International Journal of Evidence-Based Healthcare最新文献

{"title":"The Work Organisation Assessment Questionnaire: validation for use with community nurses and paramedics.","authors":"Leila Karimi,&nbsp;Jodi Oakman","doi":"10.1097/XEB.0000000000000222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/XEB.0000000000000222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The current study aimed to assess the suitability of the Work Organisation Assessment Questionnaire (WOAQ) for use in the healthcare sector, specifically for community nurses and paramedics. Community nurses and paramedics work in complex environments and are exposed to a range of psychosocial hazards linked with the development of musculoskeletal and mental health disorders. To reduce the incidence of these disorders, assessment and then control of psychosocial hazards is required. WOAQ addresses this need through an employee survey to identify key hazards, with the responses used to underpin a participative development of solutions.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Using a bifactor model, the WOAQ and five nested factors were cross validated using a sample of 1255 community nurses and paramedics using data collected in 2011 and 2012.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of metric invariance testing demonstrated that the WOAQ is a valid tool across health organizations. Full invariance testing at mean constructs level also showed strong support of validity of the 'general score' of the WOAQ. However, minor mean differences were found between two nested factors (workload issues and the relationships with the coworkers).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The WOAQ is a valid assessment tool for application within the nursing and paramedic settings. Practical implications for these findings in healthcare settings are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":55996,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Evidence-Based Healthcare","volume":"18 2","pages":"222-230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/XEB.0000000000000222","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37926118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the evidence-practice gap in the use of plain radiography for acute abdominal pain and intestinal obstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Gary Denham,&nbsp;Tony Smith,&nbsp;Daphne James,&nbsp;Sharmaine McKiernan,&nbsp;Tiffany-Jane Evans","doi":"10.1097/XEB.0000000000000218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/XEB.0000000000000218","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Previous studies, some dating back several decades, have recommended that the use of plain abdominal radiography should be curbed, particularly with the growth of more accurate imaging modalities. However, evidence from referral data suggests that plain abdominal radiography continues to be a commonly requested examination. The aim of this review was to explore the gap between evidence and practice by re-examining the evidence using a robust methodology, investigating the diagnostic accuracy of plain abdominal radiography.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Studies were identified from electronic databases and reference lists. Eligible studies provided data as to the sensitivity and specificity of plain abdominal radiography for either acute abdominal pain (Group A) or suspected intestinal obstruction (Group B). Version 2 of the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies was used to assess the quality of studies and hierarchical summary receiver operator characteristic curves and coupled forest plots were generated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four studies evaluated plain abdominal radiography for acute abdominal pain (Group A) and 10 for suspected intestinal obstruction (Group B). Two studies investigated both presentations and were included in both groups. Methodological quality of studies was moderately high, though incorporation bias was a common limitation. Sensitivity for Group A studies ranged from 30 to 46%, with specificity from 75 to 88%. For Group B, the range of sensitivity was 48 to 96% and specificity from 50 to 100%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results suggest that use of plain abdominal radiography could be substantially reduced, particularly for patients with undifferentiated acute abdominal pain. While some guidelines exist, there is sound argument for clinical decision rules for abdominal imaging to inform evidence-based clinical decision-making and radiology referrals.</p>","PeriodicalId":55996,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Evidence-Based Healthcare","volume":"18 2","pages":"159-169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/XEB.0000000000000218","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37711494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intermittent iron supplementation for reducing anaemia and its associated impairments in adolescent and adult menstruating women.","authors":"Geraldine McLoughlin","doi":"10.1097/XEB.0000000000000212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/XEB.0000000000000212","url":null,"abstract":"Background Anaemia is a condition in which the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood is insufficient to meet the physiologic needs of body tissues. Approximately 29% of the nonpregnant women internationally experience this condition. Multiple direct causes of anaemia that frequently exist are: parasitic infections; inflammatory disorders; inherited