Perspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics最新文献

{"title":"Puzzling androecium development in Bauhinia galpinii (Fabaceae) facilitates wing pollination by butterflies","authors":"Andrews V.S. Silva ,&nbsp;Steven D. Johnson ,&nbsp;Vidal F. Mansano ,&nbsp;Louis P. Ronse De Craene ,&nbsp;Giseli D. Pedersoli ,&nbsp;Juliana V. Paulino","doi":"10.1016/j.ppees.2024.125832","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ppees.2024.125832","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Floral adaptation to pollinators often involves key modifications of floral development. We investigated floral development and its function for pollination in <em>Bauhinia galpinii</em>, a legume species native to eastern and southern Africa with a unique arrangement of stamens and staminodes. Flowers and floral buds at different stages were prepared for observation under Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Light Microscopy (ML), and X-ray Computed Tomography (XCT). Pollinator observations were conducted in populations in southern Africa and floral advertising and reward traits were quantified. Five (rarely six) sepals emerge helically, followed by the petal primordia in unidirectional order. The carpel arises synchronously with the stamens and expands rapidly. Stamen initiation occurs unidirectionally, with three abaxial antesepalous stamens fully developing while other stamen primordia remain sterile and underdeveloped (staminodial). The number of adaxial staminode tips can fluctuate by branching, regardless of their original whorl. Concentric collateral bundles supply all the staminodes. Swallowtail butterflies transfer pollen through their fluttering wings that touch the abaxial anthers and stigma while feeding on nectar in the hypanthium located on the adaxial side. <em>Bauhinia galpinii</em> exhibits an androecium characterised by secondary, unstable branching of staminodes, which form adaptive structures suited to its pollinators. The variation in androecium structure may be attributed to heterochronic changes during development, marked by an early carpel initiation and its basal expansion leading to spatial restriction. This ontogenetic contingency, associated with selective pressures from pollinators, notably swallowtail butterflies, seems to play a role in selecting this complex and distinct floral architecture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56093,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 125832"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate-dependent distribution of Lemna minor, L. turionifera and L. × japonica (Lemnaceae) in temperate Eurasia and high variability of their genome size","authors":"Polina A. Volkova ,&nbsp;Maria O. Ivanova ,&nbsp;Denis Yu. Efimov ,&nbsp;Elena V. Chemeris ,&nbsp;Yulia S. Vinogradova ,&nbsp;Oleg G. Grishutkin ,&nbsp;Nikita K. Konotop ,&nbsp;Lyudmila A. Efimova ,&nbsp;Nikita P. Tikhomirov ,&nbsp;Nadezhda V. Zueva ,&nbsp;Alexander A. Bobrov","doi":"10.1016/j.ppees.2024.125831","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ppees.2024.125831","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In spite of a burst of duckweed biology studies, understanding their diversity is still in progress. We examined 174 reliably-identified (intron length polymorphism in TUBB1) samples of the <em>Lemna minor</em> complex from East Europe and North Asia (41 localities of <em>L. minor</em>, 58 localities of <em>L. turionifera</em>, and 75 localities of their hybrid, <em>L.</em> × <em>japonica</em>) and described clear patterns of their distribution. It is mainly determined by climatic preferences (i.e., the ability to survive unfavorable conditions). Namely, the ranges of <em>L. minor</em> and <em>L. turionifera</em> in the lowlands are separated by the Urals, with populations located west and east of these mountains respectively and coinciding with an eastward increase of climate continentality. However, historical (i.e. European origin of the species) and not ecological factors should explain the absence of <em>L. minor</em> in rather mild climate of the southern Russian Far East. The hybrid has an intermediate ability to tolerate continental climate, and co-occurs with one of its parents. In southern mountains (the Caucasus and Tian-Shan) the three taxa are separated by local climate conditions, determined by the terrain. We revealed high continuous variability of genome sizes within each taxon (two-fold in <em>L. minor</em> and <em>L. turionifera</em>; three-fold in <em>L.</em> × <em>japonica</em>), which is not explained by environmental factors. We propose an approach for distinguishing these three taxa in temperate Eurasia using morphology. We have not documented the invasive spread of <em>L. aequinoctialis</em>, <em>L. minuta</em> and <em>L. turionifera</em> in East Europe.