43963991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ornamental cauliflower production using growth regulator","authors":"A. G. Teixeira, M. D. C. Parajara, Fábio Luiz Oliveira, M. Zucoloto, L. Dalvi","doi":"10.1590/s0102-0536-20220110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-0536-20220110","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Some vegetables have been used as an innovation in the ornamental plant market, such as cauliflower, which has well-defined morphological traits. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of paclobutrazol, applied via soil, in order to produce cauliflower for ornamental purposes. The design used was completely randomized with five treatments and seven replicates. The treatments consisted of doses of the growth regulator paclobutrazol (PBZ) (0.5; 1.0; 1.5; 2.0 mg dm-3) and the control (without application). For vegetative growth, we evaluated number of leaves, stem diameter, plant height, leaf area, total chlorophyll, flavonoid index, and nitrogen balance. For production, we evaluated fresh mass of shoot and root, fresh and dry weight, diameter and length of the inflorescences. The application of PBZ promoted significant changes in the development of the cauliflower, resulting in more compact plants, with shorter stems, smaller leaves and a more intense green color (visual observation), and also early inflorescence emission. The authors verified higher fresh and dry weight, diameter and longer inflorescence with application of 0.5 mg dm-3 of PBZ, demonstrating the potential of PBZ to obtain mini cauliflower to serve the potted plant market.","PeriodicalId":56307,"journal":{"name":"Horticultura Brasileira","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47569102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}