disorders of haemoglobin (Hb) structure; and vitamin and mineral deficiencies such as that of vitamins A and B, and folate, and the most prevalent, iron. Worldwide figures suggest that 50% of anaemia is attributable to iron deficiency. Iron deficiency may derive from inadequate dietary iron intake, poor iron absorption or utilization, increased iron requirements, or blood loss – acute or chronic. The WHO recommends daily oral iron for pregnant women to prevent maternal anaemia, puerperal sepsis, low birth weight, and preterm birth, and folic acid to prevent neural tube defects, usually supplemented together. Iron deficiency anaemia may cause impaired muscle function and reduced resistance to infections, and is associated with reduced physical capacity and work performance in adolescents and adults. Conventionally, daily iron supplementation has been a standard practice for preventing and treating anaemia. Nevertheless, it has been associated with adverse side effects such as gastrointestinal disturbances, including nausea, constipation, diarrhoea, and teeth staining, which may lead to issues with compliance. The administration of intermittent iron supplementation – where supplements are administered once or twice a week on nonconsecutive days alone or with any other vitamins and minerals – is recommended as an effective and more tolerable alternative to prevent and reduce the incidence of anaemia and may in effect increase compliance. Improving iron","PeriodicalId":55996,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Evidence-Based Healthcare","volume":"18 2","pages":"274-275"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/XEB.0000000000000212","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38024922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a novel patient focussed symptom severity index for use in assessing and treating inflammatory conditions of the lactating breast: a Delphi study.","authors":"Melinda Cooper,&nbsp;Helen Lowe,&nbsp;Adelle McArdle","doi":"10.1097/XEB.0000000000000225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/XEB.0000000000000225","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the content and face validity of a patient-reported outcome measure used by Australian physiotherapists in the assessment of inflammatory conditions of the lactating breast.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty one experts representing 'women who previously had inflammatory conditions of the lactating breast' (48%), 'clinicians' (38%) and 'academics' (8%) interested in women's health and 7% unidentified participants were invited to complete a three round Delphi study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ninety five percent of participants agreed that overall, the patient-reported outcome measure was appropriate for use in assessing and treating inflammatory conditions of the lactating breast. The item 'impact' was added to ensure the appropriate assessment of functional aspects of daily life. The item terminology used in the patient-reported outcome measure was simplified to 'pain', 'redness', 'hardness/tightness', 'temperature of affected area', 'sickness/wellness' and 'affected area. A clinician script was developed to ensure the patient-reported outcome measure has utility and consistency regardless of the experience of the women presenting with inflammatory conditions of the lactating breast or the clinician.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The resultant Breast Inflammatory Symptom Severity Index (BISSI) is a patient-reported outcome measure for use in the diagnosis and monitoring of clinical changes of symptoms associated with inflammatory conditions of the lactating breast including engorgement, blocked ducts and mastitis. It utilizes person-centred language and assesses symptoms considered important to both patient and clinician. The development of the clinician script facilitates utility regardless of the experience of either the woman with the inflammatory condition or the treating clinician.</p>","PeriodicalId":55996,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Evidence-Based Healthcare","volume":"18 2","pages":"231-240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/XEB.0000000000000225","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38000730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Completeness of intervention reporting in neurology randomized controlled trials: a retrospective, cross-sectional study.","authors":"William Roberts,&nbsp;Craig Beavers,&nbsp;Samuel Jellison,&nbsp;Matt Vassar","doi":"10.1097/XEB.0000000000000224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/XEB.0000000000000224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Incomplete reporting of interventions in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) may hinder the replicability of studies and thus lead to adverse clinical outcomes for patients. Currently, little is known about the completeness of intervention reporting in neurology clinical trials. This study's primary objective was to determine the completeness of intervention reporting in neurology RCTs, as measured by the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist. The secondary objectives of this study were to compare the completeness of intervention reporting before and after TIDieR publication and to evaluate factors associated with intervention reporting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional, pilot-tested, double-blind investigation of 141 neurology RCTs to determine the completeness of intervention reporting in neurology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, the average number of TIDieR checklist items that reached completion per study was 7.4 out of 12 (61.7%). We found no increase in intervention reporting following the publication of TIDieR (P = 0.35). Our generalized estimating equation analysis found that poorer TIDieR adherence was associated with trials lacking a trial registration (P = 0.