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56093,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 125831"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142594148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An ecological and evolutionary approach to arboreal communities under different environmental stress conditions","authors":"Carolina Njaime Mendes ,&nbsp;Vanessa Leite Rezende ,&nbsp;Ravi Fernandes Mariano ,&nbsp;Cléber Rodrigo de Souza ,&nbsp;Rubens Manoel dos Santos ,&nbsp;Marco Aurélio Leite Fontes","doi":"10.1016/j.ppees.2024.125828","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ppees.2024.125828","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biodiversity distribution patterns and the ecological processes underlying them reflect how organisms respond to abiotic and biotic factors that interact across both space and time. In this study, we aimed to test the hypothesis that small-scale environmental variations shape ecological and phylogenetic patterns in arboreal communities through environmental filters created by the specific conditions of each environment examined. We investigated a mosaic of Atlantic forest environments, analyzing species composition, community dynamics, and phylogenetic relationships among the various environments. This approach provided valuable insight into how environmental factors influence the ecological differentiation of these communities. Variations in conditions and resources produced environmental filters that resulted in significant small-scale heterogeneity in species composition, community dynamics, and evolutionary relationships among the environments. By considering the dynamic interations between biotic and abiotic factors, we conclude that the prevailing environmental conditions at these sites play a crucial role in shaping the behavior and distribution of the species that inhabit them.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56093,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 125828"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142432276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring standardized functional leaf traits of aquatic carnivorous plants – challenges and opportunities","authors":"Rossano Bolpagni ,&nbsp;Adamec Lubomír ,&nbsp;Dalla Vecchia Alice","doi":"10.1016/j.ppees.2024.125826","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ppees.2024.125826","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aquatic carnivorous plants (ACP) are an important component of humic nutrient-poor freshwater environments. However, these habitats are facing multiple impacts that ultimately lead to habitat degradation and declining ACP populations. Functional traits, particularly those within the leaf economics spectrum, are a valuable tool for studying plant adaptation strategies and plasticity. Given their unique morphological structure, ACP are essentially excluded from functional comparisons, which potentially limits our knowledge about the ecological roles of these species compared to non-carnivorous ones. In this study, we developed a protocol for measuring the leaf functional traits of ACP (leaf fresh and dry weight, leaf area, leaf dry matter content, specific leaf area, leaf pigment content, leaf phosphorus, nitrogen and carbon contents), and carnivory-related traits (number of traps and investment in carnivory). We measured 15 traits in seven ACP species (<em>Aldrovanda vesiculosa</em>, <em>Utricularia australis</em>, <em>U. bremii</em>, <em>U. intermedia</em>, <em>U. ochroleuca</em>, <em>U. stygia, U. vulgaris</em>), grown in the outdoor collection of aquatic and wetland plants of the Institute of Botany CAS at Třeboň, the Czech Republic. We used the functional traits of other macrophyte groups/species (lemnids, <em>Nuphar lutea</em>, <em>Ceratophyllum demersum</em>), collected with a similar methodology, to assess the comparability of ACP traits. We identified the “functional unit”, a modular structure, including one leaf node, plus an internode, which performs the function of a leaf in ACP, and selected its position along the stem to reflect species-specific growth rates. We collected 714 new trait records for the target ACP. Based on a multivariate trait space representation (PCA), ACP were distinct from the other macrophyte groups/species, which highlights these species’ structural and physiological peculiarities. Nonetheless, ACP entirely overlapped the comparison data along the first PCA axis, and most of the traits lay within the ranges observed for other macrophyte groups/species, which demonstrates the comparability of the ACP traits measured by the new protocol. Applying this protocol in ecological studies could shed light on the adaptations of ACP to environmental variability, with important conservation implications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56093,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 125826"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1433831924000490/pdfft?md5=06272a42e999dacce4edfc4a9212e1d8&pid=1-s2.0-S1433831924000490-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142312374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No support for the optimal allocation to indirect plant defenses mediated by ant-hemipteran interactions","authors":"Vitor M. Costa-Silva ,&nbsp;Eduardo Soares Calixto ,&nbsp;Xoaquín