Mirka Normand, Tiffany S Tang, Jean-Michel Brismée, Stéphane Sobczak
{"title":"Clinical evaluation of thumb base osteoarthritis: A scoping review.","authors":"Mirka Normand, Tiffany S Tang, Jean-Michel Brismée, Stéphane Sobczak","doi":"10.1177/17589983211002560","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17589983211002560","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Thumb base osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent hand OA phenotype, associated with specific risk factors, treatment strategies, and requiring a distinct subset of evaluative approaches. This paper aimed at surveying our clinical evaluative methods and identifying gaps in our ability to capture the thumb's unique attributes and how they could impact our treatment recommendations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A scoping review was conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology to gather relevant published and non-published articles regarding clinical tests currently available to assess the physical presentation of thumb base OA with special consideration of its specific multifactorial parameters namely architecture, ligaments, biomechanics, neuromuscular control, and proprioception. A full search strategy of MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Clinical Trials.gov from their inception through May 2020 was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1936 citation identified, 54 met the inclusion criteria. Fifty-two clinical physical tests for the evaluation of thumb base OA were extracted, most of which well suited to address research questions regarding efficacy of clinical intervention, however providing limited information regarding the underlying impairments of ligaments, biomechanics, neuromuscular or proprioceptive components.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The tests and measures specific to the basal thumb OA phenotype, and capable of isolating its multifactorial contributors are scarce. Our limited physical assessment repertoire impedes our ability to describe and answer explicative research questions. Without these we cannot evaluate the effect of conservative management and provide specific treatment recommendations. Further research is needed to develop and validate distinct clinical tools for this debilitating pathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":56087,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Mechanics and Applied Mathematics","volume":"9 1","pages":"63-78"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10634380/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83277000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Two-Scale Analysis for a Spherical Pendulum with a Vertically Vibrating Pivot","authors":"R. E. Grundy","doi":"10.1093/QJMAM/HBAA022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/QJMAM/HBAA022","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this article, we consider the behaviour of a simple undamped spherical pendulum subject to high-frequency small amplitude vertical oscillations of its pivot. We use the method of multiple scales to derive an autonomous ordinary differential equation describing the slow time behaviour of the polar angle which generalises the Kapitza equation for the plane problem. We analyse the phase plane structure of this equation and show that for a range of parameter values there are conical orbits which lie entirely above the horizontal. Going further, we identify a family of quasi-conical orbits some of which may lie entirely above the pivot and establish that initial conditions can be chosen so that precession is eliminated for these orbits. For the general initial value problem, we show that the leading order solutions for the polar and azimuthal angles diverge significantly from their exact counterparts. However, by consolidating the slow scale error term into the leading order structure we may construct extremely accurate solutions for the slow scale evolution of the system. These solutions, confirmed by exact numerical simulations, show that by suitable choice of initial data orbital precession can be eliminated.","PeriodicalId":56087,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Mechanics and Applied Mathematics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/QJMAM/HBAA022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44246408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Piezoelectric Machines: Achieving Non-Standard Actuation and Sensing Properties in Poled Ceramics","authors":"G. Saccomandi, E. Speranzini, G. Zurlo","doi":"10.1093/QJMAM/HBAB002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/QJMAM/HBAB002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In the framework of linear piezoelectric ceramics, we study the deformations of a circular infinite hollow cylinder, subjected to a potential difference between the inner and outer surfaces. When the poling direction is perfectly aligned with the cylinder axis, the solution to this problem is a trivial axisymmetric anti-plane state. However, when the poling direction has an offset angle with respect to the cylinder axis, the corresponding behavior becomes more complex, with the anti-plane state coupled to an in-plane, potentially non axisymmetric, deformation. In this work, we show that this structural coupling, due to the poling direction, can be fruitfully exploited to achieve non-standard actuation and sensing properties, like the possibility to generate a torque under axially symmetric electromechanical controls.","PeriodicalId":56087,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Mechanics and Applied Mathematics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42228000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Radiation of waves by a thin cap submerged in ice-covered ocean","authors":"Arijit Das, S. De, B. Mandal","doi":"10.1093/qjmam/hbaa011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmam/hbaa011","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The present article is concerned with the radiation of flexural gravity waves due to a thin cap submerged in the ice-covered ocean. The problem is reduced to a system of hypersingular integral equations using the boundary perturbation method. The first-order approximation has only been considered. The effects of the rigidity of the ice sheet and depth of submergence on the added mass and damping coefficient have been analysed. Two types of caps (for example, concave upwards and concave downwards) have been considered for the numerical results. The effect of the concavity on added mass and damping coefficient has also been studied. The present study should be helpful to understand the nature of waves generated by a heaving submerged body in an ice-covered ocean.","PeriodicalId":56087,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Mechanics and Applied Mathematics","volume":"73 1","pages":"261-278"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/qjmam/hbaa011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45673695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Two-Dimensional Waves in A Chiral Elastic Chain: Dynamic Green's Matrices and Localised Defect Modes","authors":"I. Jones, N. Movchan, A. Movchan","doi":"10.1093/QJMAM/HBAA014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/QJMAM/HBAA014","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article presents new analytical work on the analysis of waves in chiral elastic chains. The notion of dynamic chirality, well established and explored for electromagnetic waves in magnetised media, is less common for elastic solids. Indeed, it is even less common to observe vector wave problems in an elastic chain. Here, it is shown that the physical system, described by a vector formulation for waves in a chiral chain, can simultaneously support Floquet–Bloch waves in addition to localised waveforms, subject to the appropriate choice of the frequency interval. We construct and analyse dynamic Green’s matrices and identify exponentially localised defect modes, which correspond to spatially confined elliptical motion of nodal inertial elements, around the perturbed cell of the chiral chain. Special attention is given to the case of the dynamic degeneracy. Analytical findings are accompanied by numerical illustrations and examples.","PeriodicalId":56087,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Mechanics and Applied Mathematics","volume":"73 1","pages":"305-328"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44356897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Image Force on a Screw Dislocation Inside an Elastic or a Piezoelectric Inhomogeneity of Arbitrary Shape","authors":"Xu Wang, Ping Yang, P. Schiavone","doi":"10.1093/QJMAM/HBAA015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/QJMAM/HBAA015","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 A novel and effective method is proposed to determine the image force acting on a screw dislocation located inside an elastic inhomogeneity of arbitrary shape perfectly bonded to an infinite elastic matrix. The basis for our representation of the image force stems from the fact that the analytic function defined inside the elastic inhomogeneity can be conveniently constructed from the continuity conditions of traction and displacement across the perfect interface. An identical method is employed to derive the image force on a screw dislocation inside a piezoelectric inhomogeneity of arbitrary shape.","PeriodicalId":56087,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Mechanics and Applied Mathematics","volume":"73 1","pages":"347-365"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41454408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}