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings showed that on average, authors reported only 61.7% of items on the TIDieR checklist. These findings have significant implications, because incomplete reporting may hinder the replicability of studies and thus negatively affect clinical outcomes for patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":55996,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Evidence-Based Healthcare","volume":"18 2","pages":"212-221"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/XEB.0000000000000224","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38000729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The chameleon effect: adapting, advancing and aligning.","authors":"Zoe Jordan","doi":"10.1097/XEB.0000000000000240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/XEB.0000000000000240","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55996,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Evidence-Based Healthcare","volume":"18 2","pages":"157-158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/XEB.0000000000000240","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38000735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationships between workload perception, burnout, and intent to leave among medical-surgical nurses.","authors":"Carswella Phillips","doi":"10.1097/XEB.0000000000000220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/XEB.0000000000000220","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>These are turbulent times for hospitals, patients, and nurses. Nurse turnover is a global issue across all specialties but are exacerbated in medical-surgical areas where high nurse-patient ratios, use of point-of-care technologies, and stressful working conditions require sufficient numbers of highly trained nurses. These workload factors are further exaggerated by the current nursing shortage. The current nursing shortage crisis makes nursing job conditions more important than ever to examine. Despite heavy emphasis on promoting healthy work environments, job satisfaction, and retention of nurses working in intensive care and emergency room settings, limited research is available about the workload perception, burnout, and intent to leave among medical-surgical nurses. This study aimed to describe the relationships between workload perception, burnout, and intent to leave among medical-surgical nurses at two teaching hospitals in Southeastern United States.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A survey design and convenience sampling method was used. A sample of 58 medical-surgical staff nurses participated in the study. A 42-item questionnaire composed of a demographic survey, Individual Workload Perception Scale, and Maslach Burnout Inventory Scale were used. Simple descriptive statistics, Pearson's product-moment correlations, and multiple regression analysis procedures were used to analyze the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>More than half of the respondents reported high workloads and intentions to leave their current position. The overall burnout level for the sample was moderate to high. Moderate-to-strong intercorrelations were found between workload perception and intent to leave (r = 0.513, P < 0.0001), burnout and intent to leave (r = -0.435, P < 0.0006), and workload perception and burnout (r = -0.588, P < 0.0001). Workload perception and burnout among medical-surgical nurses both factored significantly on the intent to leave a current job (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current study provides new insights about the relationships between workload perception, burnout, and intent to leave among medical-surgical nurses. The findings indicate the higher the nurses' workload perception, the more likely they will leave their current job. Nurse managers should consider these findings when developing strategies to improve the work environment and nurse retention. Additional research is needed to gain more insight into the causality among workload perception, burnout, and intent to leave a current job among medical-surgical nurses.</p>","PeriodicalId":55996,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Evidence-Based Healthcare","volume":"18 2","pages":"265-273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/XEB.0000000000000220","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37711496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interventions to ensure medication safety in acute care: an umbrella review.","authors":"Hanan Khalil, Kathryn Kynoch, Sonia Hines","doi":"10.1097/XEB.0000000000000232","DOIUrl":"10.1097/XEB.0000000000000232","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Medication errors are one of the leading avoidable sources of harm to hospital patients. In hospitals, a range of interventions have been used to reduce the risk of errors at each of the points they may occur, such as prescription, dispensing and/or administration. Systematic reviews have been conducted on many of these interventions; however, it is difficult to compare the clinical utility of any of the separate interventions without the use of a rigorous umbrella review methodology.