Moreira ,&nbsp;Kleber Del-Claro","doi":"10.1016/j.ppees.2024.125827","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ppees.2024.125827","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Optimal Defense Theory (ODT) postulates that reproductive structures should be more heavily defended because they contribute the most to a plant's fitness and have the highest probability of being attacked by herbivores. Ants can provide indirect defense to plants through their mutualistic interactions with hemipteran insects. In this well-studied interaction, ants provide protection to hemipterans against their natural enemies (e.g., predators and parasitic wasps) in exchange for the sugar-rich honeydew secreted by hemipterans. In turn, ants attending hemipterans can indirectly benefit plants by suppressing other harmful herbivores. Despite the numerous investigations of this ant-hemipteran mutualism, patterns of optimal allocation to indirect plant defenses mediated by this mutualistic interaction have not been previously investigated. In this study, we evaluated whether allocation to indirect plant defenses mediated by ant-hemipteran interactions and the effectiveness of such indirect defenses differ between vegetative branches (with only leaves) and reproductive branches (with leaves and inflorescences) of the tropical shrub <em>Solanum lycocarpum</em>. For this, we selected plants with aggregations of the ant-tended hemipteran <em>Enchenopa brasiliensis</em> in both reproductive and vegetative branches. We then estimated indirect defenses (measured as the production of sugar in the plant sap and hemipteran honeydew, as well as ant attraction), and their effectiveness in terms of plant protection by ants (measured as the damage and survival of leaf-chewing herbivores). Supporting ODT predictions, we found that the sugar concentration in the plant sap, and consequently in hemipteran honeydew, was higher in reproductive than in vegetative branches. However, the increase in sugar concentration in hemipteran honeydew did not result in greater ant attraction to reproductive branches. Additionally, contrary to ODT predictions, we found that ants attending hemipterans did not enhance plant protection against leaf-chewing herbivores on reproductive branches. Overall, our study demonstrated that the patterns of allocation to indirect defenses mediated by ant-hemipteran interactions in S. lycocarpum plants did not support the predictions of the ODT.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56093,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 125827"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142314330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polyploidisation and niche differentiation drive the diversification of the Euphorbia epithymoides group (Euphorbiaceae) in southeastern Europe","authors":"Sanja Z. Đurović ,&nbsp;Martina Temunović ,&nbsp;Peter Schönswetter ,&nbsp;Božo Frajman","doi":"10.1016/j.ppees.2024.125825","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ppees.2024.125825","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Species groups spanning large areas of southeastern Europe gained little attention in phylogenetic studies. We here inferred relationships within the <em>Euphorbia epithymoides</em> group, distributed across the Balkan Peninsula, the southeastern margin of the Alps, the Pannonian Basin, and the Carpathians, and explored how polyploidisation is related to environmental niche differentiation. We used an integrative approach, including phylogenetic analyses (AFLP fingerprinting, ITS sequencing), estimates of ploidy level based on relative genome size, multivariate morphometrics, environmental niche analyses and species distribution modelling. Dating analyses inferred the origin of the <em>E. epithymoides</em> group at the Miocene/Pliocene boundary. Environmental changes facilitated the main divergence within the group, leading to the polyploid origin of <em>E. fragifera</em> and its niche contraction to a warmer Mediterranean climate. Within the more widespread and mesophyllous <em>E. epithymoides</em> s.l., the main genetic divergence, although with considerable geneflow, occurred in the central Balkan Peninsula. It was not accompanied by pronounced morphological differentiation, but rather by significant divergence of genome sizes and environmental niches. Our results corroborate the niche shift hypothesis as one of the powerful mechanisms for overcoming the minority cytotype exclusion after polyploidisation. Distribution modelling highlights the importance of the southern and eastern Balkan Peninsula and the adjacent Carpathians for the large-scale long-term survival and persistence of mesophilous (forest) vegetation throughout the Pleistocene. With exception of distinct <em>E. fragifera</em>, all other taxa (<em>E. epithymoides</em>, <em>E. gregersenii</em>, <em>E. lingulata</em>) should rather be considered subspecies of widespread, morphologically and ecologically variable <em>E. epithymoides</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56093,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 