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Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences最新文献

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Funny Origins of the Big Bang Theory 《生活大爆炸》的搞笑起源
IF 0.5 3区 哲学
Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.1525/HSNS.2021.51.1.87
Alexandre Bagdonas, Alexei Kojevnikov
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引用次数: 1
Secrecy and the Genesis of the 1951 Dutch-Norwegian Nuclear Reactor 1951年荷兰-挪威核反应堆的秘密和起源
IF 0.5 3区 哲学
Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.1525/HSNS.2021.51.1.48
Machiel Kleemans
{"title":"Secrecy and the Genesis of the 1951 Dutch-Norwegian Nuclear Reactor","authors":"Machiel Kleemans","doi":"10.1525/HSNS.2021.51.1.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1525/HSNS.2021.51.1.48","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the restrictions on knowledge and materials of the Anglo-American nuclear monopoly in the early Cold War, Norway and the Netherlands managed to build and operate a joint nuclear reactor by July 1951. They were the first countries to do so after the Great Powers. Their success was largely due to the combination of the strategic materials of heavy water (Norway) and uranium (the Netherlands). Nonetheless, they had to overcome significant political and technical obstacles. In that process a number of specific nuclear secrets played a central role. This case is used to study how and why knowledge circulation was impeded by secrecy. Specifically, I will explore four different secrets that illustrate how the Netherlands and Norway, being outside the British and American secrecy regimes, chafed against those regimes. Knowledge circulation was enabled through relations within networks that were at the same time scientific, diplomatic, and personal. I will identify three main factors that affected the mobility of information: the availability of strategic nuclear materials, the scientists’ individual interactions, and national interests.","PeriodicalId":56130,"journal":{"name":"Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences","volume":"72 5","pages":"48-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72403337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
The Vaccine 疫苗
IF 0.5 3区 哲学
Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.1525/hsns.2021.51.1.162
Dora Vargha
{"title":"The Vaccine","authors":"Dora Vargha","doi":"10.1525/hsns.2021.51.1.162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1525/hsns.2021.51.1.162","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56130,"journal":{"name":"Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75559652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Curve 曲线
IF 0.5 3区 哲学
Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-41714-6_36139
Christopher J Phillips
{"title":"The Curve","authors":"Christopher J Phillips","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-41714-6_36139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41714-6_36139","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56130,"journal":{"name":"Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81697527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The Mask 面具
IF 0.5 3区 哲学
Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.1525/hsns.2021.51.1.155
Sharrona Pearl
{"title":"The Mask","authors":"Sharrona Pearl","doi":"10.1525/hsns.2021.51.1.155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1525/hsns.2021.51.1.155","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56130,"journal":{"name":"Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85699596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Ventilator 通风机
IF 0.5 3区 哲学
Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.1525/hsns.2021.51.1.165
Oriana Walker
{"title":"The Ventilator","authors":"Oriana Walker","doi":"10.1525/hsns.2021.51.1.165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1525/hsns.2021.51.1.165","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56130,"journal":{"name":"Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82213697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Designing the Virus 设计病毒
IF 0.5 3区 哲学
Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.1525/HSNS.2021.51.1.140
Emily Candela
{"title":"Designing the Virus","authors":"Emily Candela","doi":"10.1525/HSNS.2021.51.1.140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1525/HSNS.2021.51.1.140","url":null,"abstract":"‘Designing the Virus’ brings together my ongoing research across the histories of science and design in two specific areas: practices of visualizing viruses for both scientific and public communication; and design in response to risk. In 2020, these areas intersected in a way that was impossible, as a researcher, to ignore, when a medical illustration of coronavirus released by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) took on life in a way that no previous scientific image has done, as a frequently cut-and-pasted, remixed, and broadcast signal not only of the danger posed by the virus, but of the pandemic itself. \u0000 \u0000By summer 2020, the ‘spiky blob’ coronavirus illustration had grown prevalent in the visual culture of numerous countries across the globe. This essay, written in August 2020 in part as a ‘timestamp’ of the period, questions what it means for a biomedical image to become an icon for a global crisis. I analyse the image from interdisciplinary angles of the history of graphic design for public health communication and scientific image-making practices, draw upon published interviews with the CDC’s medical illustrators, and build on recent research in disaster studies that critiques the notion of ‘natural disaster’. The medical illustration of the coronavirus presents an unusual case in the history of public risk communication, as a stand-alone scientific image that has come to act as a piece of wordless risk communication. I argue that this image, and its widespread dissemination in the US (and beyond), ‘implicitly reinforces a specific position within the politics of risk that have been unfolding in the US during the pandemic: that the overriding threat is the virus itself, divorced from the social, political, and environmental factors that shape how lives across the globe are affected by this pathogen’.","PeriodicalId":56130,"journal":{"name":"Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences","volume":"51 1","pages":"140-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82130348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Fechner on a Walk 费契纳在散步
IF 0.5 3区 哲学
Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.1525/HSNS.2021.51.1.1
Josh Bauchner
{"title":"Fechner on a Walk","authors":"Josh Bauchner","doi":"10.1525/HSNS.2021.51.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1525/HSNS.2021.51.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"The Leipzig physicist Gustav Theodor Fechner (1801–88) is best known for his introduction of psychophysics, an exact, empirical science of the relations between mind and body and a crucial part of nineteenth-century sensory physiology and experimental psychology. Based on an extensive and close reading of Fechner’s diaries, this article considers psychophysics from the vantage of his everyday life, specifically the experience of taking a walk. This experience was not mere fodder for his scientific practice, as backdrop, object, or tool. Rather, on foot, Fechner pursued an investigation of the mind-body parallel to his natural-scientific one; in each domain, he strove to render the mind-body graspable, each in its own idiom, here everyday and there scientific. I give an account of Fechner’s walks as experiences that he both undertook and underwent, that shaped and were shaped by the surrounding everyday cacophony, and that carried a number of competing meanings for Fechner himself; the attendant analysis draws on his major scientific work, Elemente der Psychophysik (1860; Elements of Psychophysics), as the thick context that renders the walks legible as an everyday investigation. What results are three modes of walking—physiopsychical, interpersonal, and universal—each engaging the mind-body at a different level, as also engaged separately in Elemente’s three major sections, outer psychophysics, inner psychophysics, and general psychophysics beyond the human. This analysis ultimately leads to a new view of Fechner’s belief in a God who was “omnipresent and conscious in nature” and whom Fechner encountered daily on his walks in the budding of new blooms and rustling of the wind. More broadly, I aim to bring the analysis of everyday experiences as experiences into the historiography of science.","PeriodicalId":56130,"journal":{"name":"Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"1-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87673209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Essential Worker 必不可少的员工
IF 0.5 3区 哲学
Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.1525/HSNS.2021.51.1.146
P. Gastón
{"title":"The Essential Worker","authors":"P. Gastón","doi":"10.1525/HSNS.2021.51.1.146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1525/HSNS.2021.51.1.146","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56130,"journal":{"name":"Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"146-150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88332782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Korean Medicine 韩国医学
IF 0.5 3区 哲学
Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences Pub Date : 2020-11-23 DOI: 10.1525/hsns.2020.50.5.633
Harry Yi-Jui Wu
{"title":"Korean Medicine","authors":"Harry Yi-Jui Wu","doi":"10.1525/hsns.2020.50.5.633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1525/hsns.2020.50.5.633","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56130,"journal":{"name":"Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":"633-640"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76921284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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