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;The aim of this umbrella review was to synthesize the evidence from all systematic reviews investigating the effectiveness of medication safety interventions, in comparison to any or no comparator, for preventing medication errors, medication-related harms and death in acute care patients.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;The review considered quantitative systematic reviews with participants who were healthcare workers involved in prescribing, dispensing or administering medications. These healthcare workers were registered nurses, enrolled or licensed vocational nurses, midwives, pharmacists or medical doctors. Interventions of interest were those designed to prevent medication error in acute care settings. Eligible systematic reviews reported medication errors, medication-related harms and medication-related death as measured by error rates, numbers of adverse events and numbers of medication-related deaths. To qualify for inclusion, systematic reviews needed to provide a clearly articulated and comprehensive search strategy, and evidence of critical appraisal of the included studies using a standardized tool. Systematic reviews published in English since 2007 were included until present (March 2020). We searched a range of databases such MEDLINE, CINAHL, Web of Science, EMBASE, and The Cochrane Library for potentially eligible reviews. Identified citations were screened by two reviewers working independently. Potentially eligible articles were retrieved and assessed against the inclusion criteria and those meeting the criteria were then critically appraised using the JBI SUMARI instrument for assessing the methodological quality of systematic reviews and research syntheses. A predetermined quality threshold was used to exclude studies based on their reported methods. Following critical appraisal, data were extracted from the included studies by two independent reviewers using the relevant instrument in JBI SUMARI. Extracted findings were synthesized narratively and presented in tables to illustrate the reported outcomes for each intervention. The strength of the evidence for each intervention was indicated using 'traffic light' colors: green for effective interventions, amber for interventions with no evidence of an effect and red for interventions less effective than the comparison.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 23 systematic reviews were included in this umbrella review. Most reviews","PeriodicalId":55996,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Evidence-Based Healthcare","volume":"18 2","pages":"188-211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38000731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spin: modificações na redação científica que escondem fragilidades metodológicas com impacto social negativo","authors":"Charles Phillipe de Lucena Alves, Gabriel Gonçalves da Costa, João de Deus Barreto Segundo, Lucas Helal","doi":"10.31219/osf.io/7hdur","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/7hdur","url":null,"abstract":"In this brief text, information, for scientists and non-scientists, what spin is and how to identify it in scientific texts.","PeriodicalId":55996,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Evidence-Based Healthcare","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85099887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of training on evidence-based practice to undergraduate dental students: pre and postexperimental study.","authors":"Umesh Wadgave, M. Khairnar, Tanvi S Kadu, Gagandeep K Chadha, Yogesh Wadgave","doi":"10.1097/XEB.0000000000000199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/XEB.0000000000000199","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Evidence-based practice (EBP) training is essential for undergraduate students in making sound clinical decisions during patient care. However, EBP training is not included in the curriculum of undergraduate dental students in India and there is a dearth of research that assessed the effectiveness of EBP training in India. Hence, this study aimed to assess the effectiveness of EBP training to dental undergraduate students.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000Final year undergraduate students and interns of a dental institution participated in this pre and postexperimental study. All the participants received a 2-day workshop (didactic lectures, hands-on and group activities) in a classroom setting. A validated 35 item instrument titled EBP Knowledge, Attitudes, Access and Confidence questionnaire was used for the outcome assessment of EBP training.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Fifty undergraduate students (33 interns and 17 final year) participated in the study. Statistically significant improvement was observed in six out of 10 items related to EBP knowledge. All the items related to attitude showed a significant positive change in scores. Only four out of nine items related to accessing evidence showed a statistically significant change. Participants reported moderate confidence gain in critical appraisal skills.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000The current study demonstrated moderate improvement in the effectiveness of EBP training in improving EBP knowledge, accessing evidence and critical appraisal skills.","PeriodicalId":55996,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Evidence-Based Healthcare","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85482007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}