125825"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142441979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The species richness–resource availability relationship is hump-shaped","authors":"Byron B. Lamont","doi":"10.1016/j.ppees.2024.125824","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ppees.2024.125824","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ecological theory shows that, as resource availability increases, the number of related species (S) rises from zero at first, reaches a peak (optimum), and then falls to zero again to form a unimodal (hump-shaped) curve. Although rarely demonstrated, I show support for the unimodal, S-environment model exists among studies of soil nutrients and pH, substrate water, air temperature, evapotranspiration, sunlight, fire frequency (as a surrogate for resource turnover), herbivory, and plant density and productivity (as surrogates for resource availability). The rising left-hand side of the curve is due to a positive response to the controlling variable (e.g., soil nutrients) and the falling right-hand side to metabolic suppression by supraoptimal levels (e.g., protein denaturation by heat) or the retarding effect of secondary variables (e.g., increasing self shading). Statistically significant shape outcomes depend on range of the variable tested, scale of the study, taxonomy and life form of the targeted species assemblage, extent that species are distributed along the gradient, type of curve hypothesized, and extent to which the study continues to zero S. Interpretations should consider whether the left tail of the curve will terminate at the origin (0,0). Mechanistic explanations for the unimodal pattern may involve species interactions, such as individual fitness at the microscale optimizing at moderate abundance in the species mix, the inevitable increasing presence of inhibitory secondary effects, and existence of more resource-use generalists than specialists. Six reasons for lack of support for the unimodal hypothesis are noted. Support for the unimodal model is more likely the greater the range of the variable tested and the greater its causative link to S. The concept of ‘prediction’ in ecology needs to go beyond the tradition of (curvi)linear relationships and accept that most relationships in nature are (must be) unimodal.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56093,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 125824"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1433831924000477/pdfft?md5=30f432da26fe84face0fdee13681f0f8&pid=1-s2.0-S1433831924000477-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142229195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geography and associated bioclimatic factors differentially affect leaf phenolics in three ivy species (Hedera L.) across the Iberian Peninsula","authors":"Angélica Gallego-Narbón ,&nbsp;Eduardo Narbona ,&nbsp;Marina Coca-de-la-Iglesia ,&nbsp;Virginia Valcárcel","doi":"10.1016/j.ppees.2024.125822","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ppees.2024.125822","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in plants, especially that of phenolic compounds, is stimulated to protect against several environmental stress factors such as cold temperatures, drought, and UV-irradiance. As a result, when a species occurs under different climatic conditions, differences in phenolic accumulation are expected across species distribution in response to the environmental cues. However, our understanding of phenolic compounds' natural variation is limited, as most of our knowledge on secondary metabolite biosynthesis stems from experimental studies conducted under controlled conditions. In this study we analyze phenolic content and its relation to climatic and geographic variation in three closely related <em>Hedera</em> species (<em>H. helix</em>, <em>H. hibernica</em> and <em>H. iberica</em>) across their southwestern range limits in the Iberian Peninsula (82 populations, 401 individuals). The Iberian Peninsula concentrates the highest global species richness of <em>Hedera</em>, with the three species sharing range boundaries along the latitudinal and longitudinal climatic gradient of the region. We found that the three species exhibited different climatic and geographic patterns of phenolic content variation in the study area. The phenolic production in <em>H. helix</em> increased with elevation in relation to the decrease of temperature and the increase of temperature contrast, whereas in <em>H. hibernica</em> varies with latitude in relation to summer temperature and precipitation regimes, increasing in areas with no summer drought. In contrast, we did not find any environmental variables associated with phenolic content in <em>H. iberica</em>, likely due to its narrow geographic and climatic range and a higher influence of microclimatic conditions. Although the three <em>Hedera</em> species are closely related, our results suggest that leaf phenolic production may be triggered by different environmental conditions in each species. Our study underscores the species-specific nature of phenolic compounds' role in plant stress response.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56093,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 125822"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1433831924000453/pdfft?md5=6316881049166ec92a020762be07bfd8&pid=1-s2.0-S1433831924000453-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142149895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevational patterns of plant species richness and phylogenetic diversity in a Mediterranean island","authors":"Michele Di Musciano ,&nbsp;Giacomo Calvia ,&nbsp;Alessandro Ruggero ,&nbsp;Emmanuele Farris ,&nbsp;Lorenzo Ricci ,&nbsp;Anna Rita Frattaroli ,&nbsp;Simonetta Bagella","doi":"10.1016/j.ppees.2024.125815","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ppees.2024.125815","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Understanding the abiotic factors influencing biodiversity patterns on Earth is a crucial task for conservation scientists. At the regional level, meso-climate factors, primarily associated with elevational gradients, are of great importance. However, disentangling these factors can be challenging due to the influence of other variables, such as geological substrata. To address this issue and better understand elevational gradients, it is essential to study geologically homogeneous terrains, particularly in Mediterranean islands where such research is lacking. In this study, we investigated the distribution of plant species richness along the elevational gradient of the Limbara massif, which consists predominantly of granite rocks and ranks as the third-highest peak in Sardinia at 1359 m a.s.l. We employed generalized linear models to analyze richness patterns, considering various factors, including all plant species, functional species groups categorized by Raunkiær life forms, chorological groups of species, alien species and phylogenetic diversity. Our findings revealed a hump-shaped model of species richness along the elevational gradient, with lower elevations exhibiting the highest species richness. Additionally, endemic species richness increased with higher elevations, while alien species were predominantly found at lower elevations. These results indicate that the Limbara massif possesses a significant elevational gradient in species composition, likely reflecting a unique plant evolutionary history. Furthermore, we emphasize the importance of published floras as valuable sources of biodiversity data for such studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56093,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 125815"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1433831924000386/pdfft?md5=8218dbe761c65136c9ed6e6b3d3dc5cf&pid=1-s2.0-S1433831924000386-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142149896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial distributions and edge relationships of plant communities in coastal barrens in Nova Scotia, Canada","authors":"Michael Buckland-Nicks ,&nbsp;Caitlin Porter ,&nbsp;Jeremy Lundholm","doi":"10.1016/j.ppees.2024.125823","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ppees.2024.125823","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Coastal barrens support varied vegetation that includes wetlands, dwarf shrublands, and small patches of forest. Forest expansion, sea-level rise and recreational trails affect plant communities but spatial vegetation patterns within barrens are unknown. Using high-resolution multispectral aerial imagery, we classified plant communities and other land cover types using 500 m x 500 m landcover maps at three coastal barrens sites on the Atlantic coast of Nova Scotia, Canada. Community patches were compared using size and shape metrics; shared edge length identified adjacent communities. Community distributions were modelled using environmental variables such as elevation and distance to coast. Forty distinct plant communities were detected, with shrublands (37.5 % total area), dwarf shrublands (23.3 %) and bog wetlands (13.9 %) the most abundant. Average patch size was 9.2 m²; average patch density was 951 patches/ha, indicating fine scale community variability. Recreational vehicle trails occurred primarily in bog wetlands. Dwarf shrublands and some wetland types were closest to the coastline; taller shrublands and tree islands occurred further from the coast. Edge relationships revealed a vegetation height gradient across the forest-barren ecotone: tree islands were mostly adjacent to tall shrub communities, followed by progressively shorter vegetation. Topographic variability and distance to coast were important predictors of community distribution. Edge relationships among communities allowed identification of those most at risk from trail disturbance, forest expansion and coastal squeeze.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56093,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 125823"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142149878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}